Table 2 Overview of drug interactions
Study drug | Co-medication/s | Expected effect |
|---|---|---|
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | Acenocoumarol, Warfarin | Increased INR. Monitor regularly |
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | Methotrexate | Increased concentration of co-medication |
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | Probenecid | Increased concentration of study drug |
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | Mycophenolic acid | Decreased concentration of co-medication |
Pivmecillinam | Probenecid | Increased concentration of study drug |
Pivmecillinam | Methotrexate | Increased concentration of co-medication |
Pivmecillinam | Valproate/valproic acid | Both drugs decrease carnitine levels which could increase risk for hyperammonaemia |
Ciprofloxacin | Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics | Both study drug and co-medication lead to QT-elongation |
Ciprofloxacin | Probenecid, Omeprazol | Increased concentration of study drug |
Ciprofloxacin | Tizanidine, Methotrexate, Duloxetine, Ropinirole, Clozapine, Sildenafil, Agomelatine, Zolpidem, Theophylline, Phenytoin, Glibenclamide | Increased concentration of co-medication. Consider therapeutic drug monitoring. |
Ciprofloxacin | Cyclosporine | Increase in serum creatinine |
Ciprofloxacin | Vitamin K-antagonists | Increase in anticoagulant effect. Monitor INR. |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Dofetilid, Amantadine, Digoxin, Memantine, Metformin, Methotrexate, Lamivudine, Paclitaxel, Amiodarone, Dapsone, Repaglinide, Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone, Coumarins, Phenytoin. Sulfonylurea derivatives | Increased serum concentration of co-medication. Consider therapeutic drug monitoring. |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Clozapine | Risk of agranulocytosis |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus | Risk of decreased kidney function in kidney transplanted patients |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Zidovudine, Azathioprine, Mercaptopurine | Risk of haematological dysfunction |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | ACE-inhibitors, Angiotensin receptor blockers, Potassium saving diuretics, Prednisolone | Risk of hyperkalaemia |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Thiazides | Risk of thrombocytopenia |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Tricyclic antidepressants | Decreased concentration of co-medication |
Trimetoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Pyrimethamine | Risk of anaemia |
Ertapenem | Valproate/Valproic acid | Decreased concentration of co-medication |