Abstract
We present the minimal model of electroweak baryogenesis induced by fermions. The model consists of an extension of the Standard Model with one electroweak singlet fermion and one pair of vector like doublet fermions with renormalizable couplings to the Higgs. A strong first order phase transition is radiatively induced by the singlet-doublet fermions, while the origin of the baryon asymmetry is due to asymmetric reflection of the same set of fermions on the expanding electroweak bubble wall. The singlet-doublet fermions are stabilized at the electroweak scale by chiral symmetries and the Higgs potential is stabilized by threshold corrections coming from a multi-TeV ultraviolet completion which does not play any significant role in the phase transition. We work in terms of background symmetry invariants and perform an analytic semiclassical calculation of the baryon asymmetry, showing that the model may effectively generate the observed baryon asymmetry for percent level values of the unique invariant CP violating phase of the singlet-doublet sector. We include a detailed study of electron electric dipole moment and electroweak precision limits, and for one typical benchmark scenario, we also recast existing collider constraints, showing that the model is consistent with all current experimental data. We point out that fermion induced electroweak baryogenesis has irreducible phenomenology at the 13 TeV LHC since the new fermions must be at the electroweak scale, have electroweak quantum numbers and couple strongly to the Higgs. The most promising searches involve topologies with multiple leptons and missing energy in the final state.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
V.A. Kuzmin, V.A. Rubakov and M.E. Shaposhnikov, On the anomalous electroweak baryon number nonconservation in the early universe, Phys. Lett. B 155 (1985) 36 [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline, Baryogenesis, in Les Houches Summer School — Session 86: Particle Physics and Cosmology: The Fabric of Spacetime, Les Houches France, 31 July-25 August 2006 [hep-ph/0609145] [INSPIRE].
A. Riotto, Theories of baryogenesis, in Proceedings, Summer School in High-energy physics and cosmology, Trieste Italy, 29 June-17 July 1998, pg. 326 [hep-ph/9807454] [INSPIRE].
M. Quirós, Finite temperature field theory and phase transitions, in Proceedings, Summer School in High-energy physics and cosmology, Trieste Italy, 22 June-17 July 1998, pg. 187 [hep-ph/9901312] [INSPIRE].
A.G. Cohen, D.B. Kaplan and A.E. Nelson, Weak scale baryogenesis, Phys. Lett. B 245 (1990) 561 [INSPIRE].
A.E. Nelson, D.B. Kaplan and A.G. Cohen, Why there is something rather than nothing: matter from weak interactions, Nucl. Phys. B 373 (1992) 453 [INSPIRE].
M.B. Gavela, P. Hernández, J. Orloff and O. Pene, Standard Model CP-violation and baryon asymmetry, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 9 (1994) 795 [hep-ph/9312215] [INSPIRE].
P. Huet and E. Sather, Electroweak baryogenesis and Standard Model CP-violation, Phys. Rev. D 51 (1995) 379 [hep-ph/9404302] [INSPIRE].
M. Carena, A. Megevand, M. Quirós and C.E.M. Wagner, Electroweak baryogenesis and new TeV fermions, Nucl. Phys. B 716 (2005) 319 [hep-ph/0410352] [INSPIRE].
R. Fok and G.D. Kribs, Four generations, the electroweak phase transition and supersymmetry, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 075023 [arXiv:0803.4207] [INSPIRE].
H. Davoudiasl, I. Lewis and E. Ponton, Electroweak phase transition, Higgs diphoton rate and new heavy fermions, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 093001 [arXiv:1211.3449] [INSPIRE].
M. Fairbairn and P. Grothaus, Baryogenesis and dark matter with vector-like fermions, JHEP 10 (2013) 176 [arXiv:1307.8011] [INSPIRE].
M. Berkooz, Y. Nir and T. Volansky, Baryogenesis from the Kobayashi-Maskawa phase, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 051301 [hep-ph/0401012] [INSPIRE].
I. Baldes, T. Konstandin and G. Servant, A first-order electroweak phase transition in the Standard Model from varying Yukawas, arXiv:1604.04526 [INSPIRE].
I. Baldes, T. Konstandin and G. Servant, Flavor cosmology: dynamical Yukawas in the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism, JHEP 12 (2016) 073 [arXiv:1608.03254] [INSPIRE].
