Abstract
Precise tests of Lorentz invariance in neutrinos can be performed using long baseline experiments such as MINOS and OPERA or neutrinos from astrophysical sources. The MINOS collaboration reported a measurement of the muonic neutrino velocities that hints to super-luminal propagation, very recently confirmed at 6σ by OPERA. We consider a general parametrisation which goes beyond the usual linear or quadratic violation considered in quantum-gravitational models. We also propose a toy model showing why Lorentz violation can be specific to the neutrino sector and give rise to a generic energy behaviour E α, where α is not necessarily an integer number. Supernova bounds and the preferred MINOS and OPERA regions show a tension, due to the absence of shape distortion in the neutrino bunch in the far detector of MINOS. The energy independence of the effect has also been pointed out by the OPERA results.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
V. Kostelecky and N. Russell, Data Tables for Lorentz and CPT Violation, Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 (2011) 11 [arXiv:0801.0287] [INSPIRE].
J.R. Ellis, N. Mavromatos, D.V. Nanopoulos and A. Sakharov, Space-time foam may violate the principle of equivalence, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 19 (2004) 4413 [gr-qc/0312044] [INSPIRE].
G.R. Kalbfleisch, N. Baggett, E.C. Fowler and J. Alspector, Experimental comparison of neutrino, anti-neutrino, and muon velocities, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 (1979) 1361 [INSPIRE].
MINOS collaboration, P. Adamson et al., Measurement of neutrino velocity with the MINOS detectors and NuMI neutrino beam, Phys. Rev. D 76 (2007) 072005 [arXiv:0706.0437] [INSPIRE].
OPERA collaboration, T. Adam et al., Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam, arXiv:1109.4897 [INSPIRE].
V. Ammosov and G. Volkov, Can neutrinos probe extra dimensions?, hep-ph/0008032 [INSPIRE].
C. Csáki, J. Erlich and C. Grojean, Gravitational Lorentz violations and adjustment of the cosmological constant in asymmetrically warped space-times, Nucl. Phys. B 604 (2001) 312 [hep-th/0012143] [INSPIRE].
H. Pas, S. Pakvasa and T.J. Weiler, Sterile-active neutrino oscillations and shortcuts in the extra dimension, Phys. Rev. D 72 (2005) 095017 [hep-ph/0504096] [INSPIRE].
G. Cacciapaglia, M. Cirelli, Y. Lin and A. Romanino, Bulk neutrinos and core collapse supernovae, Phys. Rev. D 67 (2003) 053001 [hep-ph/0209063] [INSPIRE].
J.R. Ellis, N. Harries, A. Meregaglia, A. Rubbia and A. Sakharov, Probes of Lorentz Violation in Neutrino Propagation, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 033013 [arXiv:0805.0253] [INSPIRE].
A. Sakharov, J. Ellis, N. Harries, A. Meregaglia and A. Rubbia, Exploration of Possible Quantum Gravity Effects with Neutrinos II: Lorentz Violation in Neutrino Propagation, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 171 (2009) 012039 [arXiv:0903.5048] [INSPIRE].
G. von Gersdorff and M. Quirós, Conformal Neutrinos: an Alternative to the See-saw Mechanism, Phys. Lett. B 678 (2009) 317 [arXiv:0901.0006] [INSPIRE].
Y. Grossman and D.J. Robinson, Composite Dirac Neutrinos, JHEP 01 (2011) 132 [arXiv:1009.2781] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Maldacena, The Large-N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2 (1998) 231 [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 38 (1999) 1133] [hep-th/9711200] [INSPIRE].
H. Georgi, Unparticle physics, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 221601 [hep-ph/0703260] [INSPIRE].
L. Randall and R. Sundrum, An Alternative to compactification, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 4690 [hep-th/9906064] [INSPIRE].
G. Cacciapaglia, G. Marandella and J. Terning, The AdS/CFT/Unparticle Correspondence, JHEP 02 (2009) 049 [arXiv:0804.0424] [INSPIRE].
A. Delgado, J. Espinosa, J. No and M. Quirós, Phantom Higgs from Unparticles, JHEP 11 (2008) 071 [arXiv:0804.4574] [INSPIRE].
D. Stancato and J. Terning, The Unhiggs, JHEP 11 (2009) 101 [arXiv:0807.3961] [INSPIRE].
M.J. Longo, New precision tests of the Einstein equivalence principle from Sn1987a, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 (1988) 173 [INSPIRE].
L. Stodolsky, The Speed of light and the speed of neutrinos, Phys. Lett. B 201 (1988) 353 [INSPIRE].
T.J. Loredo and D.Q. Lamb, Bayesian analysis of neutrinos observed from supernova SN-1987A, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 063002 [astro-ph/0107260] [INSPIRE].
C. Lunardini and A.Y. Smirnov, Neutrinos from SN1987A: Flavor conversion and interpretation of results, Astropart. Phys. 21 (2004) 703 [hep-ph/0402128] [INSPIRE].
G. Pagliaroli, F. Vissani, M. Costantini and A. Ianni, Improved analysis of SN1987A antineutrino events, Astropart. Phys. 31 (2009) 163 [arXiv:0810.0466] [INSPIRE].
C. Giunti and C. Kim, Coherence of neutrino oscillations in the wave packet approach, Phys. Rev. D 58 (1998) 017301 [hep-ph/9711363] [INSPIRE].
C. Giunti, Coherence and wave packets in neutrino oscillations, Found. Phys. Lett. 17 (2004) 103 [hep-ph/0302026] [INSPIRE].
A.G. Cohen and S.L. Glashow, Pair Creation Constrains Superluminal Neutrino Propagation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 181803 [arXiv:1109.6562] [INSPIRE].
X.-J. Bi, P.-F. Yin, Z.-H. Yu and Q. Yuan, Constraints and tests of the OPERA superluminal neutrinos, arXiv:1109.6667 [INSPIRE].
L. Gonzalez-Mestres, Astrophysical consequences of the OPERA superluminal neutrino, arXiv:1109.6630 [INSPIRE].
G. Amelino-Camelia, L. Freidel, J. Kowalski-Glikman and L. Smolin, OPERA neutrinos and relativity, arXiv:1110.0521 [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1109.4980
Rights and permissions
Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Cacciapaglia, G., Deandrea, A. & Panizzi, L. Superluminal neutrinos in long baseline experiments and SN1987a. J. High Energ. Phys. 2011, 137 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2011)137
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2011)137