Table 1 Characteristics and results of the included studies
From: Proteomics in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Bazzichi [39] | Ciregia [38] | Fineschi [37] | Han [46] | Hsu [45•] | Khoonsari [41] | Khoonsari [42] | Ramirez-Tejero [40] | Ruggiero [43] | Wahlen [44] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | 2009 | 2018 | 2022 | 2020 | 2021 | 2018 | 2018 | 2018 | 2014 | 2020 | |
Οrigin | Italy | Italy | Sweden | Taiwan | Taiwan | Sweden | Sweden | Spain | Italy | Sweden | |
Funding | NR | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | NR | Yes | No | Yes | |
Biological fluid used | Saliva | Saliva | Serum | Serum | Serum, urine | CSF | CSF | Plasma | Serum | Plasma | |
Recruitment site | NR | Rheumatology Unit | Health Care Center, Pain Clinic | University Hospital | Outpatient Clinics | FMS Association | Outpatient Dept of Rehabilitation | FMS Association | NR | Part of RCT | |
Patients (n) | 22 | 30a | 30 | 20 | 30 | 39 | 13 | 12 | 16 | 30 | |
Controls (n) | 26 HC | 30 RA, 30 MG, 30 HCa | 24 HCb | 20 HC | 25 HC | 38 HC | 11 RA, 8 OND | 12 HC | 12 HC | 31 HC | |
Age (years) | Patients | 43.4 ± 13.2 | 49.9 ± 12.5 | 48.8 ± 10.9 | 52.9 ± 9.6 | 52.1 ± 2.0 | 47.2 ± 9.2 | 47 (25–60)f | 50.6 ± 6.3 | 52 ± 12 | 54 (13)e |
Controls | 38.8 ± 11.5 | 45.4 ± 13.2 RA, 46.4 ± 14.3 MG, 42.6 ± 6.2 HC | 50.0 ± 11.5 | 47.5 ± 7.5 | 51.2 ± 1.8 | 47.9 ± 14.4 | 52 (39–59)f RA, 53 (45–60)f OND | 47.6 ± 7.9 | 48 ± 13 | 57 (9)e | |
Sex (n) | Patients | F | 51 F, 9 M | - | F | 29 F, 1 M | F | F | F | F | F |
Controls | F | 52 F, 8 M RA | - | F | 24 F, 1 M | 5 F, 33 M | F | F | F | F | |
46 F, 14 M MG 40 F, 20 M HC | |||||||||||
ACR criteria used | 1990 | NR | 2009, 2016 | 2010 | 2011 | 1990 | 1990 | 1990 | 2010 | 1990 | |
Duration of diagnosis | - | 5.2 ± 4.3 yrs | - | 9.1 ± 8.9 yrs | - | - | - | - | 6.3 ± 4.5 mo | 12 (14)e yrs | |
BMI (kg/m2) | - | - | - | 22.8 ± 4.0 | - | 25.8 ± 8.4 | - | - | 27 ± 5 | 26 (6)e | |
VAS | 7.9 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 2.5 P | - | 5.0 ± 2.2 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | - | 6.7 FM | 5.6 ± 2.8 | 5.7 ± 3.1c | 5.0 (3.6)c,e | |
7.7 ± 2.5 Fa | 2.5 RA | ||||||||||
4.5 ± 3.1 An | |||||||||||
PPT (kPa) | - | - | - | 230.5 ± 102 | - | - | - | - | - | 175 (88)e | |
Tender points (n) | 14 ± 3 | 16 ± 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 16 (2)e | |
WPI | - | - | 12.8 ± 2.6 | 7.4 ± 4.8 | 8 ± 1 | - | - | - | - | - | |
FIQ | 66.8 ± 14.4 | 61 ± 15 | - | 43.5 ± 12.7 | - | - | - | 52.4 ± 17.1 | 61.8 ± 21.9 | 58 (24)e | |
FACIT | - | 23 ± 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
PCS-12 | - | 47 ± 24d | - | - | - | - | - | 33.5 ± 9.2 | - | - | |
MCS-12 | - | 48 ± 19d | - | - | - | - | - | 38.5 ± 14 | - | - | |
SSS | - | - | - | 5.1 ± 2.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
PSQI | - | 13.0 ± 3.1 | - | 10.4 ± 3.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
BAI | - | - | - | 13.9 ± 8.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
BDI | - | - | - | 14.0 ± 9.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
HADS | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 13 (14)e | |
Proteomics methodology | 2-DE/MALDI-TOF/TOF | 2-DE/SELDI-TOF MS | Olink proteomics | LC–MS/MS | NanoLC-MS/MS, QTOF | NanoLC-MS/MS | LC–MS/MS | NanoLC-MS/MS | 2-DE/MS MS, MALDI-TOF/TOF | 2-DE/MS | |
Database used | UniProt | - | - | UniProt | UniProt | UniProt | UniProt | UniProt | NCBI | UniProt | |
Identified proteins (n) | 13 | 467 | 94 | 375 | 8 | 299 | 1422 | 266 | 3 | 381 | |
Different proteins (n) | 11 | 17 | 19 | 22 | 8 | 4 | 10 | 33 | 3 | 18 | |