No evidence of differential impact of sunflower and rapeseed oil on biomarkers of coronary artery disease or chronic kidney disease in healthy adults with overweight and obesity: result from a randomised control trial

Table 6 Plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6 and MMP-9) at weeks 0, 6 and 12 of the intervention

	Rapeseed oil (n = 21)		Sunflower oil (n = 21)		Control (n = 19)		p score¹	p change²
	Score	Δ (change)	Score	Δ (change)	Score	Δ (change)	p score¹	p change²
IL-6 (pg/mL)
Baseline	1.2	–	0.2	–	1.2	–	0.38	–
Week 6	1.2	0.0	1.2	0.0	1.2	0.0	0.56	0.37
Week 12	1.2	0.0	1.2	0.0	1.2	0.0	0.34	0.23
TNF-α (pg/mL)
Baseline	1.8 (1.8–2.7)	–	1.8 (1.8–2.6)	–	2.0 (1.8–2.7)	–	0.59	–
Week 6	1.8 (1.8–2.1)	0.0	1.8 (1.8–3.4)	0.0 (0.0 to 0.5)	1.8 (1.8–2.7)	0.0 (− 0.2 to 0.0)	0.64	0.75
Week 12	1.8 (1.8–2.1)	0.0	1.8	0.0 (− 0.3 to 0.0)	1.8 (1.8–2.7)	0.0 (− 0.2 to 0.0)	0.92	0.51
MMP-9 (ng/ml)
Baseline	103.3 (81.8–122.5)	–	100.0 (77.1–134.0)	–	81.1 (67.1–123.2)	–	0.60
Week 6	95.1 (79.2–123.2)	3.6 (− 11.4 to 23.9)	91.2 (72.3–113.0)	− 5.0 (− 28.3 to 14.5)	83.9 (57.2–116.3)	− 1.1 (− 23.1 to 34.9)	0.78	0.58
Week 12	74.4 (63.1–126.6)	− 8.3 (− 39.0 to 20.2)	87.7 (67.2–96.6)	− 27.6 (− 64.5 to 2.2)	75.0 (56.9–119.0)	− 9.7 (− 30.0 to 14.3)	0.99	0.31

Data are presented as medians (IQR)
¹Kruskal–Wallis tested differences between groups at baseline. One-way ANCOVA investigated concentration differences between groups at weeks 6 and 12, after adjusting for baseline values. Statistical significance: pscore < 0.05
²One-way ANOVA investigated differences between groups in concentration changes from baseline at weeks 6 and 12. Statistical significance: pchange < 0.05. Friedman’s two-way analysis of variance was used to assess differences within groups. Plasma samples were missing from 10 participants at baseline (4 RO, 3 SO, 3 control), 14 participants at week 6 (5 RO, 5 SO, 4 control) and 10 participants at week 12 (4 RO, 4 SO, 2 control). *Indicated a significant difference from baseline (p < 0.05, none observed in this table)