Abstract
The existing plant trait databases’ applicability is limited for studies dealing with the flora and vegetation of the eastern and central part of Europe and for large-scale comparisons across regions, mostly because their geographical data coverage is limited and they incorporate records from several different sources, often from regions with markedly different climatic conditions. These problems motivated the compilation of a regional dataset for the flora of the Pannonian region (Eastern Central Europe). PADAPT, the Pannonian Dataset of Plant Traits relies on regional data sources and collates data on 54 traits and attributes of the plant species of the Pannonian region. The current version covers approximately 90% of the species of the region and consists of 126,337 records on 2745 taxa. By including species of the eastern part of Europe not covered by other databases, PADAPT can facilitate studying the flora and vegetation of the eastern part of the continent. Although data coverage is far from complete, PADAPT meets the longstanding need for a regional database of the Pannonian flora.
Similar content being viewed by others
Background & Summary
The trait-based approach has been significantly advancing our ecological and evolutionary understanding in various fields of research including vegetation science1,2. To support trait-based analyses with suitable data, several international plant trait databases have been established in the last decades. Some of them compile data for a wide range of traits at the regional scale, e.g., BiolFlor for the German flora3, LEDA for Northwest Europe4, BROT for the flora of the Mediterranean5, or AusTraits for the Australian flora6. Other databases provide data for a specific group of traits at the global scale, e.g., SID, the Seed Information Database7, D3, the Dispersal and Diaspore Database8, and SylvanSeeds, a germination database of deciduous forests9. There are also databases covering not only the traits and attributes of the flora of a region but also its vegetation, such as PLADIAS, the Database of the Czech Flora and Vegetation10. TRY11, the most frequently used (meta-)database, incorporates several databases, thus providing a global coverage for numerous plant traits.
Although data on a broad range of traits can be relatively easily retrieved from these databases, the fact that they incorporate records from several different sources, often from regions with markedly different climatic conditions, sometimes also with varying measurement standards is a shortcoming for certain analyses. Climate and local abiotic conditions can cause substantial intraspecific trait variability12, which renders the application of such broad-scale databases problematic for regional-scale studies. Moreover, the existing European databases’ geographical coverage is limited and mostly focused either on the flora of the western and north-western part of Europe, or on the southern, mostly Mediterranean parts of the continent5,13.
Our dataset aims to cover the flora of the Pannonian biogeographic region which is situated in the eastern part of Central Europe surrounded by the Carpathians, the Alps, and the Dinaric Mountains. For the purpose of the dataset, we considered the Pannonian biogeographic region in the broadest sense; thus, we considered all areas included in any one of the overlapping territories of the Pannonian vegetation region, the Pannonicum floristic region or the Pannonian biogeographic region recognised by the European Union (for an overview see Fekete et al.14). The whole territory of Hungary is included in this region, along with some rather small, typically lowland areas of Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, and Ukraine. Our main reason for choosing the described region was that the territory of Hungary does not match with any (bio)geographical region, and it is more reasonable and meaningful for the dataset to cover a biogeographical region rather than a political entity such as a country.
Due to the above-mentioned geographical focus of the existing databases, a great proportion of the Pannonian flora is not represented in them. These problems limit the applicability of the existing databases for not just studies of the Pannonian flora and vegetation, but for studies in the eastern and central part of the continent in general, and also for studies attempting large-scale comparisons across regions.
The above-mentioned issues have motivated the compilation of a dataset focusing on the Pannonian flora. Here, we introduce PADAPT 1.0, the Pannonian Dataset of Plant Traits, which relies on regional data sources and collates data on a wide range of traits and attributes of the Pannonian flora and makes it broadly available to the international scientific community.
PADAPT 1.0 provides regionally collected data and covers a high number of species with continental, Balkanic, and Pontic distributions; thus, it will promote studies of the flora and vegetation of not only the Pannonian region, but also the whole eastern half of the continent. The new dataset highlights data gaps, facilitates their targeted filling and promotes the exploration of intraspecific trait variability. Data collection will continue in the future and the PADAPT team welcomes any researcher interested in contributing to PADAPT with new regional data. In the coming years we expect to release PADAPT 2.0 complemented with additional attributes and further species.
