Abstract
The large value of the tensor-to-scalar ratio in the cosmic microwave background radiation reported by the BICEP2 collaboration gives strong impact on models of supersymmetry (SUSY). The large ratio indicates inflation with a high-energy scale and thus a high reheating temperature in general, and various SUSY models suffer from the serious gravitino and Polonyi problems. In this article, we discuss a class of the high-scale SUSY breaking models which are completely free from those problems. With especially focusing on the dark matter relic abundance, we examine how the BICEP2 result narrows down the parameter space of the models, assuming the simplest chaotic inflation model. We find that the mass of the dark matter is predicted to be less than about 1 TeV thanks to the non-thermal production in the early universe through the decay of abundant gravitinos produced after the reheating process. We also discuss implications in some details to dark matter searches at collider and indirect dark matter detection experiments.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
ATLAS collaboration, Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 716 (2012) 1 [arXiv:1207.7214] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B 716 (2012) 30 [arXiv:1207.7235] [INSPIRE].
Y. Okada, M. Yamaguchi and T. Yanagida, Upper bound of the lightest Higgs boson mass in the minimal supersymmetric standard model, Prog. Theor. Phys. 85 (1991) 1 [INSPIRE].
H.E. Haber and R. Hempfling, Can the mass of the lightest Higgs boson of the minimal supersymmetric model be larger than m(Z)?, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 1815 [INSPIRE].
J.R. Ellis, G. Ridolfi and F. Zwirner, Radiative corrections to the masses of supersymmetric Higgs bosons, Phys. Lett. B 257 (1991) 83 [INSPIRE].
G. Degrassi, S. Di Vita, J. Elias-Miro, J.R. Espinosa, G.F. Giudice et al., Higgs mass and vacuum stability in the Standard Model at NNLO, JHEP 08 (2012) 098 [arXiv:1205.6497] [INSPIRE].
Y. Okada, M. Yamaguchi and T. Yanagida, Renormalization group analysis on the Higgs mass in the softly broken supersymmetric standard model, Phys. Lett. B 262 (1991) 54 [INSPIRE].
J.D. Wells, PeV-scale supersymmetry, Phys. Rev. D 71 (2005) 015013 [hep-ph/0411041] [INSPIRE].
M. Ibe, T. Moroi and T.T. Yanagida, Possible Signals of Wino LSP at the Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Lett. B 644 (2007) 355 [hep-ph/0610277] [INSPIRE].
M. Ibe and T.T. Yanagida, The Lightest Higgs Boson Mass in Pure Gravity Mediation Model, Phys. Lett. B 709 (2012) 374 [arXiv:1112.2462] [INSPIRE].
M. Ibe, S. Matsumoto and T.T. Yanagida, Pure Gravity Mediation with m 3/2 = 10-100TeV, Phys. Rev. D 85 (2012) 095011 [arXiv:1202.2253] [INSPIRE].
B. Bhattacherjee, B. Feldstein, M. Ibe, S. Matsumoto and T.T. Yanagida, Pure Gravity Mediation of Supersymmetry Breaking at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 015028 [arXiv:1207.5453] [INSPIRE].
J.L. Evans, M. Ibe, K.A. Olive and T.T. Yanagida, Universality in Pure Gravity Mediation, Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2468 [arXiv:1302.5346] [INSPIRE].
J.L. Evans, K.A. Olive, M. Ibe and T.T. Yanagida, Non-Universalities in Pure Gravity Mediation, Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2611 [arXiv:1305.7461] [INSPIRE].
B.S. Acharya, K. Bobkov, G.L. Kane, P. Kumar and J. Shao, Explaining the Electroweak Scale and Stabilizing Moduli in M-theory, Phys. Rev. D 76 (2007) 126010 [hep-th/0701034] [INSPIRE].
L.J. Hall and Y. Nomura, Spread Supersymmetry, JHEP 01 (2012) 082 [arXiv:1111.4519] [INSPIRE].