S. Bruggisser, T. Konstandin and G. Servant, CP-violation for electroweak baryogenesis from dynamical CKM matrix, JCAP 11 (2017) 034 [arXiv:1706.08534] [INSPIRE].
B. von Harling and G. Servant, Cosmological evolution of Yukawa couplings: the 5D perspective, JHEP 05 (2017) 077 [arXiv:1612.02447] [INSPIRE].
C. Grojean, G. Servant and J.D. Wells, First-order electroweak phase transition in the Standard Model with a low cutoff, Phys. Rev. D 71 (2005) 036001 [hep-ph/0407019] [INSPIRE].
D.J.H. Chung, A.J. Long and L.-T. Wang, 125 GeV Higgs boson and electroweak phase transition model classes, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 023509 [arXiv:1209.1819] [INSPIRE].
A. Noble and M. Perelstein, Higgs self-coupling as a probe of electroweak phase transition, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 063518 [arXiv:0711.3018] [INSPIRE].
A. Katz and M. Perelstein, Higgs couplings and electroweak phase transition, JHEP 07 (2014) 108 [arXiv:1401.1827] [INSPIRE].
D. Curtin, P. Meade and C.-T. Yu, Testing electroweak baryogenesis with future colliders, JHEP 11 (2014) 127 [arXiv:1409.0005] [INSPIRE].
P. Huang, A.J. Long and L.-T. Wang, Probing the electroweak phase transition with Higgs factories and gravitational waves, Phys. Rev. D 94 (2016) 075008 [arXiv:1608.06619] [INSPIRE].
C.-Y. Chen, J. Kozaczuk and I.M. Lewis, Non-resonant collider signatures of a singlet-driven electroweak phase transition, JHEP 08 (2017) 096 [arXiv:1704.05844] [INSPIRE].
G.W. Anderson and L.J. Hall, The electroweak phase transition and baryogenesis, Phys. Rev. D 45 (1992) 2685 [INSPIRE].
F. Csikor, Z. Fodor and J. Heitger, Endpoint of the hot electroweak phase transition, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 21 [hep-ph/9809291] [INSPIRE].
N. Bizot and M. Frigerio, Fermionic extensions of the Standard Model in light of the Higgs couplings, JHEP 01 (2016) 036 [arXiv:1508.01645] [INSPIRE].
R. Mahbubani and L. Senatore, The minimal model for dark matter and unification, Phys. Rev. D 73 (2006) 043510 [hep-ph/0510064] [INSPIRE].
T. Cohen, J. Kearney, A. Pierce and D. Tucker-Smith, Singlet-doublet dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 85 (2012) 075003 [arXiv:1109.2604] [INSPIRE].
T. Abe, R. Kitano and R. Sato, Discrimination of dark matter models in future experiments, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 095004 [Erratum ibid. D 96 (2017) 019902] [arXiv:1411.1335] [INSPIRE].
A. Basirnia, S. Macaluso and D. Shih, Dark matter and the Higgs in natural SUSY, JHEP 03 (2017) 073 [arXiv:1605.08442] [INSPIRE].
L. Calibbi, A. Mariotti and P. Tziveloglou, Singlet-doublet model: dark matter searches and LHC constraints, JHEP 10 (2015) 116 [arXiv:1505.03867] [INSPIRE].
D.J.H. Chung, B. Garbrecht, M.J. Ramsey-Musolf and S. Tulin, Lepton-mediated electroweak baryogenesis, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 063506 [arXiv:0905.4509] [INSPIRE].
I. Maksymyk, C.P. Burgess and D. London, Beyond S, T and U , Phys. Rev. D 50 (1994) 529 [hep-ph/9306267] [INSPIRE].
F. D’Eramo, Dark matter and Higgs boson physics, Phys. Rev. D 76 (2007) 083522 [arXiv:0705.4493] [INSPIRE].
R. Enberg, P.J. Fox, L.J. Hall, A.Y. Papaioannou and M. Papucci, LHC and dark matter signals of improved naturalness, JHEP 11 (2007) 014 [arXiv:0706.0918] [INSPIRE].
