Abstract
We study the determination of the top-quark mass using leptonic observables in t-channel single top-quark production at the LHC. We demonstrate sensitivity of transverse momentum of the charged lepton on the input top-quark mass. We present predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD with narrow width approximation and structure function approach. Further corrections due to parton shower and hadronization, non-resonant and non-factorized contributions are discussed. To reduce impact of SM backgrounds we propose to use the charge weighted distribution for the measurement, i.e., differences between distributions of charged lepton with positive and negative charges. By modeling both signal and background processes, we found the projections for (HL-)LHC to be promising, with a total theoretical uncertainty on the extracted top-quark mass of about 1 ∼ 2 GeV.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J. Haller, A. Hoecker, R. Kogler, K. Mönig, T. Peiffer and J. Stelzer, Update of the global electroweak fit and constraints on two-Higgs-doublet models, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 675 [arXiv:1803.01853] [INSPIRE].
G. Isidori, G. Ridolfi and A. Strumia, On the metastability of the standard model vacuum, Nucl. Phys. B 609 (2001) 387 [hep-ph/0104016] [INSPIRE].
CDF and D0 collaborations, Combination of CDF and D0 results on the mass of the top quark using up to 9.7 fb−1 at the Tevatron, arXiv:1407.2682 [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the top quark mass in the \( t\overline{t} \) → lepton+jets channel from \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV ATLAS data and combination with previous results, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 290 [arXiv:1810.01772] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of the top quark mass in the all-jets final state at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV and combination with the lepton+jets channel, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 313 [arXiv:1812.10534] [INSPIRE].
A.H. Hoang, The top mass: interpretation and theoretical uncertainties, in 7th international workshop on top quark physics, (2014) [arXiv:1412.3649] [INSPIRE].
P. Nason, The top mass in hadronic collisions, in From my vast repertoire. . . : Guido Altarelli’s legacy, A. Levy, S. Forte and G. Ridolfi eds., World Scientific, Singapore (2019) [arXiv:1712.02796] [INSPIRE].
A.H. Hoang, S. Plätzer and D. Samitz, On the cutoff dependence of the quark mass parameter in angular ordered parton showers, JHEP 10 (2018) 200 [arXiv:1807.06617] [INSPIRE].
S. Ferrario Ravasio, Top-mass observables: all-orders behaviour, renormalons and NLO + parton shower effects, Ph.D. thesis, Milan Bicocca U., Milan, Italy (2018) [arXiv:1902.05035] [INSPIRE].
S. Ferrario Ravasio, T. Ježo, P. Nason and C. Oleari, A theoretical study of top-mass measurements at the LHC using NLO+PS generators of increasing accuracy, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 458 [Addendum ibid. 79 (2019) 859] [arXiv:1906.09166] [INSPIRE].
M. Beneke, P. Marquard, P. Nason and M. Steinhauser, On the ultimate uncertainty of the top quark pole mass, Phys. Lett. B 775 (2017) 63 [arXiv:1605.03609] [INSPIRE].
A.H. Hoang et al., The MSR mass and the \( \mathcal{O} \)(ΛQCD) renormalon sum rule, JHEP 04 (2018) 003 [arXiv:1704.01580] [INSPIRE].
A.H. Hoang, C. Lepenik and M. Preisser, On the light massive flavor dependence of the large order asymptotic behavior and the ambiguity of the pole mass, JHEP 09 (2017) 099 [arXiv:1706.08526] [INSPIRE].
C.G. Lester and D.J. Summers, Measuring masses of semiinvisibly decaying particles pair produced at hadron colliders, Phys. Lett. B 463 (1999) 99 [hep-ph/9906349] [INSPIRE].
S. Frixione and A. Mitov, Determination of the top quark mass from leptonic observables, JHEP 09 (2014) 012 [arXiv:1407.2763] [INSPIRE].
