Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Account

Table 2 Baseline clinical characteristics regarding development of severe diabetic retinopathy

From: Frequent physical activity is associated with reduced risk of severe diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes

 

No retinopathy

Retinopathy

p value

N

1351

261

 

Sex (men %)

44.3

48.1

0.261

Age (years)

37.3 ± 11.9

35.6 ± 11.7

0.036

Duration of diabetes (years)

18.7 ± 12.0

19.8 ± 9.8

0.160

BMI (kg/m2)

25.1 ± 3.6

25.5 ± 3.5

0.048

WHR men

0.90 ± 0.07

0.90 ± 0.07

0.755

WHR women

0.82 ± 0.06

0.82 ± 0.06

0.211

SBP (mmHg)

131 ± 16

134 ± 17

0.003

DBP (mmHg)

78 ± 9

80 ± 10

0.001

HbA1c (%)

8.0 ± 1.2

9.1 ± 1.6

< 0.001

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

64 ± 14

76 ± 17

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.75 ± 0.84

4.94 ± 0.89

0.001

HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.49 ± 0.40

1.37 ± 0.40

< 0.001

LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

2.80 ± 0.77

2.98 ± 0.79

0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

0.92 (0.71–1.28)

1.04 (0.82–1.53)

< 0.001

AHT (%)

20.8

31.3

< 0.001

Beta-blockers (%)

5.3

5.4

0.944

Ever-smokers (%)

41.5

49.2

0.023

eGFR

99 ± 21

99 ± 21

0.941

  1. Data are mean ± SD, median (IQR) or percentages
  2. WHR Waist-to-hip ratio; AHT antihypertensive medication; SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure; LTPA leisure-time physical activity
Back to article page