Abstract
As a new type of dynamical dark matter mechanism, we discuss the stability of the gauged Q-ball dark matter and its production mechanism through a cosmological first-order phase transition. This work delves into the study of gauged Q-ball dark matter generated during the cosmic phase transition. We demonstrate detailed discussions on the stability of gauged Q-balls to rigorously constrain their charge and mass ranges. Additionally, employing analytic approximations and the mapping method, we provide qualitative insights into gauged Q-balls. We establish an upper limit on the gauge coupling constant and give the relic density of stable gauged Q-ball dark matter formed during a first-order phase transition. Furthermore, we discuss potential observational signatures or constraints of gauged Q-ball dark matter, including astronomical observations and gravitational wave signals.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank Emin Nugaev, Julian Heeck, Michael Baker, Kiyoharu Kawana, Mikhail Smolyakov, Mikheil Sokhashvili, Yakov M. Shnir, Dmitry Levkov, Muhammad Fakhri Afif, Chris Verhaaren, Rebecca Riley, Sida Lu, Bingrong Yu, Jiahang Hu for helpful correspondence. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) under Grant No. 12205387, by Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (Grant No. 2019B030302001), and by KIAS Individual Grants under Grants No. PG021403 (PK).
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Jiang, S., Huang, F.P. & Ko, P. Gauged Q-ball dark matter through a cosmological first-order phase transition. J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 53 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)053
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2024)053