Abstract
A mechanism for addressing the “decompactification problem” is proposed, which consists of balancing the vacuum energy in Scherk-Schwarzed theories against contributions coming from non-perturbative physics. Universality of threshold corrections ensures that, in such situations, the stable minimum will have consistent gauge couplings for any gauge group that shares the same \( \mathcal{N} \) = 2 beta function for the bulk excitations as the gauge group that takes part in the minimisation. Scherk-Schwarz compactification from 6D to 4D in heterotic strings is discussed explicitly, together with two alternative possibilities for the non-perturbative physics, namely metastable SQCD vacua and a single gaugino condensate. In the former case, it is shown that modular symmetries gives various consistency checks, and allow one to follow soft-terms, playing a similar role to R-symmetry in global SQCD. The latter case is particularly attractive when there is nett Bose-Fermi degeneracy in the massless sector. In such cases, because the original Casimir energy is generated entirely by excited and/or non-physical string modes, it is completely immune to the non-perturbative IR physics. Such a separation between UV and IR contributions to the potential greatly simplifies the analysis of stabilisation, and is a general possibility that has not been considered before.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J. Scherk and J.H. Schwarz, Spontaneous Breaking of Supersymmetry Through Dimensional Reduction, Phys. Lett. 82B (1979) 60 [INSPIRE].
J. Scherk and J.H. Schwarz, How to Get Masses from Extra Dimensions, Nucl. Phys. B 153 (1979) 61 [INSPIRE].
I. Antoniadis, A possible new dimension at a few TeV, Phys. Lett. B 246 (1990) 377 [INSPIRE].
I. Antoniadis, K.S. Narain and T.R. Taylor, Higher genus string corrections to gauge couplings, Phys. Lett. B 267 (1991) 37 [INSPIRE].
I. Antoniadis, S. Dimopoulos, A. Pomarol and M. Quirós, Soft masses in theories with supersymmetry breaking by TeV compactification, Nucl. Phys. B 544 (1999) 503 [hep-ph/9810410] [INSPIRE].
A. Delgado, A. Pomarol and M. Quirós, Supersymmetry and electroweak breaking from extra dimensions at the TeV scale, Phys. Rev. D 60 (1999) 095008 [hep-ph/9812489] [INSPIRE].
D.M. Ghilencea, H.P. Nilles and S. Stieberger, Divergences in Kaluza-Klein models and their string regularization, New J. Phys. 4 (2002) 15 [hep-th/0108183] [INSPIRE].
S. Dimopoulos, K. Howe and J. March-Russell, Maximally Natural Supersymmetry, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 111802 [arXiv:1404.7554] [INSPIRE].
T. Cohen, N. Craig, H.K. Lou and D. Pinner, Folded Supersymmetry with a Twist, JHEP 03 (2016) 196 [arXiv:1508.05396] [INSPIRE].
I. Garcia Garcia, K. Howe and J. March-Russell, Natural Scherk-Schwarz Theories of the Weak Scale, JHEP 12 (2015) 005 [arXiv:1510.07045] [INSPIRE].
K. Tobioka, R. Kitano and H. Murayama, Enhanced Higgs Mass in Compact Supersymmetry, JHEP 04 (2016) 025 [arXiv:1511.04081] [INSPIRE].
I. Antoniadis, K. Benakli and M. Quirós, Sequestered gravity in gauge mediation, Eur. Phys. J. C 76 (2016) 363 [arXiv:1512.00029] [INSPIRE].
M. Reece and W. Xue, SUSY’s Ladder: reframing sequestering at Large Volume, JHEP 04 (2016) 045 [arXiv:1512.04941] [INSPIRE].
A. Delgado, M. Garcia-Pepin, G. Nardini and M. Quirós, Natural Supersymmetry from Extra Dimensions, arXiv:1608.06470 [INSPIRE].
S. Abel, K.R. Dienes and E. Mavroudi, Towards a nonsupersymmetric string phenomenology, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 126014 [arXiv:1502.03087] [INSPIRE].
E. Ponton and E. Poppitz, Casimir energy and radius stabilization in five-dimensional orbifolds and six-dimensional orbifolds, JHEP 06 (2001) 019 [hep-ph/0105021] [INSPIRE].
M. Borunda, M. Serone and M. Trapletti, On the quantum stability of IIB orbifolds and orientifolds with Scherk-Schwarz SUSY breaking, Nucl. Phys. B 653 (2003) 85 [hep-th/0210075] [INSPIRE].
G. von Gersdorff, M. Quirós and A. Riotto, Scherk-Schwarz supersymmetry breaking with radion stabilization, Nucl. Phys. B 689 (2004) 76 [hep-th/0310190] [INSPIRE].