N. Arkani-Hamed, http://www.ift.uam.es/workshops/Xmas11/?q=node/2, in IFT Inaugural Conference, 2011.
N. Arkani-Hamed, A. Gupta, D.E. Kaplan, N. Weiner and T. Zorawski, Simply Unnatural Supersymmetry, arXiv:1212.6971 [INSPIRE].
A. Arvanitaki, N. Craig, S. Dimopoulos and G. Villadoro, Mini-Split, JHEP 02 (2013) 126 [arXiv:1210.0555] [INSPIRE].
P.J. Fox, A.E. Nelson and N. Weiner, Dirac gaugino masses and supersoft supersymmetry breaking, JHEP 08 (2002) 035 [hep-ph/0206096] [INSPIRE].
A. Hebecker, A.K. Knochel and T. Weigand, A Shift Symmetry in the Higgs Sector: Experimental Hints and Stringy Realizations, JHEP 06 (2012) 093 [arXiv:1204.2551] [INSPIRE].
A. Hebecker, A.K. Knochel and T. Weigand, The Higgs mass from a String-Theoretic Perspective, Nucl. Phys. B 874 (2013) 1 [arXiv:1304.2767] [INSPIRE].
J. Unwin, R-symmetric High Scale Supersymmetry, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 095002 [arXiv:1210.4936] [INSPIRE].
L.E. Ibáñez, F. Marchesano, D. Regalado and I. Valenzuela, The Intermediate Scale MSSM, the Higgs Mass and F-theory Unification, JHEP 07 (2012) 195 [arXiv:1206.2655] [INSPIRE].
L.E. Ibáñez and I. Valenzuela, The Higgs Mass as a Signature of Heavy SUSY, JHEP 05 (2013) 064 [arXiv:1301.5167] [INSPIRE].
M. Ibe, S. Matsumoto and T.T. Yanagida, Flat Higgs Potential from Planck Scale Supersymmetry Breaking, Phys. Lett. B 732 (2014) 214 [arXiv:1312.7108] [INSPIRE].
S. Weinberg, Cosmological Constraints on the Scale of Supersymmetry Breaking, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48 (1982) 1303 [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri and T. Moroi, Big-Bang nucleosynthesis and hadronic decay of long-lived massive particles, Phys. Rev. D 71 (2005) 083502 [astro-ph/0408426] [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri, T. Moroi and A. Yotsuyanagi, Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Gravitino, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 065011 [arXiv:0804.3745] [INSPIRE].
K. Jedamzik, Big bang nucleosynthesis constraints on hadronically and electromagnetically decaying relic neutral particles, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 103509 [hep-ph/0604251] [INSPIRE].
BICEP2 collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Detection of B-Mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales by BICEP2, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 241101 [arXiv:1403.3985] [INSPIRE].
M. Ibe, Y. Shinbara and T.T. Yanagida, The Polonyi Problem and Upper bound on Inflation Scale in Supergravity, Phys. Lett. B 639 (2006) 534 [hep-ph/0605252] [INSPIRE].
G.D. Coughlan, W. Fischler, E.W. Kolb, S. Raby and G.G. Ross, Cosmological Problems for the Polonyi Potential, Phys. Lett. B 131 (1983) 59 [INSPIRE].
A.D. Linde, Relaxing the cosmological moduli problem, Phys. Rev. D 53 (1996) 4129 [hep-th/9601083] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, On the Adiabatic Solution to the Polonyi/Moduli Problem, Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 123523 [arXiv:1109.2073] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, Cosmological Moduli Problem in Low Cutoff Theory, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 043507 [arXiv:1112.0418] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya, M. Ibe, K. Schmitz and T.T. Yanagida, A Simple Solution to the Polonyi Problem in Gravity Mediation, Phys. Lett. B 721 (2013) 86 [arXiv:1301.3685] [INSPIRE].
F. Brümmer and W. Buchmüller, A low Fermi scale from a simple gaugino-scalar mass relation, JHEP 03 (2014) 075 [arXiv:1311.1114] [INSPIRE].