K. Agashe, R. Franceschini, D. Kim and M. Schulze, Top quark mass determination from the energy peaks of b-jets and B-hadrons at NLO QCD, Eur. Phys. J. C 76 (2016) 636 [arXiv:1603.03445] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 092006 [arXiv:1603.06536] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of the mass of the top quark in decays with a J/ψ meson in pp collisions at 8 TeV, JHEP 12 (2016) 123 [arXiv:1608.03560] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of lepton differential distributions and the top quark mass in \( t\overline{t} \) production in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 804 [arXiv:1709.09407] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the \( t\overline{t} \) production cross-section using eμ events with b-tagged jets in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 3109 [Addendum ibid. 76 (2016) 642] [arXiv:1406.5375] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of the \( t\overline{t} \) production cross section in the eμ channel in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 7 and 8 TeV, JHEP 08 (2016) 029 [arXiv:1603.02303] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of the \( t\overline{t} \) production cross section, the top quark mass, and the strong coupling constant using dilepton events in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 368 [arXiv:1812.10505] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of \( t\overline{t} \) normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions, Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 658 [arXiv:1904.05237] [INSPIRE].
W.-L. Ju, G. Wang, X. Wang, X. Xu, Y. Xu and L.L. Yang, Invariant-mass distribution of top-quark pairs and top-quark mass determination, Chin. Phys. C 44 (2020) 091001 [arXiv:1908.02179] [INSPIRE].
W.-L. Ju, G. Wang, X. Wang, X. Xu, Y. Xu and L.L. Yang, Top quark pair production near threshold: single/double distributions and mass determination, JHEP 06 (2020) 158 [arXiv:2004.03088] [INSPIRE].
S. Alioli et al., A new observable to measure the top-quark mass at hadron colliders, Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2438 [arXiv:1303.6415] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Measurement of the top quark mass in topologies enhanced with single top quarks produced in the t-channel at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV using the ATLAS experiment, in 7th international workshop on top quark physics, (2014) [arXiv:1411.3879] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of the top quark mass using single top quark events in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 354 [arXiv:1703.02530] [INSPIRE].
S. Alekhin, S. Moch and S. Thier, Determination of the top-quark mass from hadro-production of single top-quarks, Phys. Lett. B 763 (2016) 341 [arXiv:1608.05212] [INSPIRE].
M. Beneke, Y. Kiyo, P. Marquard, A. Penin, J. Piclum and M. Steinhauser, Next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order QCD prediction for the top antitop S-wave pair production cross section near threshold in e+e− annihilation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015) 192001 [arXiv:1506.06864] [INSPIRE].
A.H. Hoang, What is the top quark mass?, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 70 (2020) 225 [arXiv:2004.12915] [INSPIRE].
G. Bordes and B. van Eijk, Calculating QCD corrections to single top production in hadronic interactions, Nucl. Phys. B 435 (1995) 23 [INSPIRE].
R. Pittau, Final state QCD corrections to off-shell single top production in hadron collisions, Phys. Lett. B 386 (1996) 397 [hep-ph/9603265] [INSPIRE].
T. Stelzer, Z. Sullivan and S. Willenbrock, Single top quark production via W-gluon fusion at next-to-leading order, Phys. Rev. D 56 (1997) 5919 [hep-ph/9705398] [INSPIRE].
T. Stelzer, Z. Sullivan and S. Willenbrock, Single top quark production at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev. D 58 (1998) 094021 [hep-ph/9807340] [INSPIRE].
B.W. Harris, E. Laenen, L. Phaf, Z. Sullivan and S. Weinzierl, Fully differential QCD corrections to single top quark final states, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 16S1A (2001) 379 [hep-ph/0102126] [INSPIRE].
B.W. Harris, E. Laenen, L. Phaf, Z. Sullivan and S. Weinzierl, The fully differential single top quark cross-section in next to leading order QCD, Phys. Rev. D 66 (2002) 054024 [hep-ph/0207055] [INSPIRE].
Z. Sullivan, Understanding single-top-quark production and jets at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 114012 [hep-ph/0408049] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Campbell, R.K. Ellis and F. Tramontano, Single top production and decay at next-to-leading order, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 094012 [hep-ph/0408158] [INSPIRE].
Z. Sullivan, Angular correlations in single-top-quark and Wjj production at next-to-leading order, Phys. Rev. D 72 (2005) 094034 [hep-ph/0510224] [INSPIRE].
