Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the caregiver self-efficacy in contributing to patient self-care scale in China

Table 2 Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers and patients (N = 406)

Characteristics	Caregiver (N/ %)	Patient (N/ %)
Age (M ± SD)	56.35 ± 14.265	71.22 ± 11.929
Gender
Male	154 (37.9)	239 (58.9)
Female	252 (62.1)	167 (41.1)
Residential location
Urban	314 (77.3)	-
Town/countryside	92 (22.7)	-
Education level
Primary school or less	58 (14.3)	-
Middle school	161 (39.7)	-
High school	150 (36.9)	-
College/university degree or above	37 (9.1)	-
Relationship with patient
Spouse/partner	190 (46.8)	-
Child	197 (48.5)	-
parents	4 (1.0)	-
Sister/brother/friend	15 (3.7)	-
Living with patient	348 (85.7)	-
Times providing care to patient
<3y	61 (15.0)	-
3-6y	142 (35.0)	-
>6y	203 (50.0)	-
Work status
Manual work¹	151 (37.2)	-
Brain work²	79 (19.5)	-
Retirement	114 (28.1)	-
No work	62 (15.3)	-
Economic status (yuan/month/per individual)
<¥3000	100 (24.6)	-
¥3000–6000	193 (47.5)	-
>¥6000	113 (27.8)	-
Current marital status
Single	11 (2.7)	-
Married or have a partner	381 (93.8)	-
Divorced or widowed	14 (3.5)	-
Number of chronic illnesses
2–4	-	212 (52.2)
5–7	-	160 (39.4)
≥ 8	-	34 (8.4)

¹included professional and technical work such as administrative personnel, salespeople, and office staff; ²included tasks primarily requiring physical exertion, such as agricultural production, craftsmen, and workers in the service industry