Abstract
We investigate the potential of rare hyperon decays to probe the short distance structure in the \( s\to dv\overline{v} \) and s → dℓ+ℓ− transitions. Hyperon decays into neutrinos \( \left({B}_1\to {B}_2v\overline{v}\right) \) can be reliably predicted by using form factors determined in baryon chiral perturbation theory. Their decay rates are sensitive to different short-distance operators, as compared to their kaon counterparts, and the corresponding branching fractions are in the range of 10−14 ∼ 10−13 in the standard model. In the context of the low-energy effective theory, we find that the anticipated BESIII measurements of the \( {B}_1\to {B}_2v\overline{v} \) decays would lead to constraints on new physics in the purely axial vector \( \overline{d}{\gamma}_{\mu }{\gamma}_5s \) current that are stronger than the present limits from their kaon siblings \( K\to \pi \pi v\overline{v} \). On the other hand, although hyperon decays into charged leptons are dominated by long-distance hadronic contributions, angular observable such as the leptonic forward-backward asymmetry is sensitive to the interference between long- and short-distance contributions. We discuss the sensitivity to new physics of a potential measurement of this observable in comparison with observables in the kaon decays KL → μ+μ− and K + → π+μ+μ−. We conclude that the current kaon bounds are a few orders of magnitude better than those that could be obtained from Σ+ → pμ+μ− except for two scenarios with new physics in the \( \left(\overline{d}{\gamma}^{\mu }s\right)\left(\overline{\mathrm{\ell}}{\gamma}_{\mu }{\gamma}_5\mathrm{\ell}\right) \) and \( \left(\overline{d}{\gamma}^{\mu }{\gamma}_5s\right)\left(\overline{\mathrm{\ell}}{\gamma}_{\mu}\mathrm{\ell}\right) \) currents. Finally, we point out that the loop effects from renormalization group evolution are important in this context, when relating the low-energy effective field theory to new physics models in the UV.
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Geng, LS., Camalich, J.M. & Shi, RX. New physics in s → d semileptonic transitions: rare hyperon vs. kaon decays. J. High Energ. Phys. 2022, 178 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2022)178
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2022)178