E. Dudas and C. Timirgaziu, Nontachyonic Scherk-Schwarz compactifications, cosmology and moduli stabilization, JHEP 03 (2004) 060 [hep-th/0401201] [INSPIRE].
E. Dudas and M. Quirós, Five-dimensional massive vector fields and radion stabilization, Nucl. Phys. B 721 (2005) 309 [hep-th/0503157] [INSPIRE].
G. von Gersdorff and A. Hebecker, Radius stabilization by two-loop Casimir energy, Nucl. Phys. B 720 (2005) 211 [hep-th/0504002] [INSPIRE].
C. Angelantonj, M. Cardella and N. Irges, An Alternative for Moduli Stabilisation, Phys. Lett. B 641 (2006) 474 [hep-th/0608022] [INSPIRE].
A.P. Braun, A. Hebecker and M. Trapletti, Moduli stabilization in (string) model building: Gauge fluxes and loops, arXiv:0710.4877 [INSPIRE].
C. Gross and A. Hebecker, A Realistic Unified Gauge Coupling from the Micro-Landscape of Orbifold GUTs, Nucl. Phys. B 821 (2009) 354 [arXiv:0812.4267] [INSPIRE].
K.R. Dienes, E. Dudas and T. Gherghetta, Extra space-time dimensions and unification, Phys. Lett. B 436 (1998) 55 [hep-ph/9803466] [INSPIRE].
K.R. Dienes, E. Dudas and T. Gherghetta, Grand unification at intermediate mass scales through extra dimensions, Nucl. Phys. B 537 (1999) 47 [hep-ph/9806292] [INSPIRE].
K.R. Dienes, E. Dudas and T. Gherghetta, TeV scale GUTs, hep-ph/9807522 [INSPIRE].
K.R. Dienes, E. Dudas and T. Gherghetta, GUT precursors and nontrivial fixed points in higher dimensional gauge theories, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 061601 [hep-th/0210294] [INSPIRE].
K.R. Dienes, E. Dudas and T. Gherghetta, GUT precursors and fixed points in higher-dimensional theories, Pramana 62 (2004) 219.
E. Caceres, V.S. Kaplunovsky and I.M. Mandelberg, Large volume string compactifications, revisited, Nucl. Phys. B 493 (1997) 73 [hep-th/9606036] [INSPIRE].
E. Kiritsis, C. Kounnas, P.M. Petropoulos and J. Rizos, Solving the decompactification problem in string theory, Phys. Lett. B 385 (1996) 87 [hep-th/9606087] [INSPIRE].
E. Kiritsis, C. Kounnas, P.M. Petropoulos and J. Rizos, String threshold corrections in models with spontaneously broken supersymmetry, Nucl. Phys. B 540 (1999) 87 [hep-th/9807067] [INSPIRE].
I. Antoniadis and K. Benakli, Large dimensions and string physics in future colliders, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 15 (2000) 4237 [hep-ph/0007226] [INSPIRE].
A.E. Faraggi, C. Kounnas and H. Partouche, Large volume SUSY breaking with a solution to the decompactification problem, Nucl. Phys. B 899 (2015) 328 [arXiv:1410.6147] [INSPIRE].
C. Kounnas and H. Partouche, Stringy N = 1 super no-scale models, PoS(PLANCK 2015)070 [arXiv:1511.02709] [INSPIRE].
C. Kounnas and H. Partouche, Super no-scale models in string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 913 (2016) 593 [arXiv:1607.01767] [INSPIRE].
H. Partouche, Large volume supersymmetry breaking without decompactification problem, arXiv:1601.04564 [INSPIRE].
C. Angelantonj, I. Florakis and M. Tsulaia, Generalised universality of gauge thresholds in heterotic vacua with and without supersymmetry, Nucl. Phys. B 900 (2015) 170 [arXiv:1509.00027] [INSPIRE].
K.A. Intriligator, N. Seiberg and D. Shih, Dynamical SUSY breaking in meta-stable vacua, JHEP 04 (2006) 021 [hep-th/0602239] [INSPIRE].
R. Rohm, Spontaneous Supersymmetry Breaking in Supersymmetric String Theories, Nucl. Phys. B 237 (1984) 553 [INSPIRE].
S. Ferrara, C. Kounnas and M. Porrati, N = 1 Superstrings With Spontaneously Broken Symmetries, Phys. Lett. B 206 (1988) 25 [INSPIRE].
