Abstract
The ionic liquid (IL) tributylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([N4441][NTf2]) was used as neat lubricant and as an additive (1.5 wt%) in a polar oil to study its friction and wear reducing properties. Tribological tests were completed for 90 minutes at room temperature and 100 °C in a reciprocating configuration at loads of 30 and 70 N, 10 Hz-frequency, and 4 mm stroke length. Wear volume was measured by confocal microscopy and the surface-IL interaction determined by XPS. The main findings were that neat IL showed the best tribological behavior; the IL-containing mixture behaved similar to the base oil regarding friction, however outperformed the antiwear behavior of the base oil under higher temperature; surface-IL chemical interaction was found mainly at 100 °C.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank to the Foundation for the Promotion in Asturias of the Applied Scientific Research and Technology (FICYT) and the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain) for supporting this work in the framework of the research projects Lubrication and Surface Technology (GRUPIN14-023) and STARLUBE (DPI2013-48348-C2-1-R). Rubén González made part of this work during a research stay at Bournemouth University (UK).
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Rubén GONZÁLEZ. He received his B.S. degree in marine engineering in 2000 and obtained his PhD degree in 2007 from the University of Oviedo (Spain). From 2006 to 2010 he taught and researched at the Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering of the University of Oviedo (Spain). Currently he is associate professor at the Department of Nautical Science and Technology of the University of Oviedo (Spain). He is also senior visiting research fellow in Bournemouth University (United Kingdom) from 2009. His research areas cover coatings (thermal spray and laser cladding), and the use of ionic liquids and nanoparticles in lubricants.
Diego RAMOS. He received his bachelor degree in mechanical engineering in 2009 and his M.S. degree in industrial engineering in 2013 from University of León (Spain). After then, in 2015, he started to work in the tribology field at University of Oviedo. He has been pursuing the PhD degree from 2016 to now at the same University, focused on the use of ionic liquids in the formulation of lubricants.
David BLANCO. He received his bachelor degree in chemical engineering in 2006 from University of Oviedo. After then, he started to work in the tribology field, obtaining his PhD degree in tribology in 2011 from the same university. His main research objectives in recent years have been focused on the use of ionic liquids in the formulation of lubricants.
Alfonso FERNÁNDEZ-GONZÁLEZ. He received his bachelor degree in chemistry in 1997 and his master of science degree in chemistry in 1999, both in the Universidad de Oviedo. He got his PhD degree in chemistry in the Physical and Analytical Chemistry Department of the same university. After that, he was post-doctoral researcher in Dresden (Germany), Madrid (Spain) and Kiev (Ucraine), and he is currently assistant lecturer in the Universidad de Oviedo. His research lines include XPS, FTIR spectroscopies and sensor development.
Jose L. VIESCA. He received his M.S. and PhD degrees in mining engineering from University of Vigo and University of Oviedo, Spain, in 2000 and 2007, respectively. Subsequently, he also obtained a degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Salamanca and an MBA from the University of Oviedo. He joined the University of Oviedo from 2004 and his current position is an associate professor. He has been Director of Energy and Innovation of the state public company HUNOSA (Spain). His research interests include nanoparticles and ionic liquids as lubricant additives.
Mark HADFIELD. He is a professor within the Department of Design and Engineering with research theme responsibility of “Tribology and Design”. He has been a member of staff at Bournemouth University since 1997 and a professor since 2001. Before this he was a lecturer at Brunel University from 1993 within the Mechanical Engineering Department. He has industrial experience as a senior project engineer with AE Wellworthy Ltd (FEA). Mark has also worked at the Royal Aircraft Establishment in Farnborough working on FEA optimisation programs and at Marchant Filer and Dixon Consultant Design Engineers in Romsey. He completed the BEng degree in mechanical engineering at Brunel University in 1988. Mark completed a Science and Engineering Research Council PhD studentship also at Brunel University from 1990 to 1993.
Antolin HERNÁNDEZ BATTEZ. He received his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Cienfuegos (Cuba) in 1996 and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Oviedo (Spain) in 2002. He joined the University of Oviedo as a lecturer in 2001 and his current position is an associate professor. Since 2009 he is also a visiting research fellow at Bournemouth University (UK). His research areas cover the use of coatings, nanomaterials and ionic liquids in lubrication.
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González, R., Ramos, D., Blanco, D. et al. Tribological performance of tributylmethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide as neat lubricant and as an additive in a polar oil. Friction 7, 282–288 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-018-0231-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-018-0231-9