Abstract
The tightening of the constraints on the standard thermal WIMP scenario has forced physicists to propose alternative dark matter (DM) models. One of the most popular alternate explanations of the origin of DM is the non-thermal production of DM via freeze-in. In this scenario the DM never attains thermal equilibrium with the thermal soup because of its feeble coupling strength (∼10−12) with the other particles in the thermal bath and is generally called the Feebly Interacting Massive Particle (FIMP). In this work, we present a gauged U(1) Lμ−Lτ extension of the Standard Model (SM) which has a scalar FIMP DM candidate and can consistently explain the DM relic density bound. In addition, the spontaneous breaking of the U(1) Lμ−Lτ gauge symmetry gives an extra massive neutral gauge boson Z μτ which can explain the muon (g − 2) data through its additional one-loop contribution to the process. Lastly, presence of three right-handed neutrinos enable the model to successfully explain the small neutrino masses via the Type-I seesaw mechanism. The presence of the spontaneously broken U(1) Lμ−Lτ gives a particular structure to the light neutrino mass matrix which can explain the peculiar mixing pattern of the light neutrinos.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Y. Sofue and V. Rubin, Rotation curves of spiral galaxies, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 39 (2001) 137 [astro-ph/0010594] [INSPIRE].
M. Bartelmann and P. Schneider, Weak gravitational lensing, Phys. Rept. 340 (2001) 291 [astro-ph/9912508] [INSPIRE].
D. Clowe, A. Gonzalez and M. Markevitch, Weak lensing mass reconstruction of the interacting cluster 1E0657-558: direct evidence for the existence of dark matter, Astrophys. J. 604 (2004) 596 [astro-ph/0312273] [INSPIRE].
WMAP collaboration, G. Hinshaw et al., Nine-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: cosmological parameter results, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 208 (2013) 19 [arXiv:1212.5226] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 594 (2016) A13 [arXiv:1502.01589] [INSPIRE].
P. Gondolo and G. Gelmini, Cosmic abundances of stable particles: improved analysis, Nucl. Phys. B 360 (1991) 145 [INSPIRE].
M. Srednicki, R. Watkins and K.A. Olive, Calculations of relic densities in the early universe, Nucl. Phys. B 310 (1988) 693 [INSPIRE].
LUX collaboration, D.S. Akerib et al., Results from a search for dark matter in the complete LUX exposure, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 (2017) 021303 [arXiv:1608.07648] [INSPIRE].
LUX collaboration, D.S. Akerib et al., Improved limits on scattering of weakly interacting massive particles from reanalysis of 2013 LUX data, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) 161301 [arXiv:1512.03506] [INSPIRE].
XENON collaboration, E. Aprile et al., Physics reach of the XENON1T dark matter experiment, JCAP 04 (2016) 027 [arXiv:1512.07501] [INSPIRE].
L.J. Hall, K. Jedamzik, J. March-Russell and S.M. West, Freeze-in production of FIMP dark matter, JHEP 03 (2010) 080 [arXiv:0911.1120] [INSPIRE].
C.E. Yaguna, The singlet scalar as FIMP dark matter, JHEP 08 (2011) 060 [arXiv:1105.1654] [INSPIRE].
E. Molinaro, C.E. Yaguna and O. Zapata, FIMP realization of the scotogenic model, JCAP 07 (2014) 015 [arXiv:1405.1259] [INSPIRE].
A. Biswas, D. Majumdar and P. Roy, Nonthermal two component dark matter model for Fermi-LAT γ-ray excess and 3.55 keV X-ray line, JHEP 04 (2015) 065 [arXiv:1501.02666] [INSPIRE].
A. Merle and M. Totzauer, keV sterile neutrino dark matter from singlet scalar decays: basic concepts and subtle features, JCAP 06 (2015) 011 [arXiv:1502.01011] [INSPIRE].