J.L. Feng, Z. Surujon and H.-B. Yu, Confluence of Constraints in Gauge Mediation: The 125 GeV Higgs Boson and Goldilocks Cosmology, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 035003 [arXiv:1205.6480] [INSPIRE].
N. Okada, SuperWIMP dark matter and 125 GeV Higgs boson in the minimal GMSB, arXiv:1205.5826 [INSPIRE].
O. Buchmueller, M.J. Dolan, J. Ellis, T. Hahn, S. Heinemeyer et al., Implications of Improved Higgs Mass Calculations for Supersymmetric Models, Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 2809 [arXiv:1312.5233] [INSPIRE].
N.E. Bomark and L. Roszkowski, The 3.5 keV X-ray line from decaying gravitino dark matter, arXiv:1403.6503 [INSPIRE].
G.F. Giudice, M.A. Luty, H. Murayama and R. Rattazzi, Gaugino mass without singlets, JHEP 12 (1998) 027 [hep-ph/9810442] [INSPIRE].
L. Randall and R. Sundrum, Out of this world supersymmetry breaking, Nucl. Phys. B 557 (1999) 79 [hep-th/9810155] [INSPIRE].
A.D. Linde, Chaotic Inflation, Phys. Lett. B 129 (1983) 177 [INSPIRE].
A.D. Linde, Chaotic inflating universe, JETP Lett. 38 (1983) 176 [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, M. Yamaguchi and T. Yanagida, Natural chaotic inflation in supergravity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 3572 [hep-ph/0004243] [INSPIRE].
R. Kallosh, A. Linde, K.A. Olive and T. Rube, Chaotic inflation and supersymmetry breaking, Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 083519 [arXiv:1106.6025] [INSPIRE].
A. Linde, Inflationary Cosmology after Planck 2013, arXiv:1402.0526 [INSPIRE].
K. Inoue, M. Kawasaki, M. Yamaguchi and T. Yanagida, Vanishing squark and slepton masses in a class of supergravity models, Phys. Rev. D 45 (1992) 328 [INSPIRE].
J.A. Casas and C. Muñoz, A Natural solution to the mu problem, Phys. Lett. B 306 (1993) 288 [hep-ph/9302227] [INSPIRE].
G.F. Giudice and A. Masiero, A Natural Solution to the mu Problem in Supergravity Theories, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 480 [INSPIRE].
M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Baryogenesis Without Grand Unification, Phys. Lett. B 174 (1986) 45 [INSPIRE].
W. Buchmüller, R.D. Peccei and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis as the origin of matter, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 55 (2005) 311 [hep-ph/0502169] [INSPIRE].
S. Davidson, E. Nardi and Y. Nir, Leptogenesis, Phys. Rept. 466 (2008) 105 [arXiv:0802.2962] [INSPIRE].
D.H. Lyth and A. Riotto, Particle physics models of inflation and the cosmological density perturbation, Phys. Rept. 314 (1999) 1 [hep-ph/9807278] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflation, arXiv:1303.5082 [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, Gravitino overproduction in inflaton decay, Phys. Lett. B 638 (2006) 8 [hep-ph/0603265] [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, S. Nakamura and M. Yamaguchi, Gravitinos from heavy scalar decay, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 023520 [hep-ph/0604132] [INSPIRE].
M. Endo, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, Inflaton Decay in Supergravity, Phys. Rev. D 76 (2007) 083509 [arXiv:0706.0986] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya, M. Ibe, K. Schmitz and T.T. Yanagida, Chaotic Inflation with a Fractional Power-Law Potential in Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories, Phys. Lett. B 720 (2013) 125 [arXiv:1211.6241] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya, M. Ibe, K. Schmitz and T.T. Yanagida, Dynamical Chaotic Inflation in the Light of BICEP2, Phys. Lett. B 733 (2014) 283 [arXiv:1403.4536] [INSPIRE].
J. Yokoyama, Fate of oscillating scalar fields in the thermal bath and their cosmological implications, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 103511 [hep-ph/0406072] [INSPIRE].
