Abstract
Monochamus alternatus, the main vector beetles of invasive pinewood nematode, has established a symbiotic relationship with a native ectotrophic fungal symbiont, Sporothrix sp. 1, in China. The immune response of M. alternatus to S. sp. 1 in the coexistence of beetles and fungi is, however, unknown. Here, we report that immune responses of M. alternatus pupae to infection caused by ectotrophic symbiotic fungus S. sp. 1 and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana differ significantly. The S. sp. 1 did not kill the beetles while B. bassiana killed all upon injection. The transcriptome results showed that the numbers of differentially expressed genes in M. alternatus infected with S. sp. 1 were 2-fold less than those infected with B. bassiana at 48 hours post infection. It was noticed that Toll and IMD pathways played a leading role in the beetle’s immune system when infected by symbiotic fungus, but upon infection by entomopathogenic fungus, only the Toll pathway gets triggered actively. Furthermore, the beetles could tolerate the infection of symbiotic fungi by retracing their Toll and IMD pathways at 48 h. This study provided a comprehensive sequence resource of M. alternatus transcriptome for further study of the immune interactions between host and associated fungi.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Forestry Industry Research Special Funds for Public Welfare Project (201204501), National Key Plan for Scientific Research and Development of China (2016YFC1200604, 2016YFD0500300), the High Technology Research and Development Program (HTRDP) of China (2014AA020529), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31572272, 31370650, 31402013, 31221091, 31672291, L1524009), the CAS Key Research Projects of the Frontier Science (QYZDBSSW- SMC014), and CAS (2015-SM-C-02).
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Table S1 FPKM values of DETs in intracellular signaling pathways of fungal infected M. alternatus
Table S2 Primers used in quantitative real-time PCR analysis
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Zhang, W., Meng, J., Ning, J. et al. Differential immune responses of Monochamus alternatus against symbiotic and entomopathogenic fungi. Sci. China Life Sci. 60, 902–910 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-017-9102-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-017-9102-y