Abstract
More than 200 countries have a coastline, and this forms the basis for their claims to territorial waters and exclusive economic zones (EEZs). Globally, about 40% of the world’s population live within the “near coastal zone”—the area below an elevation of 100 metres (m) and closer than 100 kilometres (km) from the coast (Kummu et al. 2016). The vast majority of resources for current and emerging sectors that comprise the “ocean— or blue—economy” are concentrated along coastal areas within these EEZs and must operate within a complex, multiple-use and often space-constrained context. The near coastal zone is also where the majority of many coastal nations’ commercial, residential, transport and national defence infrastructure is situated, and it is the backbone to domestic and international supply chains that deliver the marine goods and services upon which we increasingly rely.
Originally published in:
Steven, A.D.L., Appeaning Addo, K., Llewellyn, G., Vu, T.C. et al. 2020. Coastal Development: Resilience, Restoration and Infrastructure Requirements. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. www.oceanpanel.org/blue-papers/coastal-development-resilience-restoration-and-infrastructure-requirements.
Reprint by Springer International Publishing (2023) with kind permission.
Published under license from the World Resources Institute.
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Abbreviations
- ADB:
-
Asian Development Bank
- CBD:
-
Convention on Biological Diversity
- CO2:
-
Carbon dioxide
- EEZ:
-
Exclusive economic zone
- GSLR:
-
Global mean sea level rise
- ICM:
-
Integrated coastal management
- ICZM:
-
Integrated coastal zone management
- IPBES:
-
Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
- IPCC:
-
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- LMMA:
-
Locally managed marine area
- MPA:
-
Marine protected area
- NbS:
-
Nature-based Solutions
- NDC:
-
Nationally determined contribution
- NGO:
-
Non-governmental organisation
- OECM:
-
Other effective conservation measure
- PES:
-
Payments for ecosystems services
- RCP:
-
Representative Concentration Pathway
- SDG:
-
Sustainable Development Goal
- SEEA:
-
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
- TURF:
-
Territorial use right for fisheries
- SIDS:
-
Small island developing states
- UNFCCC:
-
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
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Steven, A. et al. (2023). Coastal Development: Resilience, Restoration and Infrastructure Requirements. In: Lubchenco, J., Haugan, P.M. (eds) The Blue Compendium. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16277-0_7
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