J. Yokoyama, Can oscillating scalar fields decay into particles with a large thermal mass?, Phys. Lett. B 635 (2006) 66 [hep-ph/0510091] [INSPIRE].
M. Bastero-Gil, A. Berera and R.O. Ramos, Dissipation coefficients from scalar and fermion quantum field interactions, JCAP 09 (2011) 033 [arXiv:1008.1929] [INSPIRE].
M. Bastero-Gil, A. Berera, R.O. Ramos and J.G. Rosa, General dissipation coefficient in low-temperature warm inflation, JCAP 01 (2013) 016 [arXiv:1207.0445] [INSPIRE].
M. Drewes, On the Role of Quasiparticles and thermal Masses in Nonequilibrium Processes in a Plasma, arXiv:1012.5380 [INSPIRE].
M. Drewes and J.U. Kang, The Kinematics of Cosmic Reheating, Nucl. Phys. B 875 (2013) 315 [arXiv:1305.0267] [INSPIRE].
K. Mukaida and K. Nakayama, Dynamics of oscillating scalar field in thermal environment, JCAP 01 (2013) 017 [arXiv:1208.3399] [INSPIRE].
K. Mukaida and K. Nakayama, Dissipative Effects on Reheating after Inflation, JCAP 03 (2013) 002 [arXiv:1212.4985] [INSPIRE].
W. Buchmüller, P. Di Bari and M. Plümacher, Leptogenesis for pedestrians, Annals Phys. 315 (2005) 305 [hep-ph/0401240] [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, M. Yamaguchi and T. Yanagida, Natural chaotic inflation in supergravity and leptogenesis, Phys. Rev. D 63 (2001) 103514 [hep-ph/0011104] [INSPIRE].
S. Davidson and S. Sarkar, Thermalization after inflation, JHEP 11 (2000) 012 [hep-ph/0009078] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya and K. Mukaida, Thermalization after/during Reheating, JHEP 05 (2014) 006 [arXiv:1312.3097] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, Eluding the Gravitino Overproduction in Inflaton Decay, Phys. Lett. B 718 (2012) 526 [arXiv:1209.2583] [INSPIRE].
J. Hisano, S. Matsumoto, M. Nagai, O. Saito and M. Senami, Non-perturbative effect on thermal relic abundance of dark matter, Phys. Lett. B 646 (2007) 34 [hep-ph/0610249] [INSPIRE].
M. Cirelli, A. Strumia and M. Tamburini, Cosmology and Astrophysics of Minimal Dark Matter, Nucl. Phys. B 787 (2007) 152 [arXiv:0706.4071] [INSPIRE].
T. Gherghetta, G.F. Giudice and J.D. Wells, Phenomenological consequences of supersymmetry with anomaly induced masses, Nucl. Phys. B 559 (1999) 27 [hep-ph/9904378] [INSPIRE].
T. Moroi and L. Randall, Wino cold dark matter from anomaly mediated SUSY breaking, Nucl. Phys. B 570 (2000) 455 [hep-ph/9906527] [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters, arXiv:1303.5076 [INSPIRE].
A.E. Nelson and N.J. Weiner, Extended anomaly mediation and new physics at 10-TeV, hep-ph/0210288 [INSPIRE].
K. Hsieh and M.A. Luty, Mixed gauge and anomaly mediation from new physics at 10-TeV, JHEP 06 (2007) 062 [hep-ph/0604256] [INSPIRE].
A. Gupta, D.E. Kaplan and T. Zorawski, Gaugomaly Mediation Revisited, JHEP 11 (2013) 149 [arXiv:1212.6969] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama and T.T. Yanagida, Anomaly mediation deformed by axion, Phys. Lett. B 722 (2013) 107 [arXiv:1302.3332] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya, M. Ibe and T.T. Yanagida, A Closer Look at Gaugino Masses in Pure Gravity Mediation Model/Minimal Split SUSY Model, JHEP 12 (2013) 016 [arXiv:1310.0643] [INSPIRE].
J. Hisano, S. Matsumoto and M.M. Nojiri, Explosive dark matter annihilation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 (2004) 031303 [hep-ph/0307216] [INSPIRE].
