Gastarbeiter Migration Revisited: Consolidating Germany’s Position as an Immigration Country

Table 9.5 Working-age population by origin, migrant generation and labour market integration, 2012 (percentages)

	(Ref: working-age population)	(Ref: active population)	(Ref: employed population)
	Labour market participation	Unemployment	Atypical employment	Temporary job	Part-time work (<32 h/week)	Self-employment	Share of managers and professionals^a
Natives	78.5	4.7	39.0	13.0	24.9	5.8	46.7
Turkey	64.2	11.4	42.8	11.7	30.1	4.5	13.7
Aussiedler	80.8	6.3	42.4	14.4	27.4	3.5	29.8
Eastern EU	78.8	7.9	54.9	19.3	31.3	13.4	32.1
Southern EU	77.8	7.7	38.6	11.6	25.7	5.3	25.2
Greece	74.6	9.5	42.1	13.1	28.1	n.a.	25.6
Italy	78.6	7.6	36.5	11.0	24.5	n.a.	24.2
Portugal	82.1	4.9	39.4	11.8	24.6	n.a.	14.7
Spain	76.4	7.7	38.7	1.3	27.5	n.a.	44.3
North/West. Europe	77.7	3.8	42.4	12.1	25.3	13.9	61.0
Former Yugoslavia	70.5	8.4	42.6	12.7	30.1	4.6	21.6
Other non EU	67.6	12.2	53.6	20.9	34.8	8.2	33.5
2nd generation	56.4	1.6	54.3	33.5	24.0	3.7	27.8
Total	76.8	5.5	40.6	14.1	25.6	5.9	43.7
Recent migrants (year of migration 2007 or later)
Natives
Turkey	46.6	18.8	69.0	31.8	43.3	4.3	18.0
Aussiedler	59.5	18.5	59.4	38.0	28.8	1.5	29.2
Eastern EU	76.8	9.5	61.2	31.6	23.3	18.6	21.6
Southern EU	70.6	11.8	50.2	27.0	24.9	7.4	45.4
Greece	69.0	18.5	67.3	32.8	33.3	n.a.	32.9
Italy	75.7	3.4	49.4	32.8	19.4	n.a.	46.4
Portugal	67.7	12.2	40.0	16.4	20.0	n.a.	28-6
Spain	67.7	15.4	39.8	19.7	26.8	n.a.	64.3
North/West. Europe	75.0	4.2	45.9	24.7	19.8	14.2	70.0
Former Yugoslavia	57.2	6.2	70.1	44.3	33.7	3.4	18.5
Other non EU	46.6	13.6	67.7	40.7	40.1	6.6	48.0