Abstract
The Affleck-Dine leptogenesis scenario along the LH u flat direction is reconsidered. It is known that successful Affleck-Dine leptogenesis requires that the lightest neutrino mass is extremely small. This situation can be significantly relaxed if the neutrino mass in the early universe is different from the present one. We consider a supersymmetric Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky (DFSZ) type model, which provides a solution to the strong CP problem and generates a SUSY μ-term and right-handed neutrino masses. If the PQ scale during lepton number generation is much larger than the present value, leptogenesis is very efficient so that enough baryon number can be generated without introducing a hierarchically small neutrino mass. The final baryon asymmetry is related to the μ-term, and hence linked to the level of electroweak fine-tuning. We also show the PQ breaking scalar dynamics that keeps a large PQ breaking scale during inflation and lepton number generation. The μ-term generating superpotential plays an important role for preserving the lepton asymmetry during saxion oscillation. In this scenario, the axion isocurvature perturbation is naturally suppressed.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
A.D. Sakharov, Violation of CP Invariance, c Asymmetry and Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe, Pisma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 5 (1967) 32 [INSPIRE].
V.A. Kuzmin, V.A. Rubakov and M.E. Shaposhnikov, On the Anomalous Electroweak Baryon Number Nonconservation in the Early Universe, Phys. Lett. B 155 (1985) 36 [INSPIRE].
M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Baryogenesis Without Grand Unification, Phys. Lett. B 174 (1986) 45 [INSPIRE].
W. Buchmüller, R.D. Peccei and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis as the origin of matter, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 55 (2005) 311 [hep-ph/0502169] [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri, T. Moroi and A. Yotsuyanagi, Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Gravitino, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 065011 [arXiv:0804.3745] [INSPIRE].
I. Affleck and M. Dine, A New Mechanism for Baryogenesis, Nucl. Phys. B 249 (1985) 361 [INSPIRE].
M. Dine, L. Randall and S.D. Thomas, Baryogenesis from flat directions of the supersymmetric standard model, Nucl. Phys. B 458 (1996) 291 [hep-ph/9507453] [INSPIRE].
G. Lazarides and Q. Shafi, Origin of matter in the inflationary cosmology, Phys. Lett. B 258 (1991) 305 [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, K. Hamaguchi, M. Kawasaki and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis in inflaton decay, Phys. Lett. B 464 (1999) 12 [hep-ph/9906366] [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, K. Hamaguchi, M. Kawasaki and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis in inflationary universe, Phys. Rev. D 61 (2000) 083512 [hep-ph/9907559] [INSPIRE].
K. Hamaguchi, H. Murayama and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis from N dominated early universe, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 043512 [hep-ph/0109030] [INSPIRE].
H. Murayama and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis in supersymmetric standard model with right-handed neutrino, Phys. Lett. B 322 (1994) 349 [hep-ph/9310297] [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, M. Fujii, K. Hamaguchi and T. Yanagida, Affleck-Dine leptogenesis with an ultralight neutrino, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 123514 [hep-ph/0008041] [INSPIRE].
M. Fujii, K. Hamaguchi and T. Yanagida, Reheating temperature independence of cosmological baryon asymmetry in Affleck-Dine leptogenesis, Phys. Rev. D 63 (2001) 123513 [hep-ph/0102187] [INSPIRE].
R.D. Peccei and H.R. Quinn, CP Conservation in the Presence of Instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 38 (1977) 1440 [INSPIRE].
P. Langacker, R.D. Peccei and T. Yanagida, Invisible Axions and Light Neutrinos: Are They Connected?, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 1 (1986) 541 [INSPIRE].
M. Dine, W. Fischler and M. Srednicki, A Simple Solution to the Strong CP Problem with a Harmless Axion, Phys. Lett. B 104 (1981) 199 [INSPIRE].
A.R. Zhitnitsky, On Possible Suppression of the Axion Hadron Interactions. (In Russian), Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 31 (1980) 260 [INSPIRE].
S. Kasuya, M. Kawasaki and F. Takahashi, Isocurvature fluctuations in Affleck-Dine mechanism and constraints on inflation models, JCAP 10 (2008) 017 [arXiv:0805.4245] [INSPIRE].