B. Shakya, Sterile neutrino dark matter from freeze-in, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 31 (2016) 1630005 [arXiv:1512.02751] [INSPIRE].
A. Biswas and A. Gupta, Freeze-in production of sterile neutrino dark matter in U(1) B−L model, JCAP 09 (2016) 044 [arXiv:1607.01469] [INSPIRE].
J. König, A. Merle and M. Totzauer, keV sterile neutrino dark matter from singlet scalar decays: the most general case, JCAP 11 (2016) 038 [arXiv:1609.01289] [INSPIRE].
SNO collaboration, Q.R. Ahmad et al., Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral current interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 011301 [nucl-ex/0204008] [INSPIRE].
Muon g-2 collaboration, G.W. Bennett et al., Final report of the E821 muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement at BNL, Phys. Rev. D 73 (2006) 072003 [hep-ex/0602035] [INSPIRE].
M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Baryogenesis without grand unification, Phys. Lett. B 174 (1986) 45 [INSPIRE].
Super-Kamiokande collaboration, Y. Fukuda et al., Evidence for oscillation of atmospheric neutrinos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 1562 [hep-ex/9807003] [INSPIRE].
KamLAND collaboration, K. Eguchi et al., First results from KamLAND: evidence for reactor anti-neutrino disappearance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 021802 [hep-ex/0212021] [INSPIRE].
Daya Bay collaboration, F.P. An et al., Measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux and spectrum at Daya Bay, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) 061801 [arXiv:1508.04233] [INSPIRE].
RENO collaboration, J.H. Choi et al., Observation of energy and baseline dependent reactor antineutrino disappearance in the RENO experiment, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) 211801 [arXiv:1511.05849] [INSPIRE].
Double CHOOZ collaboration, Y. Abe et al., Improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 with the Double CHOOZ detector, JHEP 10 (2014) 086 [Erratum ibid. 02 (2015) 074] [arXiv:1406.7763] [INSPIRE].
T2K collaboration, K. Abe et al., Measurements of neutrino oscillation in appearance and disappearance channels by the T2K experiment with 6.6 × 1020 protons on target, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 072010 [arXiv:1502.01550] [INSPIRE].
T2K collaboration, M. Ravonel Salzgeber, Anti-neutrino oscillations with T2K, arXiv:1508.06153 [INSPIRE].
NOvA collaboration, P. Adamson et al., First measurement of electron neutrino appearance in NOvA, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) 151806 [arXiv:1601.05022] [INSPIRE].
NOvA collaboration, P. Adamson et al., First measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance in NOvA, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 051104 [arXiv:1601.05037] [INSPIRE].
S. Choubey and W. Rodejohann, A flavor symmetry for quasi-degenerate neutrinos: L μ − L τ , Eur. Phys. J. C 40 (2005) 259 [hep-ph/0411190] [INSPIRE].
A. Biswas, S. Choubey and S. Khan, Neutrino mass, dark matter and anomalous magnetic moment of muon in a U(1) Lμ−Lτ model , JHEP 09 (2016) 147 [ arXiv:1608.04194 ] [ INSPIRE].
W. Altmannshofer, S. Gori, S. Profumo and F.S. Queiroz, Explaining dark matter and B decay anomalies with an L μ − L τ model, JHEP 12 (2016) 106 [arXiv:1609.04026] [INSPIRE].
S.L. Adler, Axial vector vertex in spinor electrodynamics, Phys. Rev. 177 (1969) 2426 [INSPIRE].
W.A. Bardeen, Anomalous Ward identities in spinor field theories, Phys. Rev. 184 (1969) 1848 [INSPIRE].
R. Delbourgo and A. Salam, The gravitational correction to PCAC, Phys. Lett. B 40 (1972) 381 [INSPIRE].
T. Eguchi and P.G.O. Freund, Quantum gravity and world topology, Phys. Rev. Lett. 37 (1976) 1251 [INSPIRE].
X.G. He, G.C. Joshi, H. Lew and R.R. Volkas, New-Z ′ phenomenology, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) R22 [INSPIRE].