Q.-H. Cao, R. Schwienhorst, J.A. Benitez, R. Brock and C.P. Yuan, Next-to-leading order corrections to single top quark production and decay at the Tevatron: 2. t− channel process, Phys. Rev. D 72 (2005) 094027 [hep-ph/0504230] [INSPIRE].
P. Falgari, P. Mellor and A. Signer, Production-decay interferences at NLO in QCD for t-channel single-top production, Phys. Rev. D 82 (2010) 054028 [arXiv:1007.0893] [INSPIRE].
R. Schwienhorst, C.P. Yuan, C. Mueller and Q.-H. Cao, Single top quark production and decay in the t-channel at next-to-leading order at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 034019 [arXiv:1012.5132] [INSPIRE].
P. Falgari, F. Giannuzzi, P. Mellor and A. Signer, Off-shell effects for t-channel and s-channel single-top production at NLO in QCD, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 094013 [arXiv:1102.5267] [INSPIRE].
A.S. Papanastasiou, R. Frederix, S. Frixione, V. Hirschi and F. Maltoni, Single-top t-channel production with off-shell and non-resonant effects, Phys. Lett. B 726 (2013) 223 [arXiv:1305.7088] [INSPIRE].
P. Kant et al., HatHor for single top-quark production: updated predictions and uncertainty estimates for single top-quark production in hadronic collisions, Comput. Phys. Commun. 191 (2015) 74 [arXiv:1406.4403] [INSPIRE].
S. Carrazza, R. Frederix, K. Hamilton and G. Zanderighi, MINLO t-channel single-top plus jet, JHEP 09 (2018) 108 [arXiv:1805.09855] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Campbell, R. Frederix, F. Maltoni and F. Tramontano, Next-to-leading-order predictions for t-channel single-top production at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 182003 [arXiv:0903.0005] [INSPIRE].
R. Frederix, S. Frixione, A.S. Papanastasiou, S. Prestel and P. Torrielli, Off-shell single-top production at NLO matched to parton showers, JHEP 06 (2016) 027 [arXiv:1603.01178] [INSPIRE].
T. Neumann and Z.E. Sullivan, Off-shell single-top-quark production in the standard model effective field theory, JHEP 06 (2019) 022 [arXiv:1903.11023] [INSPIRE].
R. Frederix, D. Pagani and I. Tsinikos, Precise predictions for single-top production: the impact of EW corrections and QCD shower on the t-channel signature, JHEP 09 (2019) 122 [arXiv:1907.12586] [INSPIRE].
J. Wang, C.S. Li, H.X. Zhu and J.J. Zhang, Factorization and resummation of t-channel single top quark production, arXiv:1010.4509 [INSPIRE].
N. Kidonakis, Next-to-next-to-leading-order collinear and soft gluon corrections for t-channel single top quark production, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 091503 [arXiv:1103.2792] [INSPIRE].
J. Wang, C.S. Li and H.X. Zhu, Resummation prediction on top quark transverse momentum distribution at large pT, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 034030 [arXiv:1210.7698] [INSPIRE].
N. Kidonakis, Single-top transverse-momentum distributions at approximate NNLO, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 054022 [arXiv:1510.06361] [INSPIRE].
Q.-H. Cao, P. Sun, B. Yan, C.P. Yuan and F. Yuan, Transverse momentum resummation for t-channel single top quark production at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 054032 [arXiv:1801.09656] [INSPIRE].
N. Kidonakis, Soft anomalous dimensions for single-top production at three loops, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 074024 [arXiv:1901.09928] [INSPIRE].
Q.-H. Cao, P. Sun, B. Yan, C.P. Yuan and F. Yuan, Soft gluon resummation in t-channel single top quark production at the LHC, arXiv:1902.09336 [INSPIRE].
S. Frixione, E. Laenen, P. Motylinski and B.R. Webber, Single-top production in MC@NLO, JHEP 03 (2006) 092 [hep-ph/0512250] [INSPIRE].
S. Alioli, P. Nason, C. Oleari and E. Re, NLO single-top production matched with shower in POWHEG: s- and t-channel contributions, JHEP 09 (2009) 111 [Erratum ibid. 02 (2010) 011] [arXiv:0907.4076] [INSPIRE].