Methods
The checklist of taxa was based on the checklist of the Distribution atlas of vascular plants of Hungary15 which is constantly being updated with the species newly discovered in the country and therefore it is the most up-to-date checklist of the flora of Hungary. We adopted the checklist of the distribution atlas as of 1st January 2020, and then we used this checklist to harmonise the data coming from different sources. The current version of the dataset, PADAPT 1.0 only includes species of the Pannonian region that occur within the territory of Hungary, but trait measurements were in part carried out on specimens collected outside of Hungary16,17. As several of the data sources do not distinguish between subspecies, subspecies are generally not distinguished in the dataset either, except in cases when just one subspecies occurs in Hungary (e.g., Astragalus vesicarius subsp. albidus).
Along with the initialisation of collecting existing data, the PADAPT team started a sampling campaign in the Pannonian region to allow for measurements of leaf traits and seed mass in order to expand the range of existing trait data. The PADAPT protocol for measuring seed mass and leaf traits was based on data standards for LEDA4 and the protocols by Perez-Harguindeguy et al.18. These trait data have already been published16,17 and resulted in new leaf trait records for 1156 species16 and new thousand-seed mass (TSM) data for 281 species17 that have been incorporated into PADAPT.
To incorporate in the dataset, we considered data published in books and peer reviewed articles. There are four exceptions: the IUCN Red List category of species, and Conservation status (in Hungary), Conservation value (HUF), and Year of protection (in Hungary) which are based on a ministerial decree currently in force in Hungary (see Table 1). To reduce the effect of intraspecific variability and different climatic conditions in other regions, we aimed to focus on trait data measured in the Pannonian region and did not consider publications which contain trait data for the species in the PADAPT checklist but from different regions. Some of the attributes are based on a single data source, while for some other attributes we collated data from several different published sources (see Tables 1, 2). The dataset includes multiple columns for traits for which we have data from multiple sources (thousand-seed mass, seed bank persistence, and all leaf traits). The published sources that were used to collect the data differ in their approach regarding the presentation of the measured values. Some of them only present the mean of multiple measurements (e.g., the mean of three leaves of each of ten individuals), while some of them contain more data points per species (e.g., presenting the means of leaves coming from different individuals separately). We decided to unify the approaches of the different sources by taking one mean value per data source per species. In most cases it results in one data point per species per locality. We applied a different approach only with chromosome numbers and ploidy levels because these data originate from 33 different published sources and most of these sources contain data for only a very limited set of the species.
In case of seed mass category, we were able to categorise further species into the system of Csontos19 based on recent publications containing data from seed mass measurements carried out in Hungary20,21. Seed bank persistence index was calculated as the ratio of data indicating a persistent soil seed bank with a value from 0 to 1, where zero means that all available published data indicates a transient seed bank, and 1 means that all data indicates a persistent seed bank. In case of dispersal strategy, species that have not been evaluated by Sádlo et al.22 were categorised into the same dispersal strategies according to the descriptions provided in Sádlo et al.22. Some of the species previously not categorised into Soó’s and Borhidi’s phytosociogical system23,24 were also assigned a phytosociological category based on literature data (see Table 1).
A trait or attribute was included in PADAPT if appropriate data was available for it for a considerable proportion of the checklist and if it was considered meaningful for future ecological studies. After all these considerations, we have compiled the dataset based on 109 published sources (Tables 1, 2).
Data Records
The current version, PADAPT 1.0 consists of 126,337 individual records on 2745 taxa based on 109 different published sources. There are 54 attributes included in PADAPT. A summary of all the included traits and attributes is presented in Tables 1, 2. The dataset is available from figshare25 (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21937157.v2) and the dataset file25 also includes a short explanation and data sources for every attribute.
Technical Validation
Data included in PADAPT are based on published sources (peer-reviewed journal articles and books). Experts of the respective field were involved in the data compilation for every attribute to obtain greater accuracy and reliability. After the compilation of the dataset, all attributes were checked for errors by looking for abnormal values and outliers. In some cases, the issues were resolved by checking the original publications again or asking the author(s). Presumably erroneous values were omitted from the dataset. Despite the measures taken to attain high reliability, the occurrence of errors in the dataset is still possible and we encourage users to report any errors to the authors.
