Two-year home-based nocturnal noninvasive ventilation added to rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A randomized controlled trial

Table 4 Changes in Pulmonary function

	Change up to 24 months
FEV₁ - liters
N+R - mean (95% CI)	-0.03 (-0.10 to 0.05)
R - mean (95% CI)	-0.14 (-0.20 to -0.08) ^†
Adjusted difference in change - mean (95% CI)*	0.12 (0.02 to 0.21) ‡
VC - liters
N+R - mean (95% CI)	-0.01 (-0.19 to 0.17)
R - mean (95% CI)	-0.20 (-0.35 to -0.04) ^†
Adjusted difference in change - mean (95% CI)*	0.19 (-0.05 to 0.42)
RV/%TLC
N+R - mean (95% CI)	0.8 (-5.3 to 7.1)
R - mean (95% CI)	0.8 (-4.4 to 6.1)
Adjusted difference in change - mean (95% CI)*	0.2 (-8.0 to 8.4)
P_Imax - kPa
N+R - mean (95% CI)	1.1 (0.4 to 2.5)
R - mean (95% CI)	-0.6 (-1.9 to 0.6)
Adjusted difference in change - mean (95% CI)*	1.7 (-0.0 to 3.6)

Data presented are mean changes (95% confidence intervals). * The differences in change are the treatment effects or between groups differences in change (95% CI), with adjustment for the baseline values. Lung volumes and P_Imax were measured until 12 months only.
FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 second in L; VC: maximal vital capacity, L; RV%TLC: residual volume as a percentage of total lung capacity; P_Imax: maximal inspiratory pressure in kPa. N+R: NIPPV + rehabilitation group; R: rehabilitation group.
^†: p < 0.05, significant difference in change over time within a group or ‡ p < 0.05: significant difference in change between groups.