Does hospital competition improve the quality of outpatient care? - empirical evidence from a quasi-experiment in a Chinese city

Table 4 The impacts of competition on the odds of having follow-up encounters at the same hospital outpatient department

	OLS				IV
	Estimate	SE	P-value	Sig.	Estimate	SE	P-value	Sig.
Intercept	-9.899	0.416	< 0.001	***	10.168	0.399	< 0.001	***
Log(HHI)	0.184	0.035	< 0.001	***	0.092	0.025	< 0.001	***
Log(age)	-0.045	0.095	0.634		-0.049	0.097	0.61
Gender_female
Gender_male	0.035	0.045	0.436		0.039	0.045	0.388
Insurance_working employees
Insurance_working residents	-23.251	0.16	< 0.001	***	-23.627	0.167	< 0.001	***
Insurance_non-working residents	-24.671	0.235	< 0.001	***	-24.69	0.233	< 0.001	***
Insurance_non-working employees	-21.029	0.084	< 0.001	***	-20.935	0.084	< 0.001	***
Comorbidity_no
Comorbidity_yes	-0.144	0.039	< 0.001	***	-0.12	0.039	0.002	**
Class_non-accredited
Class_first	21.397	0.218	< 0.001	***	1.149	0.164	< 0.001	***
Class_second	21.638	0.221	< 0.001	***	1.407	0.165	< 0.001	***
Class_third	21.312	0.535	< 0.001	***	1.03	0.514	0.045	*
*Random intercepts*
Time	Yes
Hospital	Yes
Individual	Yes

SE represents the standard error; Sig. represents the significance codes: < 0.001 ***, < 0.01**, < 0.05 *, < 0.01