R. Frederix, E. Re and P. Torrielli, Single-top t-channel hadroproduction in the four-flavour scheme with POWHEG and aMC@NLO, JHEP 09 (2012) 130 [arXiv:1207.5391] [INSPIRE].
M. Brucherseifer, F. Caola and K. Melnikov, On the NNLO QCD corrections to single-top production at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 736 (2014) 58 [arXiv:1404.7116] [INSPIRE].
E.L. Berger, J. Gao, C.P. Yuan and H.X. Zhu, NNLO QCD corrections to t-channel single top-quark production and decay, Phys. Rev. D 94 (2016) 071501 [arXiv:1606.08463] [INSPIRE].
E.L. Berger, J. Gao and H.X. Zhu, Differential distributions for t-channel single top-quark production and decay at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD, JHEP 11 (2017) 158 [arXiv:1708.09405] [INSPIRE].
Z.L. Liu and J. Gao, s-channel single top quark production and decay at next-to-next-to-leading-order in QCD, Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 071501 [arXiv:1807.03835] [INSPIRE].
J. Gao and E.L. Berger, Modeling of t-channel single top-quark production at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 811 (2020) 135886 [arXiv:2005.12936] [INSPIRE].
J. Lindfors, Higgs boson production by W and Z collisions, Phys. Lett. B 167 (1986) 471 [INSPIRE].
T. Han, G. Valencia and S. Willenbrock, Structure function approach to vector boson scattering in pp collisions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69 (1992) 3274 [hep-ph/9206246] [INSPIRE].
T. Stelzer, Z. Sullivan and S. Willenbrock, Single top quark production via W-gluon fusion at next-to-leading order, Phys. Rev. D 56 (1997) 5919 [hep-ph/9705398] [INSPIRE].
M. Assadsolimani, P. Kant, B. Tausk and P. Uwer, Calculation of two-loop QCD corrections for hadronic single top-quark production in the t-channel, Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 114024 [arXiv:1409.3654] [INSPIRE].
C. Meyer, Transforming differential equations of multi-loop Feynman integrals into canonical form, JHEP 04 (2017) 006 [arXiv:1611.01087] [INSPIRE].
A. Czarnecki and M. Jezabek, Distributions of leptons in decays of polarized heavy quarks, Nucl. Phys. B 427 (1994) 3 [hep-ph/9402326] [INSPIRE].
Particle Data Group collaboration, Review of particle physics, Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 030001 [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Measurement of differential cross sections and charge ratios for t-channel single top quark production in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 13 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 370 [arXiv:1907.08330] [INSPIRE].
M. Cacciari, G.P. Salam and G. Soyez, The anti-kt jet clustering algorithm, JHEP 04 (2008) 063 [arXiv:0802.1189] [INSPIRE].
I.W. Stewart, F.J. Tackmann and W.J. Waalewijn, N-jettiness: an inclusive event shape to veto jets, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 (2010) 092002 [arXiv:1004.2489] [INSPIRE].
R. Boughezal, C. Focke, X. Liu and F. Petriello, W-boson production in association with a jet at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015) 062002 [arXiv:1504.02131] [INSPIRE].
J. Gaunt, M. Stahlhofen, F.J. Tackmann and J.R. Walsh, N-jettiness subtractions for NNLO QCD calculations, JHEP 09 (2015) 058 [arXiv:1505.04794] [INSPIRE].
E.L. Berger, J. Gao, C.S. Li, Z.L. Liu and H.X. Zhu, Charm-quark production in deep-inelastic neutrino scattering at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 (2016) 212002 [arXiv:1601.05430] [INSPIRE].
M. Cacciari, F.A. Dreyer, A. Karlberg, G.P. Salam and G. Zanderighi, Fully differential vector-boson-fusion Higgs production at next-to-next-to-leading order, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 (2015) 082002 [Erratum ibid. 120 (2018) 139901] [arXiv:1506.02660] [INSPIRE].
J. Gao, C.S. Li and H.X. Zhu, Top quark decay at next-to-next-to leading order in QCD, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 (2013) 042001 [arXiv:1210.2808] [INSPIRE].