The PADAPT protocol for measuring seed mass and leaf traits was based on data standards for LEDA4 and the protocols by Perez-Harguindeguy et al.18 to ensure that the recently obtained trait data16,17 included in PADAPT are reliable and comparable to other databases.
The current version (1.0) includes only the species that can be found in the territory of Hungary. Although the number of species in the Pannonian flora is not established in the literature, we estimate that approximately 90% of the flora of the region is already represented in the current version.
Usage Notes
Besides the dataset reposited in figshare25, data presented here is also available in an interactive form at the website www.padapt.eu.
All data included in PADAPT 1.0 are public, but the present paper should be appropriately referenced when using the data.
Code availability
No code was used to generate or process the data presented in this manuscript.
References
Lavorel, S. & Garnier, É. Predicting changes in community composition and ecosystem functioning from plant traits: revisiting the Holy Grail. Funct. Ecol. 16, 545–556 (2002).
Török, P., Bullock, J. M., Jiménez-Alfaro, B. & Sonkoly, J. The importance of dispersal and species establishment in vegetation dynamics and resilience. J. Veg. Sci. 31, 935–942 (2020).
Kühn, I., Durka, W. & Klotz, S. BiolFlor: a new plant-trait database as a tool for plant invasion ecology. Divers. Distrib. 10, 363–365 (2004).
Kleyer, M. et al. The LEDA Traitbase: a database of life-history traits of the Northwest European flora. J. Ecol. 96, 1266–1274 (2008).
Tavşanoğlu, Ç. & Pausas, J. G. A functional trait database for Mediterranean Basin plants. Sci. Data 5, 1–18 (2018).
Falster, D. et al. AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora. Sci. Data 8, 1–20 (2021).
Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Seed Information Database (SID), version 7.1. http://data.kew.org/sid/ (2022).
Hintze, C. et al. D3: the dispersal and diaspore database–baseline data and statistics on seed dispersal. Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 15, 180–192 (2013).
Fernández-Pascual, E. SylvanSeeds, a seed germination database for temperate deciduous forests. J. Veg. Sci. 32, e12960 (2021).
Chytrý, M. et al. Pladias Database of the Czech flora and vegetation. Preslia 93, 1–87 (2021).
Kattge, J. et al. TRY plant trait database–enhanced coverage and open access. Glob. Chang. Biol. 26, 119–188 (2020).
Albert, C. H. et al. A multi-trait approach reveals the structure and the relative importance of intra vs. interspecific variability in plant traits. Funct. Ecol. 24, 1192–1201 (2010).
Cerabolini, B. E. et al. Can CSR classification be generally applied outside Britain? Plant Ecol. 210, 253–261 (2010).
Fekete, G. & Király, G. & Molnár, Zs. Delineation of the Pannonian vegetation region. Comm. Ecol. 17, 114–124 (2016).
Bartha, D., Bán, M., Schmidt, D. & Tiborcz, V. Vascular plants of Hungary online database (http://floraatlasz.uni-sopron.hu) Department of Botany and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Forestry, Sopron University (2022)
McIntosh-Buday, A. et al. New data of plant leaf traits from Central Europe. Data Br. 42, 108286 (2022).
Törő-Szijgyártó et al. New thousand-seed weight dataset for plant species of Central Europe. Data Br. 48, 109081 (2023).
Perez-Harguindeguy, N. et al. Corrigendum to: new handbook for standardised measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. Aust. J. Bot. 64, 715–716 (2016).
Csontos, P. A természetes magbank kutatásának módszerei (Scientia Kiadó, 2001).
Török, P. et al. New thousand-seed weight records of the Pannonian flora and their application in analysing social behaviour types. Acta Bot. Hung. 55, 429–472 (2013).
Török, P. et al. New measurements of thousand-seed weight of species in the Pannonian Flora. Acta Bot. Hung. 58, 187–198 (2016).
Sádlo, J., Chytrý, M., Pergl, J. & Pyšek, P. Plant dispersal strategies: a new classification based on the multiple dispersal modes of individual species. Preslia 90, 1–22 (2018).