X.-G. He, G.C. Joshi, H. Lew and R.R. Volkas, Simplest Z ′ model, Phys. Rev. D 44 (1991) 2118 [INSPIRE].
E. Ma, D.P. Roy and S. Roy, Gauged L μ − L τ with large muon anomalous magnetic moment and the bimaximal mixing of neutrinos, Phys. Lett. B 525 (2002) 101 [hep-ph/0110146] [INSPIRE].
G. Arcadi and L. Covi, Minimal decaying dark matter and the LHC, JCAP 08 (2013) 00 [arXiv:1305.6587] [INSPIRE].
F. Jegerlehner and A. Nyffeler, The muon g − 2, Phys. Rept. 477 (2009) 1 [arXiv:0902.3360] [INSPIRE].
A. Biswas, S. Choubey and S. Khan, Galactic gamma ray excess and dark matter phenomenology in a U(1) B−L model, JHEP 08 (2016) 114 [arXiv:1604.06566] [INSPIRE].
W. Altmannshofer, S. Gori, M. Pospelov and I. Yavin, Neutrino trident production: a powerful probe of new physics with neutrino beams, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 091801 [arXiv:1406.2332] [INSPIRE].
CHARM-II collaboration, D. Geiregat et al., First observation of neutrino trident production, Phys. Lett. B 245 (1990) 271 [INSPIRE].
CCFR collaboration, S.R. Mishra et al., Neutrino tridents and W -Z interference, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 3117 [INSPIRE].
ATLAS and CMS collaborations, Measurements of the Higgs boson production and decay rates and constraints on its couplings from a combined ATLAS and CMS analysis of the LHC pp collision data at \( \sqrt{s}=7 \) and 8 TeV, JHEP 08 (2016) 045 [arXiv:1606.02266] [INSPIRE].
S.N. Gninenko and N.V. Krasnikov, The muon anomalous magnetic moment and a new light gauge boson, Phys. Lett. B 513 (2001) 119 [hep-ph/0102222] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek, N.G. Deshpande, X.G. He and P. Ko, Muon anomalous g − 2 and gauged L μ − L τ models, Phys. Rev. D 64 (2001) 055006 [hep-ph/0104141] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya, T. Igari, M.M. Nojiri, M. Takeuchi and K. Tobe, Muon g − 2 and LHC phenomenology in the L μ − L τ gauge symmetric model, JHEP 03 (2014) 105 [arXiv:1311.0870] [INSPIRE].
F. Elahi and A. Martin, Constraints on L μ − L τ interactions at the LHC and beyond, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 015022 [arXiv:1511.04107] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek, H. Okada and K. Yagyu, Flavour dependent gauged radiative neutrino mass model, JHEP 04 (2015) 049 [arXiv:1501.01530] [INSPIRE].
F. Capozzi, E. Lisi, A. Marrone, D. Montanino and A. Palazzo, Neutrino masses and mixings: status of known and unknown 3ν parameters, Nucl. Phys. B 908 (2016) 218 [arXiv:1601.07777] [INSPIRE].
J. Edsjö and P. Gondolo, Neutralino relic density including coannihilations, Phys. Rev. D 56 (1997) 1879 [hep-ph/9704361] [INSPIRE].
A. Biswas and D. Majumdar, The real gauge singlet scalar extension of standard model: a possible candidate of cold dark matter, Pramana 80 (2013) 539 [arXiv:1102.3024] [INSPIRE].
A. Semenov, LanHEP — a package for automatic generation of Feynman rules from the Lagrangian. Updated version 3.1, arXiv:1005.1909 [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1612.03067
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Biswas, A., Choubey, S. & Khan, S. FIMP and muon (g − 2) in a U(1) Lμ−Lτ model. J. High Energ. Phys. 2017, 123 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2017)123
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2017)123