Abstract
While the observation of nucleon decay would be a smoking gun of Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) in general, the ratios between the decay rates of the various channels carry rich information about the specific GUT model realization. To investigate this fingerprint of GUT models in the context of supersymmetric (SUSY) GUTs, we present the software tool SusyTCProton, which is an extension of the module SusyTC to be used with the REAP package. It allows to calculate nucleon decay rates from the relevant dimension five GUT operators specified at the GUT scale, including the full loop-dressing at the SUSY scale. As an application, we investigate the fingerprints of two example GUT toy models with different flavor structures, performing an MCMC analysis to include the experimental uncertainties for the charged fermion masses and CKM mixing parameters. While both toy models provide equally good fits to the low energy data, we show how they could be distinguished via their predictions of ratios for nucleon decay rates. Together with SusyTCProton we also make the additional module ProtonDecay public. It can be used independently from REAP and allows to calculate nucleon decay rates from given D = 5 and D = 6 operator coefficients (accepting the required SUSY input for the D = 5 case in SLHA format). The D = 6 functionality can also be used to calculate nucleon decay in non-SUSY GUTs.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
H. Georgi and S.L. Glashow, Unity of All Elementary Particle Forces, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32 (1974) 438 [INSPIRE].
H. Fritzsch and P. Minkowski, Unified Interactions of Leptons and Hadrons, Annals Phys. 93 (1975) 193 [INSPIRE].
H. Georgi, The State of the Art — Gauge Theories, AIP Conf. Proc. 23 (1975) 575 [INSPIRE].
N. Sakai and T. Yanagida, Proton Decay in a Class of Supersymmetric Grand Unified Models, Nucl. Phys. B 197 (1982) 533 [INSPIRE].
S. Weinberg, Supersymmetry at Ordinary Energies. 1. Masses and Conservation Laws, Phys. Rev. D 26 (1982) 287 [INSPIRE].
G. Senjanović, Proton decay and grand unification, AIP Conf. Proc. 1200 (2010) 131 [arXiv:0912.5375] [INSPIRE].
P. Nath and P. Fileviez Perez, Proton stability in grand unified theories, in strings and in branes, Phys. Rept. 441 (2007) 191 [hep-ph/0601023] [INSPIRE].
Super Kamiokande collaboration, Recent nucleon decay results from Super Kamiokande, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 718 (2016) 062044 [INSPIRE].
DUNE collaboration, Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE): Conceptual Design Report, Volume 2: The Physics Program for DUNE at LBNF, arXiv:1512.06148 [INSPIRE].
Hyper-Kamiokande collaboration, Hyper-Kamiokande Design Report, arXiv:1805.04163 [INSPIRE].
JUNO collaboration, Neutrino Physics with JUNO, J. Phys. G 43 (2016) 030401 [arXiv:1507.05613] [INSPIRE].
T. Goto and T. Nihei, Effect of RRRR dimension five operator on the proton decay in the minimal SU(5) SUGRA GUT model, Phys. Rev. D 59 (1999) 115009 [hep-ph/9808255] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch and C. Sluka, Predicting the Sparticle Spectrum from GUTs via SUSY Threshold Corrections with SusyTC, JHEP 07 (2016) 108 [arXiv:1512.06727] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, J. Kersten, M. Lindner, M. Ratz and M.A. Schmidt, Running neutrino mass parameters in see-saw scenarios, JHEP 03 (2005) 024 [hep-ph/0501272] [INSPIRE].
P.Z. Skands et al., SUSY Les Houches accord: Interfacing SUSY spectrum calculators, decay packages, and event generators, JHEP 07 (2004) 036 [hep-ph/0311123] [INSPIRE].
W. Porod, SPheno, a program for calculating supersymmetric spectra, SUSY particle decays and SUSY particle production at e+e− colliders, Comput. Phys. Commun. 153 (2003) 275 [hep-ph/0301101] [INSPIRE].
W. Porod and F. Staub, SPheno 3.1: Extensions including flavour, CP-phases and models beyond the MSSM, Comput. Phys. Commun. 183 (2012) 2458 [arXiv:1104.1573] [INSPIRE].
B.C. Allanach, SOFTSUSY: a program for calculating supersymmetric spectra, Comput. Phys. Commun. 143 (2002) 305 [hep-ph/0104145] [INSPIRE].
D. Chowdhury, R. Garani and S.K. Vempati, SUSEFLAV: Program for supersymmetric mass spectra with seesaw mechanism and rare lepton flavor violating decays, Comput. Phys. Commun. 184 (2013) 899 [arXiv:1109.3551] [INSPIRE].