Soó, R. A magyar flóra és vegetáció rendszertani-növényföldrajzi kézikönyve, I–VI. (Akadémiai Kiadó, 1964-1980).
Borhidi, A. Social behaviour types, the naturalness and relative ecological indicator values of the higher plants in the Hungarian Flora. Acta Bot. Hung. 39, 97–181 (1995).
Sonkoly, J. et al. PADAPT 1.0 – the Pannonian Dataset of Plant Traits. figshare. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21937157.v3 (2023).
Király, G. Új magyar füvészkönyv. Magyarország hajtásos növényei. Határozókulcsok. [New Hungarian Herbal. The Vascular Plants of Hungary. Identification key.] (Aggteleki Nemzeti Park Igazgatóság, 2009).
Ujvárosi, M. Gyomnövények (Mezőgazdasági Kiadó, 1973).
Botta-Dukát, Z., Bartha, D., Dancza, I., Lukács, B. A. & Pinke, G. Adaptation of life form categorization of Ellenberg and Mueller-Dombois to the Hungarian flora. Acta Bot. Hung. 65, 1–34 (2023).
Schermann, S. Magismeret I-II. (Akadémiai Kiadó, 1967).
Csontos, P., Tamás, J. & Balogh, L. Thousand seed weight records of species from the flora of Hungary, I. Monocotyledonopsida. Stud. Bot. Hung. 34, 121–126 (2003).
Csontos, P., Tamás, J. & Balogh, L. Thousand seed weight records of species from the flora of Hungary, II. Dicotyledonopsida. Stud. Bot. Hung. 38, 179–189 (2007).
Csontos, P., Kalapos, T. & Tamás, J. Comparison of seed longevity for thirty forest, grassland and weed species of the Central European Flora: Results of a seed burial experiment. Polish J. Ecol. 64, 313–326 (2016).
Matus, G., Tóthmérész, B. & Papp, M. Restoration prospects of abandoned species-rich sandy grasslands in Hungary. Appl. Veg. Sci. 6, 169–178 (2003).
Valkó, O., Török, P., Tóthmérész, B. & Matus, G. Restoration potential in seed banks of acidic fen and dry‐mesophilous meadows: can restoration be based on local seed banks? Rest. Ecol. 19, 9–15 (2011).
Török, P. A magkészlet szerepe mészkerülő gyepek rehabilitációjában. (PhD dissertation, Debreceni Egyetem, 2008)
Tóth, K. A magbank szerepe a természetes gyepek diverzitásának fenntartásában és a gyepregenerációban. (PhD dissertation, Debreceni Egyetem, 2015).
Bódis, J. et al. Biological flora of Central Europe Himantoglossum adriaticum H. Baumann. PPEES 40, 125461 (2019).
Canne, J. M. Determinations of chromosome numbers in Viola (Violaceae). Can. J. Bot. 65, 653–655 (1987).
de Castro, D. Novas numeros de cromosomas para o genero Cytisus L. Agronomia Lusitana 11, 85–89 (1949).
Ciocarlan, V. Flora Ilustrata a Romaniei (Editura CERES, 2009)
Dvořak, F. Study of chromosomes of Angiosperms 5. Scripta Fac. Sci. Nat. UJEP Brun., Biol. l, 9–30 (1977).
D’Emerico, S., Paciola, C. & Tomasi, F. Contribution to the karyomorphology of some species of the genus Quercus. Silvae Genetica 49, 243–245 (2000).
Dönmez, A. A. The genus Crataegus L. (Rosaceae) with special reference to hybridisation and biodiversity in Turkey. Turk. J. Bot. 28, 29–37 (2004).
Forissier, R. IOPB Chromosome number reports XLVII. Taxon 24, 143-146. & 671–678 (1973).
Forissier, R. Recherches cytotaxonomiques préliminaires sur les genres Lembotropis, Cytisus, Chamaecytisus, Genista et Chamaespartium. Bulletin de la Société Neuchâteloise des Sciences Naturelles 96, 51–65 (1973).
Gilot, J. Contribution à l’étude cytotaxonomique des Genisteae et des Loteae. Cellule 65, 317–347 (1965).
