Abstract
Chronic exposure to solar radiation could contribute to premature skin aging and skin cancer. Skin presents its own antioxidant defense, however when defenses are out of balance, reactive oxygen species could damage biological structures. In the present work, an oil-in-water photoprotective emulsion was developed and Bauhinia microstachya var. massambabensis Vaz, Fabaceae, extracts at 1% (obtained by extraction with different solvents) were added to this emulsion. In vitro and in vivo efficacy and safety of the formulations were evaluated. Spectrophotometric methods and in vivo Colipa test were performed to evaluated efficacy of the formulations, through sun protection factor (SPF) determination and UVA protection factor assessment. To the in vitro safety assessment HET-CAM, CAM-TBS and Red Blood Cell tests were performed. Results showed that both extracts contributed to a higher in vivo photoprotection (SPF 18) when compared to the formulation without extract ( SPF 13), this result could be attributed to the antioxidant activity of the plant extracts that act by capturing reactive oxygen species. Concerning safety, all formulations were considered non-irritant according to in vitro tests. Formulations containing extracts could be considered efficient and safe for cosmetic use since they presented higher sun protection factor and passed the toxicity tests.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to acknowledge the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (MCTI-CNPq), Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support in Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the financial support.
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MCPPRM (MSc student), contributed to the development of the formulations, efficacy and safety testing; CCC and ABV, efficacy testing; RSS, and OAFP, safety testing; AACL. Photostability studies, SGLand GGL, plant collection, drying and preparation of plant extracts; ERJ and EPS, development of the formulations.
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Mansur, M.C.P.P.R., Leitão, S.G., Cerqueira-Coutinho, C. et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of efficacy and safety of photoprotective formulations containing antioxidant extracts. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 26, 251–258 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.11.006
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.11.006