A. Djouadi, J.-L. Kneur and G. Moultaka, SuSpect: A Fortran code for the supersymmetric and Higgs particle spectrum in the MSSM, Comput. Phys. Commun. 176 (2007) 426 [hep-ph/0211331] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, I. de Medeiros Varzielas, V. Maurer, C. Sluka and M. Spinrath, Towards predictive flavour models in SUSY SU(5) GUTs with doublet-triplet splitting, JHEP 09 (2014) 141 [arXiv:1405.6962] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, C. Gross, V. Maurer and C. Sluka, A flavour GUT model with \( {\theta}_{13}^{PMNS}\simeq {\theta}_C/\sqrt{2} \), Nucl. Phys. B 877 (2013) 772 [arXiv:1305.6612] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, C. Hohl and V. Susič, Yukawa ratio predictions in non-renormalizable SO(10) GUT models, JHEP 02 (2020) 086 [arXiv:1911.12807] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, C. Hohl, C.K. Khosa and V. Susič, Predicting δPMNS, \( {\theta}_{23}^{PMNS} \) and fermion mass ratios from flavour GUTs with CSD2, JHEP 12 (2018) 025 [arXiv:1808.09364] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch and C. Hohl, Predictions from a flavour GUT model combined with a SUSY breaking sector, JHEP 10 (2017) 155 [arXiv:1706.04274] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, C. Gross, V. Maurer and C. Sluka, \( {\theta}_1^{PMNS}3\simeq {\theta}_C/\sqrt{2} \) from GUTs, Nucl. Phys. B 866 (2013) 255 [arXiv:1205.1051] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch and M. Spinrath, New GUT predictions for quark and lepton mass ratios confronted with phenomenology, Phys. Rev. D 79 (2009) 095004 [arXiv:0902.4644] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, S.F. King and M. Spinrath, GUT predictions for quark-lepton Yukawa coupling ratios with messenger masses from non-singlets, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 055027 [arXiv:1311.0877] [INSPIRE].
S.P. Martin, A supersymmetry primer, Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys. 18 (1998) 1 [hep-ph/9709356] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, S.F. King, C. Luhn and M. Spinrath, Right Unitarity Triangles and Tri-Bimaximal Mixing from Discrete Symmetries and Unification, Nucl. Phys. B 850 (2011) 477 [arXiv:1103.5930] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, S.F. King and M. Spinrath, Spontaneous CP-violation in A4 × SU(5) with Constrained Sequential Dominance 2, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 096018 [arXiv:1301.6764] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch, S.F. King, M. Malinsky and M. Spinrath, Quark mixing sum rules and the right unitarity triangle, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 033008 [arXiv:0910.5127] [INSPIRE].
J.R. Ellis, M.K. Gaillard and D.V. Nanopoulos, On the Effective Lagrangian for Baryon Decay, Phys. Lett. B 88 (1979) 320 [INSPIRE].
J. Ellis, J.L. Evans, N. Nagata, K.A. Olive and L. Velasco-Sevilla, Supersymmetric proton decay revisited, Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 332 [arXiv:1912.04888] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch and M. Spinrath, Quark and lepton masses at the GUT scale including SUSY threshold corrections, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 075020 [arXiv:0804.0717] [INSPIRE].
S. Antusch and V. Maurer, Running quark and lepton parameters at various scales, JHEP 11 (2013) 115 [arXiv:1306.6879] [INSPIRE].
Particle Data Group collaboration, Review of Particle Physics, Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 030001 [INSPIRE].
R. Brock et al., Proton Decay, Workshop on Fundamental Physics at the Intensity Frontier, 111–130, [INSPIRE].
Super-Kamiokande collaboration, Search for proton decay via p → e+π0 and p → μ+π0 with an enlarged fiducial volume in Super-Kamiokande I-IV, Phys. Rev. D 102 (2020) 112011 [arXiv:2010.16098] [INSPIRE].
B. Bajc, J. Hisano, T. Kuwahara and Y. Omura, Threshold corrections to dimension-six proton decay operators in non-minimal SUSY SU (5) GUTs, Nucl. Phys. B 910 (2016) 1 [arXiv:1603.03568] [INSPIRE].
Super-Kamiokande collaboration, Search for proton decay via p → e+π0 and p → μ+π0 in 0.31 megaton · years exposure of the Super-Kamiokande water Cherenkov detector, Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 012004 [arXiv:1610.03597] [INSPIRE].
Super-Kamiokande collaboration, Search for proton decay via p → νK+ using 260 kiloton · year data of Super-Kamiokande, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 072005 [arXiv:1408.1195] [INSPIRE].
Super-Kamiokande collaboration, Search for Proton Decay via p → μ+K0 in Super-Kamiokande I, II, and III, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 012006 [arXiv:1205.6538] [INSPIRE].
H. Bahl et al., Precision calculations in the MSSM Higgs-boson sector with FeynHiggs 2.14, Comput. Phys. Commun. 249 (2020) 107099 [arXiv:1811.09073] [INSPIRE].
H. Bahl, S. Heinemeyer, W. Hollik and G. Weiglein, Reconciling EFT and hybrid calculations of the light MSSM Higgs-boson mass, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 57 [arXiv:1706.00346] [INSPIRE].
H. Bahl and W. Hollik, Precise prediction for the light MSSM Higgs boson mass combining effective field theory and fixed-order calculations, Eur. Phys. J. C 76 (2016) 499 [arXiv:1608.01880] [INSPIRE].