Gregor, T. & Hand, R. Chromosomenzahlen von Farn- und Samenpflanzen aus Deutschland. Kochia 8, 63–70 (2014).
Holubová-Klásková, A. Bemerkungen zur Gliederung der Gattung Cytisus L. s.l. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biolgica 2, 1–23 (1964).
Kole, C. Forest Trees (Springer, 2007)
Kovanda, M. Polyploidy and variation in the Campanula rotundifolia complex. Part II (Taxonomic). 2. Revision of the groups Saxicolae, Lanceolatae and Alpicolae in Czechoslovakia and adjacent regions. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica 5, 171–208 (1970).
Majure, C. L. et al. Phylogeny of Opuntia s.s. (Cactaceae): Clade delineation, geographic origins, and reticulate evolution. Amer. J. Bot. 99, 847–864 (2012).
Löve, Á. IOPB chromosome number reports XLII. Taxon 22, 647–654 (1973).
Májovsky, J. & Murin, A. Karyotaxonomický Prehľad Flóry Slovenska (Veda, 1987).
Moore, D. M. Flora Europaea Check-list and Chromosome Index. (Cambridge University Press, 1982).
McKelvey, S. D. & Sax, K. Taxonomic and cytological relationships of Yucca and Agave. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 14, 76–81 (1933).
Moulanis, D. & Illies, Z. M. Vergleichende zytologische Untersuchungen der Chromosomenstruktur von Abies borisii-regis Mattf., A. cephalonica Loud, und A. alba Mill. Silvae Genetica 24, 115–118 (1975).
Nebel, B. R. Chromosome counts in Vitis and Pyrus. Amer. Natur. 63, 188–189 (1929).
Németh, C. Sorbus pelsoensis (Sorbus subgenus Tormaria), a new species from the surroundings of Lake Balaton, Hungary. Stud. Bot. Hung. 46, 49–60 (2015).
Ohri, D. & Ahuja, M. R. Giemsa C-banded karyotype in Quercus L. (oak). Silvae Genetica 39, 216–219 (1990).
Paule, J. et al. Chromosome numbers of the flora of Germany – a new online database of georeferenced chromosome counts and flow cytometric ploidy estimates. Plant Syst. Evol. 303, 1123–1129 (2017).
Pinkava, D. J. & McLeod, M. G. Chromosome numbers in some cacti of western North America. Brittonia 23, 171–176 (1971).
Rice, A. et al. The Chromosome Counts Database (CCDB) – a community resource of plant chromosome numbers. New Phytol. 206, 19–26 (2014).
Dos Santos, A. C. Algumas contagens de Cromosomas nos Géneros Genista L. e Cytisus L. Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana 19, 519–522 (1944).
Scaltsoyiannes, A., Tsaktsira, M. & Drouzas, A. D. Allozyme differentiation in the Mediterranean firs (Abies, Pinaceae). A first comparative study with phylogenetic implications. Plant Syst. Evol. 216, 289–307 (1999).
Sennikov, A. N. & Kurtto, A. A phylogenetic checklist of Sorbus s.l. (Rosaceae) in Europe. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 93, 1–78 (2017).
Sochor, M., Trávníček, B. & Király, G. Ploidy level variation in the genus Rubus in the Pannonian Basin and the northern Balkans, and evolutionary implications. Plant Syst. Evol. 305, 611–626 (2019).
Sramkó, G. et al. Molecular phylogenetics, seed morphometrics, chromosome number evolution and systematics of European Elatine L. (Elatinaceae) species. PeerJ 4, e2800 (2016).
Siljak, S. Basic data on the chromosome complement of the Acer tataricum L. I.er Symposium of Biosystematic in Yougoslavia Proceedings 139–144 (1971).
Zaldos, V., Papes, D., Brown, S. C., Panaus, O. & Siljak-Yakovlev, S. Genome size and base composition of seven Quercus species: inter and intra-population variation. Genome 41, 162–168 (1998).
Horváth, F. et al. Flóra Adatbázis 1.2. Taxon-lista és attribútum állomány. [Flora database 1.2, List of taxa and attributes.] (MTA ÖBKI 1995).
