The Vaginal Microbiota, Human Papillomavirus Infection, and Cervical Carcinogenesis: A Systematic Review in the Latina Population

Mancilla, Vianney; Jimenez, Nicole R.; Bishop, Naomi S.; Flores, Melissa; Herbst-Kralovetz, Melissa M.

doi:10.1007/s44197-024-00201-z

Table 2 Study Characteristics and Key Findings of the Included Articles

From: The Vaginal Microbiota, Human Papillomavirus Infection, and Cervical Carcinogenesis: A Systematic Review in the Latina Population

ID#	First Author (Publication Year)	NParticipants	NOutcomeGrp	NCtrlGrp	Age range	Location	HPV outcome	Abnormal cytology outcome	Cervical cancer outcome	Sample collections	Bacteria identified	Other findings
1	Nieves-Ramirez et al. (2021)	228	121	107	21 +	Mexico City, Mexico	✓	✓	⎽	Vaginal swab	⎽	Alpha diversity: individuals with SILs had significantlty higher species richness and evenness compared to non-SILs; beta diversity: SILs explains 1.4% of the variation in vaginal bacterial community structure
2	Mosmann et al. (2021)	100	50	50	18–67	Córdoba, Argentina	⎽	✓	⎽	Cytobrush	Chlamydia trachomatis	⎽
3	Carrillo-Ng et al. (2021)	833	200	633	27–43	Cajamarca, Peru	✓	⎽	⎽	Cytobrush	Eubacterium, Actinobacteria, Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus	⎽
4	Hernandez-Rosas et al. (2021)	1000	272	728	18–65	Sonora, Mexico	✓	⎽	⎽	Cytobrush	Actinomyces	⎽
5	Conde-Ferráez et al. (2017)	233	63	170	15–49	Merida, Yucatan, Mexico	✓	⎽	⎽	Cytobrush	Chlamydia trachomatis	⎽
6	Vargas-Robles et al. (2020)	111	74	21	12–53	Venezuela	✓	⎽	⎽	Vaginal swab	Anaerococcus tetradius, Coriobacteriaceae, Prevotella spp., Prevotella amnii	Lactobacillus dominance: L. iners was the most abundant taxa; alpha diversity: no associations were detected for any of the HPV types; beta diversity: microbiota diversity did not differ significantly according to HPV status
7	Torres-Poveda et al. (2019)	115,651	15,040	100,611	25–64	Mexico	✓	⎽	⎽	Biopsy	⎽	⎽
8	Bristow et al. (2019)	300	35	265	18 +	Tijuana, Mexico	⎽	✓	⎽	Vaginal swab	Chlamydia trachomatis	⎽
9	Romero-Morelos et al. (2018)	177	73	104	⎽	Guerrero, Mexico	✓	✓	⎽	Cytobrush	⎽	⎽
10	Melo et al. (2016)	151	57	94	18–24	Temuco, Chile	✓	⎽	⎽	Cytobrush	Chlamydia trachomatis	⎽
11	Mongelos et al. (2015)	181	42	139	23–41	Paraguay	✓	⎽	⎽	Cytobrush	Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis	⎽
12	Lippman et al. (2010)	386	135	251	18–40	Sao Paulo, Brazil	✓	⎽	⎽	Vaginal swab	⎽	⎽
13	Soto et al. (2007)	60	30	30	⎽	Havana, Cuba	✓	✓	⎽	Ecto/endocervical scrapings	Mycoplasma spp.	⎽
14	DeLuca et al. (2006)	189	89	100	15–58	Resistencia, Argentina	✓	✓	⎽	Cytobrush	Chlamydia trachomatis	⎽
15	Tonon et al. (2004)	207	133	74	12–64	Misiones, Argentina	✓	✓	⎽	Cytobrush	Gardnerella vaginalis	⎽
16	Somesh-Vikramdeo et al. (2022)	11	7	4	20–62	Mobile, Alabama	✓	✓	⎽	Biopsy	Rubellimicrobium, Pedobacter, Brevibacterium, Paracoccus, Fannyhessea, Brevundimonous, Comamonas, Novosphingobium	Lactobacillus depletion: decreased abundance of Lactobacillus in Hispanic compared to Non-Hispanic White suggests an increased risk of colonization of the pathogenic microbes; alpha diversity: no difference in species richness and evenness according to CIN or HPV status
17	Manzanares-Leal et al. (2022)	120	60	60	21–71	Mexico	⎽	⎽	✓	Vaginal swab	Corynebacterium amycolatum, Staphylococcus epidermidis	⎽
18	Sanchez-Garcia et al. (2019)	201	78	123	18–50	Tabasco, Mexico	✓	⎽	⎽	Vaginal swab	Chlamydia trachomatis	⎽
19	de Oliveira Ignacio et al. (2018)	150	68	82	19–50 +	Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil	✓	⎽	⎽	Vaginal swab, Cytobrush	⎽	⎽
20	Godoy-Vitorino et al. (2018)	62	52	10	21–50	San Juan, Puerto Rico	✓	✓	⎽	Vaginal swab	Lactobacillus kitasatonis, Tissierella praeacuta, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella timonensis, Lactobacillus fornicalis, Prevotella amnii, Parvimonas micra, Lactobacillus crispatus	Lactobacillus dominance: L. iners was the most common high-abundance bacterial taxon, present in more than 83% of the samples, regardless of HPV risk and lesions; alpha—Shannon bacterial diversity was significantly higher in introitus and cervix of CIN 3 compared to CIN 1 patients (P = 0.033 and P = 0.031)
21	Łaniewski et al. (2018)	100	49	51	⎽	Phoenix, Arizona	✓	✓	✓	Vaginal swab, Cervicovaginal lavage	Lactobacillus iners, Sneathia spp., Fannyhessea spp., Parvimonas spp., Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella spp., Megasphaera spp., Lactobacillus crispatus, Shuttleworthia spp.	Lactobacillus depletion: Hispanic ethnicity was associated with depletion of lactobacilli
22	Gomes de Oliveira et al. (2017)	1346	1192	154	17–81	Fortaleza, Brazil	✓	✓	⎽	Not specified	⎽	⎽
23	Audirac-Chalifour et al. (2016)	32	12	20	22–61	Morelos, Mexico & Mexico City, Mexico	✓	✓	✓	Not specified	Sneathia spp., Megasphaera elsdenii, Shuttleworthia satelles, Lactobacillus iners, Lacobacillus crispatus, Fusobacterium necrophorum	Beta diversity: the CC samples showed the highest variation among groups (HPV, cervical dysplasia, and CC); phylogenetic diversity—significant difference in SIL vs. CC where microbiota diversity in CC cases is higher than in the non-cervical lesions group
24	Clarke et al. (2012)	9165	3065	6100	18–100	Guanacaste, Costa Rica	✓	⎽	⎽	Vaginal swab	⎽	⎽
25	Escarcega-Tame et al. (2020)	189	107	82	18–50	Mexico City, Mexico	✓	✓	✓	Endocervical brush	Chlamydia trachomatis	⎽

The data extraction table reports study authors and publication year, number of participants, number of participants in the outcome and control group, the age range of participants, the location of the study, the types of outcomes studied: HPV, abnormal cytology or dysplasia, and cervical cancer, sample collection method, bacteria identified in outcome or control groups, and other microbiome metrics, such as Lactobacillus dominance, depletion, and diversity

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