Abstract
Nanodiamond particles (NDPs) have been considered as a potential lubricant additive to various tribological applications, such as water lubrication systems. In this study, the tribological properties of silicon carbide (SiC) lubricated by NDPs dispersed in water are investigated utilizing the ball-on-disk tribometer. It is found that the slight addition of NDP to water (i.e., 0.001 wt%) can distinctly accelerate the running-in process, which is necessary to achieve a friction coefficient (μ) as low as 0.01. This study also discusses two NDP functional terminations —hydroxyl and carboxyl. It is demonstrated that the use of carboxyl-terminated NDP over a wide range of concentration (0.001 wt%–1 wt%) yields a low friction force. In contrast, the ideal effective concentration of hydroxyl-terminated NDP is considerably limited because agglomeration in this material is more probable to occur than in the former. Meanwhile, when utilizing NDPs, the input friction energy (Pin, defined as the product of sliding speed and applied load) is found to have an essential function. Several sliding tests were implemented at various Pin values (50–1,500 mW) using carboxyl-terminated water-dispersed NDPs. It was observed that the μ and wear decreased with increasing Pin when 200 mW < Pin < 1,500 mW. However, when Pin < 200 mW, low friction with high wear occurs compared with the resulting friction and wear when pure water is used.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express sincerely thanks to the Daicel Corporation for providing nanodiamond, and Mr. Norihiro Kimoto from Daicel Corporation for his valuable discussion.
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Xudong WANG. He got his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physic and engineering from University of Paris-Saclay, France, in 2016 and 2020, respectively. His research interests include tribology, nanomaterials, and computational science of multiphysics.
Hirotsuna SATO. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical engineering from Tohoku University, Japan, in 2012, 2014, and 2017, respectively. His current position is a researcher of Hino Motors, Ltd. His research areas cover tribology and underlying technologies of diesel engines.
Koshi ADACHI. He graduated in mechanical engineering from Tohoku University in 1988 and obtained his Ph.D. for research in tribology from Tohoku University, Japan, in 1998. He is currently a full professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University. He is the head of Laboratory of Tribology and Nanointerface Engineering and director of Center for Tribologically-based Machine Design, in Division of Mechanical Engineering, Tohoku University. His research interests span a wide range of tribology, including fundamental and application of tribology, with a particular interest in friction and wear mechanisms of advanced materials, technology for super-low friction, science and technology for running-in control. He is currently challenging to establish new concept named as “Tribologically-based Machine Design” and “Science of running-in”.
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Wang, X., Sato, H. & Adachi, K. Low friction in self-mated silicon carbide tribosystem using nanodiamond as lubricating additive in water. Friction 9, 598–611 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0423-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0423-y