Bagi, I. & Székely, Á. Az Elymus elongatus (Host) Runemark, magas tarackbúza előfordulása a Kiskunság déli részén - a korábbi lelőhelyek rövid áttekintés. Bot. Közl. 93, 77–92 (2006).
Barina, Z., Somogyi, G. & Pifkó, D. Typification of names in the Dianthus plumarius group in the Carpatho-Pannonian region. Taxon 69, 161–169 (2020).
Bátori, Z., Erdős, L. & Somlyay, L. Euphorbia prostrata (Euphorbiaceae), a new alien in the Carpathian Basin. Acta Bot. Hung. 54, 235–243 (2012).
Bauer, N. & Somlyay, L. A Crepis mollis (Jacq.) Asch. subsp. hieracioides (Waldst. & Kit.) Domin újrafelfedezése Magyarországon/Rediscovery of Crepis mollis (Jacq.) Asch. subsp. hieracioides (Waldst. & Kit.) Domin in Hungary. Kitaibelia 20, 150–156 (2015).
Czimber, G., Varga, Z. & Radics, L. Új mediterrán fajok a hazai gyomflórában: a fehér kányazsázsa (Diplotaxis erucoides (Torner) DC.). Növénytermelés 57, 253–265 (2008).
Csecserits, A. & Barabás, S. A labodalevelű szárnyaslibatop (Cycloloma atriplicifolia) újabb előfordulása a Kiskunság északi részén. Kitaibelia 25, 107–108 (2020).
Csiky, J. A Cuscuta approximata Babington Magyarországon (Cuscutaceae Dumort.). Kitaibelia 8, 75–80 (2003).
Csiky, J. et al. A Cirsium boujartii (Pill. et Mitterp.) Schultz Bip. újrafelfedezése Magyarországon/Rediscovery of Cirsium boujartii (Pill. et Mitterp.) Schultz Bip. in Hungary. Flora Pannonica 3, 69–78 (2005).
Csiky, J., Mesterházy, A., Szalontai, B. & Pótó-Oláh, E. A morphological study of Ceratophyllum tanaiticum, a species new to the flora of Hungary. Preslia 82, 247–259 (2010).
Dancza, I., Hoffmann, Z. P. & Doma, C. Cyperus esculentus (yellow nutsedge) - a new weed in Hungary. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 19, 223–229 (2004).
Dítě, D., Eliáš, P. & Király, G. Dactylorhiza lapponica (Laest. ex Hartm.) Soó, a new taxon for Hungary. Flora Pannonica 4, 91–97 (2006).
Fekete, R., Mesterházy, A., Valkó, O. & Molnár, V. A. A hitchhiker from the beach: the spread of the maritime halophyte Cochlearia danica along salted continental roads. Preslia 90, 23–37 (2018).
Hroudová, Z., Zákravský, P., Ducháček, M. & Marhold, K. Taxonomy, distribution and ecology of Bolboschoenus in Europe. Annales Botanici Fennici 44, 81–102 (2007).
Kerényi-Nagy, V. in Magyarország ritka fa- és cserjefajainak atlasza. (ed. Bartha D.) Piros áltermésű ritka galagonyafajok – Crataegus spp. (Kossuth Kiadó, 2012).
Király, G. Kiegészítések a magyar adventív-flóra ismeretéhez II. Az Epilobium ciliatum Rafin. Magyarországon. Flora Pannonica 3, 27–39 (2005).
Király, G. & Király, A. Az Agrimonia procera Wallr. előfordulása Magyarországon. Flora Pannonica 2, 7–24 (2004).
Király, G. & Király, A. Adatok és kiegészítések a magyar flóra ismeretéhez III. Botanikai Közlemények 105, 27–96 (2018).
Király, G., Steták, D. & Bányász, Á. in Biological Invasions – from Ecology to Conservation (eds. Rabitsch, W., Essl F. & Klingenstein F.) Spread of invasive macrophytes in Hungary (Neobiota 7, 123-130, 2008).
Király, G. et al. Remote locality of the littoral Carex extensa (Cyperaceae) in Hungary — long distance dispersal from coastal to inland salt marshes. Biologia 68, 872–878 (2013).