J. Butterworth et al., PDF4LHC recommendations for LHC run II, J. Phys. G 43 (2016) 023001 [arXiv:1510.03865] [INSPIRE].
J. Gao and P. Nadolsky, A meta-analysis of parton distribution functions, JHEP 07 (2014) 035 [arXiv:1401.0013] [INSPIRE].
L.A. Harland-Lang, A.D. Martin, P. Motylinski and R.S. Thorne, Parton distributions in the LHC era: MMHT 2014 PDFs, Eur. Phys. J. C 75 (2015) 204 [arXiv:1412.3989] [INSPIRE].
NNPDF collaboration, Parton distributions for the LHC run II, JHEP 04 (2015) 040 [arXiv:1410.8849] [INSPIRE].
S. Dulat et al., New parton distribution functions from a global analysis of quantum chromodynamics, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 033006 [arXiv:1506.07443] [INSPIRE].
S. Carrazza, S. Forte, Z. Kassabov, J.I. Latorre and J. Rojo, An unbiased Hessian representation for Monte Carlo PDFs, Eur. Phys. J. C 75 (2015) 369 [arXiv:1505.06736] [INSPIRE].
F. Maltoni, G. Ridolfi and M. Ubiali, b-initiated processes at the LHC: a reappraisal, JHEP 07 (2012) 022 [Erratum ibid. 04 (2013) 095] [arXiv:1203.6393] [INSPIRE].
L.A. Harland-Lang, A.D. Martin, P. Motylinski and R.S. Thorne, Charm and beauty quark masses in the MMHT2014 global PDF analysis, Eur. Phys. J. C 76 (2016) 10 [arXiv:1510.02332] [INSPIRE].
E. Bothmann, F. Krauss and M. Schönherr, Single top-quark production with SHERPA, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 220 [arXiv:1711.02568] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Campbell, R.K. Ellis and C. Williams, Associated production of a Higgs boson at NNLO, JHEP 06 (2016) 179 [arXiv:1601.00658] [INSPIRE].
R. Boughezal et al., Color singlet production at NNLO in MCFM, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 7 [arXiv:1605.08011] [INSPIRE].
J. Alwall et al., The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations, JHEP 07 (2014) 079 [arXiv:1405.0301] [INSPIRE].
P. Artoisenet, R. Frederix, O. Mattelaer and R. Rietkerk, Automatic spin-entangled decays of heavy resonances in Monte Carlo simulations, JHEP 03 (2013) 015 [arXiv:1212.3460] [INSPIRE].
T. Sjöstrand, S. Mrenna and P.Z. Skands, PYTHIA 6.4 physics and manual, JHEP 05 (2006) 026 [hep-ph/0603175] [INSPIRE].
T. Sjöstrand et al., An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2, Comput. Phys. Commun. 191 (2015) 159 [arXiv:1410.3012] [INSPIRE].
M. Bahr et al., HERWIG++ physics and manual, Eur. Phys. J. C 58 (2008) 639 [arXiv:0803.0883] [INSPIRE].
E. Conte, B. Fuks and G. Serret, MadAnalysis 5, a user-friendly framework for collider phenomenology, Comput. Phys. Commun. 184 (2013) 222 [arXiv:1206.1599] [INSPIRE].
M. Cacciari, G.P. Salam and G. Soyez, FastJet user manual, Eur. Phys. J. C 72 (2012) 1896 [arXiv:1111.6097] [INSPIRE].
T. Ježo, J.M. Lindert, P. Nason, C. Oleari and S. Pozzorini, An NLO+PS generator for \( t\overline{t} \) and Wt production and decay including non-resonant and interference effects, Eur. Phys. J. C 76 (2016) 691 [arXiv:1607.04538] [INSPIRE].
T. Liu, K. Melnikov and A.A. Penin, Nonfactorizable QCD effects in Higgs boson production via vector boson fusion, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 (2019) 122002 [arXiv:1906.10899] [INSPIRE].
F.A. Dreyer, A. Karlberg and L. Tancredi, On the impact of non-factorisable corrections in VBF single and double Higgs production, JHEP 10 (2020) 131 [arXiv:2005.11334] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2007.15527
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Gao, M.S., Yuan, S.R. & Gao, J. Top-quark mass determination from t-channel single top production at the LHC. J. High Energ. Phys. 2021, 54 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2021)054
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2021)054