Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants in the Swedish National March Cohort by adherence to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 (NNR2023) score
Characteristics | Total sample | Adherence to the NNR2023 | p-value* | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 34,898 | Low (< 6.3 points) (n = 9055) | Moderate (6.3–7.2 points) (n = 17,789) | High (> 7.2 points) (n = 8054) | ||||||
Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | ||
Age (years) | 49.4 | (15.8) | 51.4 | (15.7) | 49.5 | (16.0) | 47.0 | (15.1) | < 0.001 |
Physical activity (METh/day) | 40.1 | (13.8) | 38.8 | (14.4) | 39.7 | 13.6 | 42.3 | (13.3) | < 0.001 |
Alcohol (grams/month) | 347 | (626) | 525 | (1039) | 315 | (406) | 220 | (258) | < 0.001 |
Energy intake (kcal/day) | 2042 | (536) | 2023 | (569) | 2052 | (533) | 2044 | (503) | < 0.001 |
n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||||||||
Female | 22,981 | (65.9) | 3815 | (42.2) | 12,115 | (68.1) | 7051 | (87.6) | < 0.001 |
Male | 11,917 | (34.2) | 5240 | (57.9) | 5674 | (31.9) | 1003 | (12.5) | |
BMI categories | |||||||||
Normal weight, < 25 kg/m2 | 20,579 | (61.6) | 4538 | (52.9) | 10,494 | (61.6) | 5547 | (71.3) | < 0.001 |
Overweight, ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 10,537 | (31.6) | 3286 | (38.3) | 5368 | (31.5) | 1883 | (24.2) | |
Obesity, ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 2271 | (6.8) | 758 | (8.8) | 1166 | (6.9) | 347 | (4.5) | |
Level of education, > 13 years | 10,248 | (29.7) | 2243 | (25.0) | 5174 | (29.4) | 2831 | (35.5) | < 0.001 |
Smoking status | |||||||||
Never | 20,914 | (64.9) | 4499 | (55.7) | 11189 | (67.7) | 5226 | (68.8) | < 0.001 |
Former | 8686 | (27.0) | 2599 | (32.2) | 4168 | (25.2) | 1919 | (25.3) | |
Current | 2603 | (8.1) | 978 | (12.1) | 1175 | (7.1) | 450 | (5.9) | |
Risk factors | |||||||||
Hypertension (yes) | 3325 | (9.8) | 976 | (11.3) | 1778 | (10.3) | 571 | (7.3) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes type II, (yes) | 547 | (1.7) | 186 | (2.2) | 274 | (1.6) | 87 | (1.1) | < 0.001 |
Lipid disturbance, (yes) | 768 | (2.3) | 236 | (2.8) | 404 | (2.4) | 128 | (1.6) | < 0.001 |