R. Allahverdi, B.A. Campbell and J.R. Ellis, Reheating and supersymmetric flat direction baryogenesis, Nucl. Phys. B 579 (2000) 355 [hep-ph/0001122] [INSPIRE].
A. Anisimov and M. Dine, Some issues in flat direction baryogenesis, Nucl. Phys. B 619 (2001) 729 [hep-ph/0008058] [INSPIRE].
K. Hamaguchi, Cosmological baryon asymmetry and neutrinos: Baryogenesis via leptogenesis in supersymmetric theories, hep-ph/0212305 [INSPIRE].
K.J. Bae, H. Baer and E.J. Chun, Mixed axion/neutralino dark matter in the SUSY DFSZ axion model, JCAP 12 (2013) 028 [arXiv:1309.5365] [INSPIRE].
T. Goto and M. Yamaguchi, Is axino dark matter possible in supergravity?, Phys. Lett. B 276 (1992) 103 [INSPIRE].
E.J. Chun, J.E. Kim and H.P. Nilles, Axino mass, Phys. Lett. B 287 (1992) 123 [hep-ph/9205229] [INSPIRE].
E.J. Chun and A. Lukas, Axino mass in supergravity models, Phys. Lett. B 357 (1995) 43 [hep-ph/9503233] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Bae, H. Baer, E.J. Chun and C.S. Shin, Mixed axion/gravitino dark matter from SUSY models with heavy axinos, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 075011 [arXiv:1410.3857] [INSPIRE].
J.E. Kim and H.P. Nilles, The μ Problem and the Strong CP Problem, Phys. Lett. B 138 (1984) 150 [INSPIRE].
H. Murayama, H. Suzuki and T. Yanagida, Radiative breaking of Peccei-Quinn symmetry at the intermediate mass scale, Phys. Lett. B 291 (1992) 418 [INSPIRE].
T. Gherghetta and G.L. Kane, Chaotic inflation and a radiatively generated intermediate scale in the supersymmetric standard model, Phys. Lett. B 354 (1995) 300 [hep-ph/9504420] [INSPIRE].
K. Choi, E.J. Chun and J.E. Kim, Cosmological implications of radiatively generated axion scale, Phys. Lett. B 403 (1997) 209 [hep-ph/9608222] [INSPIRE].
N. Abe, T. Moroi and M. Yamaguchi, Anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking with axion, JHEP 01 (2002) 010 [hep-ph/0111155] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama and N. Yokozaki, Peccei-Quinn extended gauge-mediation model with vector-like matter, JHEP 11 (2012) 158 [arXiv:1204.5420] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Bae, H. Baer and H. Serce, Natural little hierarchy for SUSY from radiative breaking of the Peccei-Quinn symmetry, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 015003 [arXiv:1410.7500] [INSPIRE].
H. Baer, V. Barger, P. Huang, A. Mustafayev and X. Tata, Radiative natural SUSY with a 125 GeV Higgs boson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 161802 [arXiv:1207.3343] [INSPIRE].
KamLAND-Zen collaboration, A. Gando et al., Search for Majorana Neutrinos near the Inverted Mass Hierarchy Region with KamLAND-Zen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 (2016) 082503 [Addendum ibid. 117 (2016) 109903] [arXiv:1605.02889] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 594 (2016) A13 [arXiv:1502.01589] [INSPIRE].
J.E. Kim and G. Carosi, Axions and the Strong CP Problem, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 (2010) 557 [arXiv:0807.3125] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Bae, H. Baer, A. Lessa and H. Serce, Coupled Boltzmann computation of mixed axion neutralino dark matter in the SUSY DFSZ axion model, JCAP 10 (2014) 082 [arXiv:1406.4138] [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki and K. Nakayama, Axions: Theory and Cosmological Role, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 63 (2013) 69 [arXiv:1301.1123] [INSPIRE].
S. Kasuya, M. Kawasaki and T. Yanagida, Cosmological axion problem in chaotic inflationary universe, Phys. Lett. B 409 (1997) 94 [hep-ph/9608405] [INSPIRE].
A.D. Linde and D.H. Lyth, Axionic domain wall production during inflation, Phys. Lett. B 246 (1990) 353 [INSPIRE].
