Abstract
After the initial hype, recent years have seen markedly more restrained assessments of how connected and automated vehicle technology will develop. A revolutionary scenario that sees a single IT company suddenly launch a successful automated driving system capable of handling every driving task as well as a human (Beiker 2015) is now widely considered unlikely, at least in the medium term. Instead of this presumed revolution, we are currently facing the challenge of a decades-long period of transition – a “Long Level 4” – during which only certain parts of the road network will be accessible to automated vehicles (Mitteregger et al. 2022, Soteropoulos et al. 2020).
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Alessandrini, A., A. Campagna, P. Delle Site, F. Filippi and L. Persia 2015. “Automated vehicles and the rethinking of mobility and cities”, in Transportation Research Procedia 5, 145–160.
Anair, D., J. Martin, M. C. de Moura and J. Goldman 2020. Ride-Hailing’s Climate Risks: Steering a Growing Industry Toward a Clean Transportation Future. Cambridge, MA: Union of Concerned Scientists. https://tinyurl.com/tz5gwtt (15/4/2020).
Banham, R. 1971. Los Angeles: The architecture of four ecologies. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Bauer, C. 2011. 7 Tools zur Innenentwicklung: Die Metron Dichtebox: der Siedlungsraum der Schweiz soll begrenzt und die Entwicklung nach Innen gelenkt werden. Brugg: Metron. https://bit.ly/38sZRzj (4/5/2020).
Beiker, S. 2015. “Einfühungsszenarien für höhergradig automatisierte Straßenfahrzeuge”, in Autonomes Fahren. Technische, rechtliche und gesellschaftliche Aspekte, ed. by M. Maurer, J. C. Gerdes, B. Lenz and H. Winner. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Vieweg, 197–218.
Bellet, C. 2009. “The introduction of the high speed rail and urban restructuring: the case of Spain”, in City Futures 9, 4–6.
Bertolini, L. 2017. Planning the Mobile Metropolis: Transport for People, Places and the Planet. London: Palgrave/Red Grove Press.
Bertolini, L., C. Curtis and J. Renne 2012. “Station area projects in Europe and beyond: Towards transit oriented development?”, in Built Environment (38) 1, 31–50.
Bertolini, L., and T. Spit 2005. Cities on rails: The redevelopment of railway stations and their surroundings. London: Routledge.
Bormann, R., P. Fink, H. Holzapfel, S. Rammler, T. Sauter-Servaes, H. Tiemann, T. Waschke and B. Weirauch 2018. “Die Zukunft der deutschen Automobilindustrie: Transformation by Disaster oder by Design?”, WISO Diskurs 03/2018. Bonn: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.
Bourdieu, P. 1987. Die feinen Unterschiede. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
Braham, W. W., and J. A. Hale 2007. Rethinking Technology: A Reader in Architectural Theory. London: Routledge.
Bruinsma, F., E. Pels, H. Priemus, P. Rietveld and B. van Wee 2008. Railway development: Impact on urban dynamics. Amsterdam: Physica.
Burghart, W., and G. Hertenberger 2018. Österreichs gefährdetes Kulturerbe: Vom Umgang mit dem Denkmalschutz: 70 Fallbeispiele. Vienna: Schreybgasse.
Chan, N. D., and S. A. Shaheen 2012. “Ridesharing in North America: Past, present, and future”, in Transport Reviews (32) 1, 93–112.
Charpentier, M. 2020. “Lyft Unveils ‘One-Stop-Shop’ Service Center For Drivers In Austin”, KUT 90.5. Austin’s NPR Station, 14/1/2020. https://tinyurl.com/qs2xrp2 (4/5/2020).
Chaum, M. 2019. “Uber Video Keynote”, talk at the Swiss Mobility Arena, 16/9/2019.
Clements, L. M., and K. M. Kockelman 2017. “Economic Effects of Automated Vehicles”, in Transportation Research Record (2606) 1, 106–114.
Cohen, M. A., N. Agrawal and V. Agrawal 2006. “Winning in the aftermarket”, in Harvard Business Review (84) 5, 129–146.
Cresswell, T. 2006. On the Move: Mobility in the Modern Western World. New York: Routledge.
Eckl-Dorna, W. 2020. “So treibt der Dieselskandal Autohäuser in den Ruin”, Der Spiegel, 20/2/2020. https://tinyurl.com/qvpk9fw (15/4/2020).
Edelson, Z. 2017. “Port Authority Bus Terminal to get total reset and other breaking news from annual RPA conference”, The Architect’s Newspaper, 21/4/2017. https://tinyurl.com/sx6dvks (15/4/2020).
Epting, S. 2019. “Automated vehicles and transportation justice”, in Philosophy & Technology (32) 3, 389–403.
Frangoul, A. 2018. “How remote control centers are changing the way mining operations are carried out”, CNBC, 4/7/2018. https://tinyurl.com/r2luk4m (15/4/2020).
Freeman, C., and C. Perez 1998. Structural crises of adjustment: business cycles and technical change and economic theory. London: Pinter.
