Fig. 8
A–E Forest plots indicating and visualizing the treatment effect (“TE”) size in diagnostic odds ratio in the context of predicting shunt response in iNPH patients are shown for each of the following radiological markers, in this order: “Callosal angle”, “Periventricular white matter”, “DESH”, “CT cisternography” and “Cerebral blood flow” (n = 14 studies) [2, 5, 14, 16, 20, 23, 26, 27, 33, 34, 59, 60, 62, 64]. The size of the grey square of the “Diagnostic Odds Ratio” visual correlates to study sample size and the straight line indicated the confidence interval. The diamond at the bottom indicates the overall pooled odds ratio. The red bar below it indicates the prediction interval. Heterogeneity is indicated by the chi-squared statistic (I 2) with associated r2 and p-value. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) are shown in squared bracket ([]). p-value < 0.05 is deemed significant. Furthermore, for every study the following are displayed: study author with publication date (“Study”), total sample size number for each study (“Total”), and standard error of the treatment effect (“seTE”), test for significance of overall effect size as t4 and p-value, and weighting of each study in percentage (%). Significant pooled odds ratios were yielded for “Callosal angle” (A) and “Periventricular white matter” (B) (both p < 0.01), however “DESH” (C), “CT cisternography” (D) and “Cerebral blood flow” (E) yielded insignificant pooled odds ratios (p > 0.05). DESH, disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus