Costs and cost-effectiveness of HIV counselling and testing modalities in Southern Mozambique

Table 3 Base-case results of HCT costs and cost-effectiveness comparisons between PICT & VCT and HBT & VCT

	VCT	PICT	HBT
HCT costs
Average cost per test^a, US$	7.79	7.14	11.07
Expected proportion of HIV⁺ individuals linked to care among those tested	0.0269	0.0588	0.0172
Cost per HIV⁺ individual linked to care, US$	289.67	121.46	643.37
Cost-effectiveness comparisons
Effect–Expected proportion of HIV⁺ individuals linked to care among those enrolled only	0.621	0.466	0.238
Incremental cost, US$	–	−0.65	3.28
Incremental effect	–	−0.155	−0.383
ICER	–	4.15	−8.57 (Dominated)^b

All costs are reported to 2 decimal places. All other figures are reported to 3 significant figures
^aAssume cost per person tested positive is equivalent to cost per test
^bA dominated scenario occurs when the comparator, in this case VCT, is less costly but more effective than HBT. HBT is said to be dominated by VCT
PICT provider-initiated counselling and testing, HBT home-based testing, VCT voluntary counselling and testing, ICER incremental cost-effectiveness ratio