Geels, F. W., and J. Schot 2010. “The dynamics of transitions: a socio-technical perspective”, in Transitions to Sustainable Development: New Directions in the Study of Long Term Transformative Change, ed. by J. Grin, J. Rotmans and J. Schot. London: Routledge, 11–104.
Görgl, P., J. Eder, E. Gruber and H. Fassmann 2017. “Monitoring der Siedlungsentwicklung in der Stadtregion+. Strategien zur räumlichen Entwicklung der Ostregion”, study commissioned by Planungsgemeinschaft Ost. https://tinyurl.com/trqqwdl (16/4/2020).
Grams, A. 2017. “Spielräume für Dichte. Der Innenentwicklungskompass als problemorientierte Methode für Verdichtung in kleinen und mittleren Gemeinden”, IRL-Bericht 8. Zurich: vdf Hochschulverlag.
Greenblatt, J. B., and S. Shaheen 2015. “Automated Vehicles, On-Demand Mobility, and Environmental Impacts”, in Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports (2) 3, 74–81.
Grübler, A. 1990. The rise and fall of infrastructures. Heidelberg: Physica.
Grübler, A. 1992. “Technology and Global Change: Land Use, Past and Present”, IIASA Working Paper WP-92-002, Laxenburg.
Hagemann, I. 2016. “Das gegenhegemoniale Moment der Demokratie. Gegenhegemoniale Projekte und demokratische Demokratie am Fallbeispiel der grünen Bewegung”. University of Duisburg-Essen.
Hall, P. G., and K. Pain (eds.) 2006. The polycentric metropolis: learning from mega-city regions in Europe. London: Routledge.
Hawkings, A. J. 2018. “Lyft will spend $100 million on new driver support centers”, The Verge, 23/5/2018. https://tinyurl.com/ycb94tw2 (16/4/2020).
Headrick, D. R. 1994. “Technological Change”, in The Earth as Transformed by Human Action, ed. by R. Turner. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 55–68.
Heinrichs, D. 2016. “Autonomous driving and urban land use”, in Autonomous Driving. Technische, rechtliche und gesellschaftliche Aspekte, ed. by M. Maurer, J. C. Gerdes, B. Lenz and H. Winner. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Vieweg, 213–231.
Heller, N. 2017. “Is the Gig Economy Working?”, The New Yorker, 15/5/2017. https://tinyurl.com/utlvmct (15/4/2020).
Hu, W. 2017. “As Uber Woos More Drivers, Taxis Hit Back”, The New York Times, 28/3/2017. https://tinyurl.com/vv8cqcm (15/4/2020).
Jolliet, O., and P. Crettaz 1996. “Critical surface-time 95. A life cycle impact assessment methodology including fate and exposure”, EPFL – École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, 1996.
Kucharczyk, S. 2017. “How will maintenance change with the autonomous vehicle?”, ReadWrite, 18/4/2017. https://tinyurl.com/td6s2hf (15/4/2020).
Kuhn, T. S. 1967. The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Leberstein, S. 2016. “Uber’s car leasing program turns its drivers into modern-day sharecroppers”, Quartz, 6/6/2016. https://tinyurl.com/yx7oecf5 (16/4/2020).
Leiner, C., and T. Adler 2019. “Transportation Network Companies (TNCs): Impacts to Airport Revenues and Operations – Reference Guide”, ACRP Research Report 215.
Lenz, B., and E. Fraedrich 2015. “Neue Mobilitätskonzepte und autonomes Fahren: Potenziale der Veränderung”, in Autonomes Fahren. Technische, rechtliche und gesellschaftliche Aspekte, ed. by M. Maurer, J. C. Gerdes, B. Lenz and H. Winner. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Vieweg, 175–195.
Lottes, G. J. 2020. “Der Wohnungsmarkt in Wien. Ein Marktbericht von Raiffeisen”, Raiffeisenlandesbank Niederösterreich-Wien. https://tinyurl.com/tn55auo (16/4/2020).
Manderscheid, K. 2014. “The Movement Problem, the Car and Future Mobility Regimes: Automobility as Dispositif and Mode of Regulation”, in Mobilities (9) 4, 604–626.
Marshall, S. 2005. Street & Patterns. London: Spon Press.
McKinsey 2018. “Ready for inspection – The Automotive Aftermarket in 2030”. https://tinyurl.com/ssb7ksk (15/4/2020).
McLuhan, M. 2003. Understanding Media: The extension of man. Corte Madera: Ginko Press.
Mitteregger, M., A. Soteropoulos, J. Bröthaler and F. Dorner 2019. “Shared, Automated, Electric: the Fiscal Effects of the ‘Holy Trinity’”, Proceedings of the 24. REAL CORP, International Conference on Urban Planning, Regional Development and Information Society. Karlsruhe.
Mitteregger, M., E. M. Bruck, A. Soteropoulos, A. Stickler, M. Berger, J. S. Dangschat, R. Scheuvens and I. Banerjee 2022. AVENUE21. Connected and Automated Driving: Prospects for Urban Europe, trans. M. Slater and N. Raafat. Berlin: Springer Vieweg. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64140-8.
