Table 14 The use of deep white matter hyperintensities for prediction of shunt response in iNPH
Study | Sample size | Radiological methodology | Cutoff specification | Image specification | Image plane | Main reported outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agerskov et al. [2] | n = 168 | •Evaluated using ordinal scale graded 0–3 | •N/A | •MRI 1.5 T. Trans-axial FLAIR images | •Trans-axial | •0 had grade 0, 46% had grade 1, 37% had grade 2 and 17% had grade 3. There was no difference, in each grade, between SR and SNR •There were significant (p < 0.05) but weak negative correlations between grade and composite score. (-0.22, -0.21, -0.17 for total, gait, and cognition respectively.) |
Narita et al. [41] | n = 103 | •According to Fazekas et al. [12] | •N/A | •3D T1-weighted MRI obtained with a Signa 1.5 T MR imaging unit | •Transverse plane | •No significant association with post-surgical improvement reported. (Regression coefficient for total score, gait, cognitive, urinary subsections, TUG and MMSE was − 0.20, − 0.07, 0.01, -0.14, 0.53, 0.10 respectively p > 0.1) |
Virhammar et al. [60] | n = 108 | •Graded 0–3 •0 = no lesions •1 = punctate foci •2 = beginning of confluence of foci •3 = large confluent areas | •N/A | •T2- FLAIR MRI. (9% of patients on 3 T scanner; 70% on a 1.5 T scanner, 14% on a 1 T scanner and 7% on a 0.5 T scanner | •Transverse plane in center of 3rd ventricle in AP direction | •OR between SR and SNR: 0.75 (0.42–1.33), p = 0.33) was statistically insignificant. There was no statistical difference in outcomes between less severe and severe DWMH |
Hong et al. [20] | n = 31 | •••Measured using Fazekas et al. [12] ordinal scale from 0–3 | •N/A | •3.0 Tesla MRI, T2-FLAIR | •Transverse | •There was no significant difference between SR and SNR within each grade (p = 0.054). Grade 0 had 2 SR and 3 SNR, Grade 1 had 15 SR and 6 SNR, Grade 2 had 0 SR and 3 SNR and grade 3 had 0 SR and 1 SNR. Univariate analysis showed an OR: 0.00 (95% CI: 0.974) was insignificant at p = 0.999 |