Q.-F. Xiang, X.-J. Bi, P.-F. Yin and Z.-H. Yu, Exploring fermionic dark matter via Higgs precision measurements at the circular electron positron collider, arXiv:1707.03094 [INSPIRE].
D. Egana-Ugrinovic and S. Thomas, Effective theory of Higgs sector vacuum states, arXiv:1512.00144 [INSPIRE].
P. Huet and A.E. Nelson, Electroweak baryogenesis in supersymmetric models, Phys. Rev. D 53 (1996) 4578 [hep-ph/9506477] [INSPIRE].
A. Riotto and M. Trodden, Recent progress in baryogenesis, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 49 (1999) 35 [hep-ph/9901362] [INSPIRE].
K. Kainulainen, T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt and S. Weinstock, First principle derivation of semiclassical force for electroweak baryogenesis, JHEP 06 (2001) 031 [hep-ph/0105295] [INSPIRE].
K. Kainulainen, T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt and S. Weinstock, Semiclassical force for electroweak baryogenesis: three-dimensional derivation, Phys. Rev. D 66 (2002) 043502 [hep-ph/0202177] [INSPIRE].
T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt and S. Weinstock, Transport equations for chiral fermions to order ℏ and electroweak baryogenesis. Part I, Annals Phys. 314 (2004) 208 [hep-ph/0312110] [INSPIRE].
T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt and S. Weinstock, Transport equations for chiral fermions to order ℏ and electroweak baryogenesis. Part II, Annals Phys. 314 (2004) 267 [hep-ph/0406140] [INSPIRE].
M. Carena, M. Quirós, M. Seco and C.E.M. Wagner, Improved results in supersymmetric electroweak baryogenesis, Nucl. Phys. B 650 (2003) 24 [hep-ph/0208043] [INSPIRE].
T. Konstandin, Quantum transport and electroweak baryogenesis, Phys. Usp. 56 (2013) 747 [Usp. Fiz. Nauk 183 (2013) 785] [arXiv:1302.6713] [INSPIRE].
G.D. Moore and M. Tassler, The sphaleron rate in SU(N) gauge theory, JHEP 02 (2011) 105 [arXiv:1011.1167] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline, K. Kainulainen and A.P. Vischer, Dynamics of two Higgs doublet CP-violation and baryogenesis at the electroweak phase transition, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 2451 [hep-ph/9506284] [INSPIRE].
M. D’Onofrio, K. Rummukainen and A. Tranberg, Sphaleron rate in the minimal Standard Model, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 141602 [arXiv:1404.3565] [INSPIRE].
G.F. Giudice and M.E. Shaposhnikov, Strong sphalerons and electroweak baryogenesis, Phys. Lett. B 326 (1994) 118 [hep-ph/9311367] [INSPIRE].
A.G. Cohen, D.B. Kaplan and A.E. Nelson, Debye screening and baryogenesis during the electroweak phase transition, Phys. Lett. B 294 (1992) 57 [hep-ph/9206214] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline and K. Kainulainen, Diffusion and Debye screening near expanding domain walls, Phys. Lett. B 356 (1995) 19 [hep-ph/9506285] [INSPIRE].
P. Huet and A.E. Nelson, CP violation and electroweak baryogenesis in extensions of the Standard Model, Phys. Lett. B 355 (1995) 229 [hep-ph/9504427] [INSPIRE].
M. Joyce, T. Prokopec and N. Turok, Efficient electroweak baryogenesis from lepton transport, Phys. Lett. B 338 (1994) 269 [hep-ph/9401352] [INSPIRE].
M. Joyce, T. Prokopec and N. Turok, Nonlocal electroweak baryogenesis. Part 1: thin wall regime, Phys. Rev. D 53 (1996) 2930 [hep-ph/9410281] [INSPIRE].
S.M. Barr and A. Zee, Electric dipole moment of the electron and of the neutron, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 (1990) 21 [Erratum ibid. 65 (1990) 2920] [INSPIRE].
ACME collaboration, J. Baron et al., Order of magnitude smaller limit on the electric dipole moment of the electron, Science 343 (2014) 269 [arXiv:1310.7534] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2015 results XIII. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 594 (2016) A13 [arXiv:1502.01589] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline, M. Joyce and K. Kainulainen, Supersymmetric electroweak baryogenesis, JHEP 07 (2000) 018 [hep-ph/0006119] [INSPIRE].
T. Konstandin, T. Prokopec, M.G. Schmidt and M. Seco, MSSM electroweak baryogenesis and flavor mixing in transport equations, Nucl. Phys. B 738 (2006) 1 [hep-ph/0505103] [INSPIRE].
ALEPH collaboration, A. Heister et al., Search for charginos nearly mass degenerate with the lightest neutralino in e + e − collisions at center-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV, Phys. Lett. B 533 (2002) 223 [hep-ex/0203020] [INSPIRE].
LEPSUSYWG, ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL collaborations, Joint SUSY working group collaboration webpage, http://lepsusy.web.cern.ch/lepsusy/Welcome.html.
CMS collaboration, Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=7,\;8 \) and 13 TeV, JHEP 02(2017) 135 [arXiv:1610.09218] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Constraints on new phenomena via Higgs boson couplings and invisible decays with the ATLAS detector, JHEP 11 (2015) 206 [arXiv:1509.00672] [INSPIRE].
P. Schwaller and J. Zurita, Compressed electroweakino spectra at the LHC, JHEP 03 (2014) 060 [arXiv:1312.7350] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in multilepton final states in pp collision data at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, CMS-PAS-SUS-16-039, CERN, Geneva Switzerland, (2016).
CMS collaboration, Search for electroweak SUSY production in multilepton final states in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV with 12.9 fb −1, CMS-PAS-SUS-16-024, CERN, Geneva Switzerland, (2016).
CMS collaboration, Search for new physics in the compressed mass spectra scenario using events with two soft opposite-sign leptons and missing transverse momentum at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV, CMS-PAS-SUS-16-025,CERN,GenevaSwitzerland,(2016).
ATLAS collaboration, Search for supersymmetry with two and three leptons and missing transverse momentum in the final state at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV with the ATLAS detector, ATLAS-CONF-2016-096, CERN, Geneva Switzerland, (2016).
ATLAS collaboration, Search for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in the two and three lepton final state at \( \sqrt{s}=13 \) TeV with the ATLAS detector, ATLAS-CONF-2017-039, CERN, Geneva Switzerland, (2017).
A. Alloul, N.D. Christensen, C. Degrande, C. Duhr and B. Fuks, FeynRules 2.0 — a complete toolbox for tree-level phenomenology, Comput. Phys. Commun. 185 (2014) 2250 [arXiv:1310.1921] [INSPIRE].
J. Alwall et al., The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections and their matching to parton shower simulations, JHEP 07 (2014) 079 [arXiv:1405.0301] [INSPIRE].
D. Dercks, N. Desai, J.S. Kim, K. Rolbiecki, J. Tattersall and T. Weber, CheckMATE 2: from the model to the limit, Comput. Phys. Commun. 221 (2017) 383 [arXiv:1611.09856] [INSPIRE].
D. Curtin, P. Meade and H. Ramani, Thermal resummation and phase transitions, arXiv:1612.00466 [INSPIRE].
M.E. Peskin and T. Takeuchi, A new constraint on a strongly interacting Higgs sector, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 (1990) 964 [INSPIRE].
M.E. Peskin and T. Takeuchi, Estimation of oblique electroweak corrections, Phys. Rev. D 46 (1992) 381 [INSPIRE].
B. Batell, S. Jung and C.E.M. Wagner, Very light charginos and Higgs decays, JHEP 12 (2013) 075 [arXiv:1309.2297] [INSPIRE].
Gfitter Group collaboration, M. Baak et al., The global electroweak fit at NNLO and prospects for the LHC and ILC, Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 3046 [arXiv:1407.3792] [INSPIRE].
H.H. Patel, Package-X: a Mathematica package for the analytic calculation of one-loop integrals, Comput. Phys. Commun. 197 (2015) 276 [arXiv:1503.01469] [INSPIRE].
H.H. Patel, Package-X 2.0: a Mathematica package for the analytic calculation of one-loop integrals, Comput. Phys. Commun. 218 (2017) 66 [arXiv:1612.00009] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1707.02306
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Egana-Ugrinovic, D. The minimal fermionic model of electroweak baryogenesis. J. High Energ. Phys. 2017, 64 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2017)064
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2017)064