Mumford, L. 1968. “The Highway and the City”, in The Urban Prospect, ed. by L. Mumford. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 92–107.
Municipal Department 21 (District Planning and Land Use), City of Vienna [Magistratsabteilung 21] 2015. “Perspektive Liesing. Ein Entwicklungskonzept für einen Stadtteil im Wachsen”, Projektzeitung #2, 2/1/2015. https://tinyurl.com/tnjtguc (16/4/2020).
OECD 2020. “Functional urban areas by country”. https://tinyurl.com/tawbkmz (15/4/2020).
OpenStreetMap Wiki 2020. “DE:Key:landuse”. https://tinyurl.com/vo6prk9 (16/4/2020).
Ongweso Jr., E., and J. Koebler 2019. “Uber Office Has Nice Port-a-Potties for ‘Employees Only,’ Inferior Ones for Drivers”, VICE, 5/12/2019. https://tinyurl.com/ufc2jxx (15/4/2020).
Pevsner, N. 1953. The Buildings of England: Derbyshire. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Ramm, F. 2019. “OpenStreetMap Data in Layered GIS Format”. https://tinyurl.com/yyukslna (16/4/2020).
Rapier, G., and T. Wolverton 2019. “Uber lost $5.2 billion in 3 months. Here’s where all that money went”, Business Insider 9/8/2019. https://tinyurl.com/yxxsm2qf (16/4/2020).
Rogers, E. M. 2003. Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press.
Schmitz, S. 2001. Revolutionen der Erreichbarkeit. Gesellschaft, Raum und Verkehr im Wandel (Stadtforschung aktuell, vol. 83). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
SFCTA (San Francisco County Transportation Authority) 2018. “TNCs & Congestion. Final Report.” https://tinyurl.com/y6w76ta6 (15/4/2020).
Shaheen, S., and A. Cohen 2019. “Shared ride services in North America: definitions, impacts, and the future of pooling”, in Transport Reviews (39) 4, 427–442.
Sheikh, N. 2018. “Applying a Hybrid Network Approach to Deployment of Self-Driving Mobility Services”, Automated Vehicle Symposium. https://tinyurl.com/uhwtb3k (15/4/2020).
Sieverts, T. 1998. Zwischenstadt: Zwischen Ort und Welt, Raum und Zeit, Stadt und Land, Bauwelt Fundamente 118. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner.
Sommer, C. 2018. “Neue Angebote für den ländlichen Raum”, lecture at the “ZENTRALITÄTEN 4.0 – Mittelzentren im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung” symposium, 22/11/2018, Kassel.
Soteropoulos, A., M. Berger and F. Ciari 2019. “Impacts of automated vehicles in travel behaviour and land use: An international review of modelling studies”, in Transport Reviews (39) 1, 29–49.
Soteropoulos, A., M. Mitteregger, M. Berger and J. Zwirchmayr 2020. “Automated drivability: Toward an assessment of the spatial deployment of level 4 automated vehicles”, in Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 136, 64–84.
Spielmann, M., and R. Scholz 2005. “Life Cycle Inventories of Transport Services: Background Data for Freight Transport”, in The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment (10) 1, 85–94.
Splend 2019. “We have a new Member Support Centre in London”, press release, 17/4/2019. https:// tinyurl.com/s3uwy97 (15/4/2020).
Statistik Austria 2017. “Urban-Rural-Typologie von Statistik Austria”. https://tinyurl.com/rs5qj9s (16/4/2020).
Stead, D., and B. Vaddadi 2019. “Automated vehicles and how they may affect urban form: A review of recent scenario studies”, in Cities 92, 125–133.
Steen, B., and S.-O. Ryding 1993. The EPS enviro-accounting method. An application of environmental accounting for evaluation and valuation of environmental impact in product design. APR: Stockholm.
STRIA 2019. Roadmap on Connected and Automated Transport: Road, Rail and Waterborne. Brussels: European Commission.
Tucker, C. 2019. “Uber-rival Bolt opens new hub in Chiswick, London, surging to 1.5 million London passengers in 6 months”, EU-Startups, 25/12/2019. https://tinyurl.com/sbay9ul (15/4/2020).
Vlasic, B. & Isaac, M. 2016. “Uber Aims for an Edge in the Race for a Self-Driving Future”, The New York Times, 18/8/2016. https://tinyurl.com/w928p8a (16/4/2020).
Yankelevich, A., R. V. Rikard, T. Kadylak, M. J. Hall, E. A. Mack, J. P. Verboncoeur and S. R. Cotton 2018. “Preparing the Workforce for Automated Vehicles”. https://bit.ly/3qrzXC8 (15/4/2020).
Zwick, A. 2018. “Welcome to the Gig Economy: neoliberal industrial relations and the case of Uber”, in GeoJournal (83) 4, 679–691.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mitteregger, M., Soteropoulos, A. (2023). Opportunities from past mistakes: Land potential en route to an automated mobility system. In: Mitteregger, M., et al. AVENUE21. Planning and Policy Considerations for an Age of Automated Mobility. Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67004-0_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-67004-0_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-67003-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-67004-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)