J. Hisano, S. Matsumoto, M.M. Nojiri and O. Saito, Non-perturbative effect on dark matter annihilation and gamma ray signature from galactic center, Phys. Rev. D 71 (2005) 063528 [hep-ph/0412403] [INSPIRE].
S. Profumo and C.E. Yaguna, Gluino coannihilations and heavy bino dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 69 (2004) 115009 [hep-ph/0402208] [INSPIRE].
A. De Simone, G.F. Giudice and A. Strumia, Benchmarks for Dark Matter Searches at the LHC, JHEP 06 (2014) 081 [arXiv:1402.6287] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya, K. Kaneta and S. Matsumoto, Gaugino coannihilations, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 115021 [arXiv:1403.0715] [INSPIRE].
ALEPH collaboration, A. Heister et al., Search for charginos nearly mass degenerate with the lightest neutralino in e + e − collisions at center-of-mass energies up to 209-GeV, Phys. Lett. B 533 (2002) 223 [hep-ex/0203020] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector, JHEP 04 (2014) 169 [arXiv:1402.7029] [INSPIRE].
CMS collaboration, Search for new physics in the multijet and missing transverse momentum final state in proton-proton collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) = 8 TeV, JHEP 06 (2014) 055 [arXiv:1402.4770] [INSPIRE].
B. Bhattacherjee, A. Choudhury, K. Ghosh and S. Poddar, Compressed SUSY at 14 TeV LHC, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 037702 [arXiv:1308.1526] [INSPIRE].
ATLAS collaboration, Search for charginos nearly mass degenerate with the lightest neutralino based on a disappearing-track signature in pp collisions at \( \sqrt{s} \) =8 TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 112006 [arXiv:1310.3675] [INSPIRE].
M. Ibe, S. Matsumoto and R. Sato, Mass Splitting between Charged and Neutral Winos at Two-Loop Level, Phys. Lett. B 721 (2013) 252 [arXiv:1212.5989] [INSPIRE].
T. Yamanaka, http://www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ ppp.ws/PPP2013/slides/YamanakaT.pdf, in Progress in Particle Physic, 2013.
H.E.S.S. collaboration, A. Abramowski et al., Search for photon line-like signatures from Dark Matter annihilations with H.E.S.S, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 (2013) 041301 [arXiv:1301.1173] [INSPIRE].
Fermi-LAT collaboration, M. Ackermann et al., Dark Matter Constraints from Observations of 25 Milky Way Satellite Galaxies with the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 042001 [arXiv:1310.0828] [INSPIRE].
A. Hryczuk, I. Cholis, R. Iengo, M. Tavakoli and P. Ullio, Indirect Detection Analysis: Wino Dark Matter Case Study, arXiv:1401.6212 [INSPIRE].
G.D. Martinez, J.S. Bullock, M. Kaplinghat, L.E. Strigari and R. Trotta, Indirect Dark Matter Detection from Dwarf Satellites: Joint Expectations from Astrophysics and Supersymmetry, JCAP 06 (2009) 014 [arXiv:0902.4715] [INSPIRE].
G.D. Martinez, A Robust Determination of Milky Way Satellite Properties using Hierarchical Mass Modeling, arXiv:1309.2641 [INSPIRE].
F. Nesti and P. Salucci, The Dark Matter halo of the Milky Way, AD 2013, JCAP 07 (2013) 016 [arXiv:1304.5127] [INSPIRE].
A. Burkert, The Structure of dark matter halos in dwarf galaxies, IAU Symp. 171 (1996) 175 [astro-ph/9504041] [INSPIRE].
J.F. Navarro, C.S. Frenk and S.D.M. White, The Structure of cold dark matter halos, Astrophys. J. 462 (1996) 563 [astro-ph/9508025] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1403.5880
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Harigaya, K., Ibe, M., Ichikawa, K. et al. High-scale SUSY breaking models in light of the BICEP2 result. J. High Energ. Phys. 2014, 93 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2014)093
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2014)093