Király, G. et al. Taxonomical and chorological notes 10 (98–110). Stud. Bot. Hung. 50, 391–407 (2019).
Korda, M. Újabb adat a magyar adventívflóra ismeretéhez: az Allium paradoxum (M. Bieb.) G. Don 1827 Magyarországon. Kitaibelia 18, 31–34 (2013).
Kovács, D. & Mesterházy, A. A Ceratochloa (DC. et P. Beauv.) Hack. alnemzetség (Bromus L., Poaceae) hazai története és elterjedése. Kitaibelia 20, 44–47 (2015).
Kun, A. Az Apium repens császártöltési állományának monitorozása (2006–2015). Kitaibelia 24, 1–8 (2019).
Mandák, B. & Prach, K. Cycloloma atriplicifolia, a new alien species in Hungary. Preslia 73, 153–160 (2001).
Mesterházy, A., Király, G. & Wallnöfer, B. On the occurrence of Carex randalpina B. Wallnöfer (Cyperaceae) in Hungary. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Serie B für Botanik und Zoologie 112, 177–180 (2011).
Mesterházy, A. et al. Taxonomical and chorological notes 5 (59–68). Stud. Bot. Hung. 48, 263–275 (2017).
Molnár V., A. Magyarország orchideáinak atlasza (Kossuth Kiadó, 2011).
Molnár, C. & Juhász, M. Az alacsony libatop (Chenopodium pumilio R.Br.) Zuglóban és új adatok Északkelet-Magyarország idegenhonos fajainak elterjedéséhez. Kitaibelia 21, 221–226 (2016).
Mosolygó-L, Á. et al. Molecular genetic evidence for allotetraploid hybrid speciation in the genus Crocus L. (Iridaceae). Phytotaxa 258, 121–136 (2016).
Pal, R. W. Echinaria capitata (Seslerieae, poaceae), a new grass species for the Hungarian flora. Acta Bot. Hung. 53, 175–180 (2011).
Partosfalvi, P., Madarász, J. & Dancza, I. Az ázsiai gyapjúfű (Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth) megjelenése Magyarországon. Növényvédelem 44, 297–304 (2008).
Pifkó, D. Adatok a hazai Chamaecytisus fajok ismeretéhez I. Flora Pannonica 2, 25–36 (2004).
Pinke, G., Czimber, G. & Pál, R. A Chorispora tenella (Pall.) DC. a Szigetközben. Kitaibelia 4, 287–288 (1999).
Pinke, G., Pál, R., Király, G., Szendrődi, V. & Mesterházy, A. The occurrence and habitat conditions of Anthoxanthum puelii Lecoq & Lamotte and other Atlantic-Mediterranean weed species in Hungary. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz Sonderheft 20, 587–596 (2006).
Pinke, G., Molnár, S., Garamvölgyi, V. & Barina, Z. The first occurrence of Euphorbia davidii in Hungary. (Új gyomnövény Magyarországon a Dávid-Kutyatej (Euphorbia davidii Subils)). Növényvédelem 48, 117–120 (2012).
Simon, T. A magyarországi edényes flóra határozója (Tankönyvkiadó, 1992).
Simon, T. A havasi varázslófű (Circaea alpina L.) hazai cönológiája. Bot. Közl. 88, 107–116 (2001).
Simon, T. & Podani, J. Régi-új faj, az Euphorbia segetalis L. a magyar flórában. Kitaibelia 12, 121–123 (2007).
Solymosi, P. A magyarországi adventív flóra lappangó faja a sárgás varjúláb [Coronopus didymus (L.) Smith]. Növényvédelem 52, 598–599 (2016).
Somlyay, L. Occurrence of Chamaesyce glyptosperma, and a survey of the genus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae) in Hungary. Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis Hungarici 101, 23–32 (2009).
Štech, M. et al. Calamagrostis purpurea (Poaceae) – A long neglected boreal element, new for the flora of Austria. Neilreichia - Zeitschrift für Pflanzensystematik und Floristik Österreichs 11, 133–152 (2020).