T. Hahn, S. Heinemeyer, W. Hollik, H. Rzehak and G. Weiglein, High-Precision Predictions for the Light CP-Even Higgs Boson Mass of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 141801 [arXiv:1312.4937] [INSPIRE].
M. Frank, T. Hahn, S. Heinemeyer, W. Hollik, H. Rzehak and G. Weiglein, The Higgs Boson Masses and Mixings of the Complex MSSM in the Feynman-Diagrammatic Approach, JHEP 02 (2007) 047 [hep-ph/0611326] [INSPIRE].
G. Degrassi, S. Heinemeyer, W. Hollik, P. Slavich and G. Weiglein, Towards high precision predictions for the MSSM Higgs sector, Eur. Phys. J. C 28 (2003) 133 [hep-ph/0212020] [INSPIRE].
S. Heinemeyer, W. Hollik and G. Weiglein, The masses of the neutral CP-even Higgs bosons in the MSSM: Accurate analysis at the two loop level, Eur. Phys. J. C 9 (1999) 343 [hep-ph/9812472] [INSPIRE].
S. Heinemeyer, W. Hollik and G. Weiglein, FeynHiggs: A program for the calculation of the masses of the neutral CP even Higgs bosons in the MSSM, Comput. Phys. Commun. 124 (2000) 76 [hep-ph/9812320] [INSPIRE].
G.O. Roberts and J.S. Rosenthal, Examples of Adaptive MCMC, J. Comput. Graphical Stat. 18:2 (2009) 349.
J.E. Camargo-Molina, B. O’Leary, W. Porod and F. Staub, Vevacious: A Tool For Finding The Global Minima Of One-Loop Effective Potentials With Many Scalars, Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2588 [arXiv:1307.1477] [INSPIRE].
F. Staub, SARAH, arXiv:0806.0538 [INSPIRE].
F. Staub, SARAH 4: A tool for (not only SUSY) model builders, Comput. Phys. Commun. 185 (2014) 1773 [arXiv:1309.7223] [INSPIRE].
S. Dimopoulos and H. Georgi, Softly Broken Supersymmetry and SU(5), Nucl. Phys. B 193 (1981) 150.
A. Masiero, D.V. Nanopoulos, K. Tamvakis and T. Yanagida, Naturally Massless Higgs Doublets in Supersymmetric SU(5), Phys. Lett. B 115 (1982) 380 [INSPIRE].
B. Grinstein, A Supersymmetric SU(5) Gauge Theory with No Gauge Hierarchy Problem, Nucl. Phys. B 206 (1982) 387 [INSPIRE].
R. Slansky, Group Theory for Unified Model Building, Phys. Rept. 79 (1981) 1 [INSPIRE].
R. Feger and T.W. Kephart, LieART — A Mathematica application for Lie algebras and representation theory, Comput. Phys. Commun. 192 (2015) 166 [arXiv:1206.6379] [INSPIRE].
R. Feger, T.W. Kephart and R.J. Saskowski, LieART 2.0 — A Mathematica application for Lie Algebras and Representation Theory, Comput. Phys. Commun. 257 (2020) 107490 [arXiv:1912.10969] [INSPIRE].
S.P. Martin and M.T. Vaughn, Two loop renormalization group equations for soft supersymmetry breaking couplings, Phys. Rev. D 50 (1994) 2282 [Erratum ibid. 78 (2008) 039903] [hep-ph/9311340] [INSPIRE].
J. Wess and B. Zumino, A Lagrangian Model Invariant Under Supergauge Transformations, Phys. Lett. B 49 (1974) 52 [INSPIRE].
J. Iliopoulos and B. Zumino, Broken Supergauge Symmetry and Renormalization, Nucl. Phys. B 76 (1974) 310 [INSPIRE].
M.T. Grisaru, W. Siegel and M. Roček, Improved Methods for Supergraphs, Nucl. Phys. B 159 (1979) 429 [INSPIRE].
B. Bajc, P. Fileviez Perez and G. Senjanović, Proton decay in minimal supersymmetric SU(5), Phys. Rev. D 66 (2002) 075005 [hep-ph/0204311] [INSPIRE].
B.C. Allanach et al., SUSY Les Houches Accord 2, Comput. Phys. Commun. 180 (2009) 8 [arXiv:0801.0045] [INSPIRE].
T. Nihei and J. Arafune, The two loop long range effect on the proton decay effective Lagrangian, Prog. Theor. Phys. 93 (1995) 665 [hep-ph/9412325] [INSPIRE].
N. Cabibbo, E.C. Swallow and R. Winston, Semileptonic hyperon decays, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 53 (2003) 39 [hep-ph/0307298] [INSPIRE].
CP-PACS and JLQCD collaborations, Lattice QCD calculation of the proton decay matrix element in the continuum limit, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 111501 [hep-lat/0402026] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2011.15026
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Antusch, S., Hohl, C. & Susič, V. Employing nucleon decay as a fingerprint of SUSY GUT models using SusyTCProton. J. High Energ. Phys. 2021, 22 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2021)022
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2021)022