Abstract
The present research was conducted to assess physiological responses of ‘Malas-e-Saveh’ (Malas) and ‘Shishe-Kab’ (Shishe) pomegranates to water of different salt content and electrical conductivity (1.05, 4.61, and 7.46 dS m−1). Both cultivars showed a reduced trunk length due to salinity. Relative water content and stomatal conductivity of both cultivars were significantly reduced under salt stress, but ion leakage increased. In both cultivars, total chlorophyll (Chl) and carbohydrates decreased with rise in salinity, while proline accumulation increased. With salinity increment, the Chl fluorescence parameters (maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and effective quantum yield of PSII) declined significantly in both cultivars, with higher reduction observed in Shishe. Generally, more Na+ accumulated in shoots and more Cl− was observed in leaves. Cl− accumulation increased by salinity in leaves of Malas, but it was reduced in Shishe. The K+/Na+ ratio in leaves decreased in both cultivars by salinity increment. Malas was less affected by osmotic effects of NaCl, but it accumulated more Cl− in its leaves. Thus, Malas might be more affected by negative effects of salinity.
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Abbreviations
- ABA:
-
abscisic acid
- C:
-
control
- Chl:
-
chlorophyll
- DM:
-
dry mass
- EC:
-
electrical conductivity
- F0 :
-
the minimal fluorescence in the dark-adapted state
- Fe:
-
iron
- Fm :
-
the maximal fluorescence in the dark-adapted state
- FM:
-
fresh mass
- Fs :
-
minimum Chl fluorescence in the light-adapted state
- Fv :
-
the variable fluorescence
- Fv/Fm :
-
maximum PSII photochemical efficiency
- Fm′:
-
maximum Chl fluorescence in the light-adapted state
- g s :
-
stomatal conductance
- LIL:
-
leaf ion leakage
- Malas:
-
Malas-e-Saveh
- qN :
-
nonphotochemical quenching
- qP:
-
photochemical quenching
- RWC:
-
relative water content
- S1:
-
EC of 4.61 dS m−1
- S2:
-
EC of 7.46 dS m−1
- Shishe:
-
Shishe-Kab
- SLA:
-
specific leaf area
- SLM:
-
specific leaf mass
- SSP:
-
soil-saturated paste
- TD:
-
trunk diameter
- TL:
-
trunk length
- TM:
-
turgid mass
- ΦPSII :
-
effective quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion in PSII
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Acknowledgments: We gratefully acknowledge Farid Moradinezhad, Alireza Samadzadeh, Yasin Helalbeigi, and Masoud Khazaee for their capable technical assistance.
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Khayyat, M., Tehranifar, A., Davarynejad, G.H. et al. Vegetative growth, compatible solute accumulation, ion partitioning and chlorophyll fluorescence of ‘Malas-e-Saveh’ and ‘Shishe-Kab’ pomegranates in response to salinity stress. Photosynthetica 52, 301–312 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-014-0034-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-014-0034-9