Takács, A. et al. Taxonomical and chorological notes 3 (28–37). Stud. Bot. Hung. 47, 345–357 (2016).
Vidéki, R. Cycloloma atriplicifolia (Spreng.) J. M. Coulter és Salsola collina Pallas Magyarországon/Cycloloma atriplicifolia (Spreng.) J. M. Coulter und Salsola collina Pallas in Ungarn. Flora Pannonica 3, 121–134 (2005).
Virók, V. & Farkas, R. Új növényfaj a hazai edényes flórában: a Haller-kövifoszlár (Cardaminopsis halleri (L.) Hayek). Kitaibelia 13, 29–33 (2008).
Vojtkó, A. Mirigyes fodorka (Asplenium lepidum C. Presl.) előfordulása a Bükk-hegységben. Kitaibelia 1, 25 (1996).
Wilhalm, T. Digitaria ciliaris in Europe. Willdenowia 39, 247–259 (2009).
Wirth, T. & Gyergyák, K. Az Asparagus verticillatus L. Magyarországon. Kitaibelia 20, 38–43 (2015).
Wolf, M. A. & Király, G. Euphorbia serpens (Euphorbiaceae), a new alien apecies in Hungary. Acta Bot. Hung. 56, 243–250 (2014).
Csiky, J. et al. Checklit of alien vascular plants in Hungary and their invasion biological characteristics. Acta Bot. Hung. 65, 53–72 (2023).
Király G. Vörös Lista. A magyarországi edényes flóra veszélyeztetett fajai./Red List of the Vascular Flora of Hungary. Sopron, 2007)
Simon, T. A hazai edényes flóra természetvédelmi-érték besorolása. Abstracta Botanica 12, 1–23 (1988).
Ellenberg, H. et al. Zeigerwerte von pflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Scripta Geobotanica 18 (1991).
Zólyomi, B. et al. Einreihung von 1400 Arten der ungarischen Flora in ökologische Gruppen nach TWR-Zahlen. Fragm. Bot. Mus. Hist. Nat. Hung 4, 101–142 (1967).
Lhotsky, B., Csecserits, A., Kovács, B. & Botta-Dukát, Z. New plant trait records of the Hungarian flora. Acta Bot. Hung. 58, 397–400 (2016).
E-Vojtkó, A. et al. Leaf trait records of vascular plant species in the Pannonian flora with special focus on endemics and rarities. Folia Geobot. 55, 73–79 (2020).
Gyalus, A. et al. Plant trait records of the Hungarian and Serbian flora and methodological description of some hardly measurable plant species. Acta Bot. Hung. 64, 451–454 (2022).
Acknowledgements
We are very grateful for the detailed comments of our reviewers and especially for the helpful input and suggestions of the Chief Editor. We are grateful for Patricia Díaz Cando, Kata Frei, Alexandra Tomasovszky and Viktória Törő-Szijgyártó for their help in trait measurements. The authors and/or the dataset building project were supported by NKFIH: PD 137747 (JS), KH 130320 (ET), K 119225 (PT), FK 142428 (ZB), K 137573 (PT), KKP 144068 (PT), PD 138859 (AL), PD 137828 (AT) and PD 138715 (VL). JS, AK and ZB were supported by the Bolyai János Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (BO/00587/23/8, BO/00713/19 and BO/00298/21, respectively). AAH was supported by the New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology of Hungary (UNKP-21-3-SZTE-389). JS was supported by the ÚNKP-23-5 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund. The work of GJ was supported by the Climate Change Hungarian National Laboratory RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00014, the project NKFIH 129167 and KKP 144209. This project has received funding from the HUN-REN Hungarian Research Network.
Funding
Open access funding provided by University of Debrecen.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
P.T. conceived the idea of the dataset and led the work of the consortium; all authors contributed with data; J.S. and E.T. coordinated the compilation of the data; J.S. coordinated the construction of the website; J.S. and P.T. wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors contributed critically to the draft and gave final approval for publication.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
Sonkoly, J., Tóth, E., Balogh, N. et al. PADAPT 1.0 – the Pannonian Dataset of Plant Traits. Sci Data 10, 742 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02619-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02619-9
- Springer Nature Limited