Abstract
Discovering new neutrino interactions would represent evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. We focus on new flavor-dependent long-range neutrino interactions mediated by ultra-light mediators, with masses below 10−10 eV, introduced by new lepton-number gauge symmetries Le – Lμ, Le – Lτ, and Lμ – Lτ. Because the interaction range is ultra-long, nearby and distant matter — primarily electrons and neutrons — in the Earth, Moon, Sun, Milky Way, and the local Universe, may source a large matter potential that modifies neutrino oscillation probabilities. The upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) and the Tokai-to-Hyper-Kamiokande (T2HK) long-baseline neutrino experiments will provide an opportunity to search for these interactions, thanks to their high event rates and well-characterized neutrino beams. We forecast their probing power. Our results reveal novel perspectives. Alone, DUNE and T2HK may strongly constrain long-range interactions, setting new limits on their coupling strength for mediators lighter than 10−18 eV. However, if the new interactions are subdominant, then both DUNE and T2HK, together, will be needed to discover them, since their combination lifts parameter degeneracies that weaken their individual sensitivity. DUNE and T2HK, especially when combined, provide a valuable opportunity to explore physics beyond the Standard Model.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Pilar Coloma, Sudipta Das, Iván Esteban, Shirley Li, Swapna Mahapatra, Ashish Narang, and Yu-Dai Tsai for their helpful discussions and crucial input. S.K.A. acknowledges the support from the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Govt. of India, under the Project Identification no. RIO 4001. S.K.A. acknowledges the financial support from the Swarnajayanti Fellowship (sanction order no. DST/SJF/PSA-05/2019-20) provided by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India, and the Research Grant (sanction order no. SB/SJF/2020-21/21) provided by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Govt. of India, under the Swarnajayanti Fellowship project. S.K.A. would like to thank the United States-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) for providing the financial support through the Fulbright-Nehru Academic and Professional Excellence Fellowship (Award no. 2710/F-N APE/2021). M.S. acknowledges the financial support from the DST, Govt. of India (DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2018/IF180059). M.B. is supported by the Villum Fonden under the project no. 29388. The numerical simulations are carried out using the “SAMKHYA: High-Performance Computing Facility” at the Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India.
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Singh, M., Bustamante, M. & Agarwalla, S.K. Flavor-dependent long-range neutrino interactions in DUNE & T2HK: alone they constrain, together they discover. J. High Energ. Phys. 2023, 101 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2023)101
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2023)101