A.D. Linde, Axions in inflationary cosmology, Phys. Lett. B 259 (1991) 38 [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, N. Sugiyama and T. Yanagida, Isocurvature and adiabatic fluctuations of axion in chaotic inflation models and large scale structure, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 2442 [hep-ph/9512368] [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki and K. Nakayama, Solving Cosmological Problems of Supersymmetric Axion Models in Inflationary Universe, Phys. Rev. D 77 (2008) 123524 [arXiv:0802.2487] [INSPIRE].
K. Choi, E.J. Chun, S.H. Im and K.S. Jeong, Diluting the inflationary axion fluctuation by a stronger QCD in the early Universe, Phys. Lett. B 750 (2015) 26 [arXiv:1505.00306] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama and M. Takimoto, Higgs inflation and suppression of axion isocurvature perturbation, Phys. Lett. B 748 (2015) 108 [arXiv:1505.02119] [INSPIRE].
L.F. Abbott and P. Sikivie, A Cosmological Bound on the Invisible Axion, Phys. Lett. B 120 (1983) 133 [INSPIRE].
J. Preskill, M.B. Wise and F. Wilczek, Cosmology of the Invisible Axion, Phys. Lett. B 120 (1983) 127 [INSPIRE].
M. Dine and W. Fischler, The Not So Harmless Axion, Phys. Lett. B 120 (1983) 137 [INSPIRE].
M.S. Turner, Cosmic and Local Mass Density of Invisible Axions, Phys. Rev. D 33 (1986) 889 [INSPIRE].
K.J. Bae, J.-H. Huh and J.E. Kim, Update of axion CDM energy, JCAP 09 (2008) 005 [arXiv:0806.0497] [INSPIRE].
L. Visinelli and P. Gondolo, Dark Matter Axions Revisited, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 035024 [arXiv:0903.4377] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2015 results. XX. Constraints on inflation, Astron. Astrophys. 594 (2016) A20 [arXiv:1502.02114] [INSPIRE].
E.J. Chun, Dark matter in the Kim-Nilles mechanism, Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 043509 [arXiv:1104.2219] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Bae, K. Choi and S.H. Im, Effective Interactions of Axion Supermultiplet and Thermal Production of Axino Dark Matter, JHEP 08 (2011) 065 [arXiv:1106.2452] [INSPIRE].
K.J. Bae, E.J. Chun and S.H. Im, Cosmology of the DFSZ axino, JCAP 03 (2012) 013 [arXiv:1111.5962] [INSPIRE].
K.-Y. Choi, J.E. Kim, H.M. Lee and O. Seto, Neutralino dark matter from heavy axino decay, Phys. Rev. D 77 (2008) 123501 [arXiv:0801.0491] [INSPIRE].
F.T. Avignone, III, S.R. Elliott and J. Engel, Double Beta Decay, Majorana Neutrinos and Neutrino Mass, Rev. Mod. Phys. 80 (2008) 481 [arXiv:0708.1033] [INSPIRE].
T. Yanagida, Horizontal Symmetry And Masses Of Neutrinos, Conf. Proc. C 7902131 (1979) 95 [INSPIRE]
M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond and R. Slansky, Complex Spinors and Unified Theories, Conf. Proc. C 790927 (1979) 315 [arXiv:1306.4669] [INSPIRE].
P. Minkowski, μ → eγ at a Rate of One Out of 109 Muon Decays?, Phys. Lett. B 67 (1977) 421 [INSPIRE].
Z. Maki, M. Nakagawa and S. Sakata, Remarks on the unified model of elementary particles, Prog. Theor. Phys. 28 (1962) 870 [INSPIRE].
F. Capozzi, G.L. Fogli, E. Lisi, A. Marrone, D. Montanino and A. Palazzo, Status of three-neutrino oscillation parameters, circa 2013, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 093018 [arXiv:1312.2878] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1612.02511
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Bae, K.J., Baer, H., Hamaguchi, K. et al. Affleck-Dine leptogenesis with varying Peccei-Quinn scale. J. High Energ. Phys. 2017, 17 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2017)017
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2017)017