S. Ferrara, C. Kounnas and M. Porrati, Superstring Solutions With Spontaneously Broken Four-dimensional Supersymmetry, Nucl. Phys. B 304 (1988) 500 [INSPIRE].
S. Ferrara, C. Kounnas, M. Porrati and F. Zwirner, Superstrings with Spontaneously Broken Supersymmetry and their Effective Theories, Nucl. Phys. B 318 (1989) 75 [INSPIRE].
C. Kounnas and B. Rostand, Coordinate Dependent Compactifications and Discrete Symmetries, Nucl. Phys. B 341 (1990) 641 [INSPIRE].
E. Kiritsis and C. Kounnas, Perturbative and nonperturbative partial supersymmetry breaking: N = 4 → N = 2 → N = 1, Nucl. Phys. B 503 (1997) 117 [hep-th/9703059] [INSPIRE].
E. Dudas and J. Mourad, Brane solutions in strings with broken supersymmetry and dilaton tadpoles, Phys. Lett. B 486 (2000) 172 [hep-th/0004165] [INSPIRE].
C.A. Scrucca and M. Serone, On string models with Scherk-Schwarz supersymmetry breaking, JHEP 10 (2001) 017 [hep-th/0107159] [INSPIRE].
M.J. Duncan and L.G. Jensen, Exact tunneling solutions in scalar field theory, Phys. Lett. B 291 (1992) 109 [INSPIRE].
A. Riotto and E. Roulet, Vacuum decay along supersymmetric flat directions, Phys. Lett. B 377 (1996) 60 [hep-ph/9512401] [INSPIRE].
M.A. Luty and R. Rattazzi, Soft supersymmetry breaking in deformed moduli spaces, conformal theories and N = 2 Yang-Mills theory, JHEP 11 (1999) 001 [hep-th/9908085] [INSPIRE].
S. Abel, M. Buican and Z. Komargodski, Mapping Anomalous Currents in Supersymmetric Dualities, Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 045005 [arXiv:1105.2885] [INSPIRE].
V.S. Kaplunovsky, One Loop Threshold Effects in String Unification, Nucl. Phys. B 307 (1988) 145 [Erratum ibid. B 382 (1992) 436] [hep-th/9205068] [INSPIRE].
V. Kaplunovsky and J. Louis, On gauge couplings in string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 444 (1995) 191 [hep-th/9502077] [INSPIRE].
Z. Lalak, S. Lavignac and H.P. Nilles, String dualities in the presence of anomalous U(1) symmetries, Nucl. Phys. B 559 (1999) 48 [hep-th/9903160] [INSPIRE].
S.L. Parameswaran, S. Ramos-Sanchez and I. Zavala, On Moduli Stabilisation and de Sitter Vacua in MSSM Heterotic Orbifolds, JHEP 01 (2011) 071 [arXiv:1009.3931] [INSPIRE].
L.J. Dixon, V. Kaplunovsky and J. Louis, Moduli dependence of string loop corrections to gauge coupling constants, Nucl. Phys. B 355 (1991) 649 [INSPIRE].
P. Mayr and S. Stieberger, Threshold corrections to gauge couplings in orbifold compactifications, Nucl. Phys. B 407 (1993) 725 [hep-th/9303017] [INSPIRE].
E. Kiritsis and C. Kounnas, Infrared regularization of superstring theory and the one loop calculation of coupling constants, Nucl. Phys. B 442 (1995) 472 [hep-th/9501020] [INSPIRE].
C. Angelantonj, I. Florakis and B. Pioline, Rankin-Selberg methods for closed strings on orbifolds, JHEP 07 (2013) 181 [arXiv:1304.4271] [INSPIRE].
A. Giveon, M. Porrati and E. Rabinovici, Target space duality in string theory, Phys. Rept. 244 (1994) 77 [hep-th/9401139] [INSPIRE].
G. Lopes Cardoso, D. Lüst and T. Mohaupt, Moduli spaces and target space duality symmetries in (0,2) Z(N) orbifold theories with continuous Wilson lines, Nucl. Phys. B 432 (1994) 68 [hep-th/9405002] [INSPIRE].
I. Antoniadis, E. Gava, K.S. Narain and T.R. Taylor, Effective μ-term in superstring theory, Nucl. Phys. B 432 (1994) 187 [hep-th/9405024] [INSPIRE].
I. Florakis and J. Rizos, Chiral Heterotic Strings with Positive Cosmological Constant, Nucl. Phys. B 913 (2016) 495 [arXiv:1608.04582] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1609.01311
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Abel, S. A dynamical mechanism for large volumes with consistent couplings. J. High Energ. Phys. 2016, 85 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2016)085
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2016)085