Abstract
Tourism research needs to respond to COVID-19 pandemic influences on spending family holiday time. The widely recognised quarantine and social distance policies during the pandemic created a window of opportunity for Quaran-cation, referring to Quarantine vacation. The tendency of Quaran-cation, e. g. Recreational Vehicle (RV) tourism, applies, among others, to Chinese families who have cultivated the habit of avoiding mass tourism. The dearth of research into family travel within RV tourism calls for an interdisciplinary study using qualitative research strategies. In this chapter, a new conceptual framework of RV family tourism is presented which contributes to family tourism research. This research attempts to interpret Chinese family RV tourism in Quaran-cation linked with consumer behaviour as a response to more sustainable and resilient tourism post COVID-19. The conceptualisation of RV family tourism in a specific cultural context proposes directions for further research.
Chapter PDF
References
Allan, M. (2014). Geotourism: Why do children visit geological tourism sites Dirasat. Human and Social Sciences, 41(1), 653–661.
Agency China. (2021). Main digital marketing channels. https://agencychina.com/digital-marketing-channels/
Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113–1127.
Albayrak, A. (2013). Alternative Tourism. Detay Publishing.
André, P., Schraefel, M. C., Teevan, J., & Dumais, S. T. (2009). Discovery is never by chance: designing for (un) serendipity. In: Proceedings of the seventh ACM conference on Creativity and cognition, 305-314.
Baarsma, B., van den Broek-Altenburg, E., Fransman, R., Jacobs, B., Koopmans, C., & Teulings, C. (2020). Is the current COVID-19 strategy effective. VOX, CEPR Policy Portal, 4. https://voxeu.org/article/current-covid-19-strategyeffective
Benjamin, S., Dillette, A., & Alderman, D. H. (2020). We can’t return to normal: committing to tourism equity in the post-pandemic age. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 476-483.
Bilim, Y., & Özer, Ö. (2021). No “Over”, Yes “Minimal”! Camp and Caravan Tourism. Anais Brasileiros de Estudos Turísticos-ABET.
Brochado, A., & Brochado, F. (2019). What makes a glamping experience great? Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 10(1), 15–27.
Brochado, A., & Pereira, C. (2017). Comfortable experiences in nature accommodation: Perceived service quality in Glamping. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 17, 77–83.
Brooker, E., & Joppe, M. (2013). Trends in camping and outdoor hospitality – An international review. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 3-4(4), 1–6.
Butler, G. Szili, G., Cutler, C., Hay, I., & Saikia, U. (2021). Changing leisure mobilities in COVID-19 Australia: Framing the value of self-drive tourism in a time of crisis. Leisure Studies, 40(5), 698–713.
Caravanning Queensland (2012). RV types. https://www.caravanqld.com.au/
Cater, C. I. (2017). Tourism on two wheels: Patterns of motorcycle leisure in Wales. Tourism Management, 61, 180–189.
Cheng, A., Ren, G., Hong, T., & Koo, C. (2019). The WeChat Mini Program for Smart Tourism. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 29(3), 489–502.
Cohen, E., & Cohen, S. A. (2012). Current sociological theories and issues in tourism. Annals of Tourism research, 39(4), 2177–2202.
Cohen, M. J. (2020). Does the COVID-19 outbreak mark the onset of a sustainable consumption transition? Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 16(1), 1–3.
Cotterill, B. (2021). What’s missing from our anti-Covid arsenal? A sense of urgency. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/bruce-cotterill-whats-missingfrom-our-anti-covid-arsenal-a-sense-of-urgency/UAVFGV6QUEA4NDWGPMBXNEWUHM/
Department of the Environment (1989). Sustaining our common future. A Progress Report by the United Kingdom on Implementing Sustainable Development. United Kingdom: Department of Environment.
Du, X., Liechty, T., Santos, C. A., & Park, J. (2020). ‘I want to record and share my wonderful journey’: Chinese Millennials’ production and sharing of short-form travel videos on TikTok or Douyin. Current Issues in Tourism, 1–13 [pre-print].
Duan, Y. C. B., & Hsiao, A. (2020). The xiao zi effect on motivation to visit wineries from an identity perspective: The case of China. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 359–369.
Dupeyras, A., Haxton, P., & Stacey, J. (2020). The Covid-19 crisis and tourism: Response and recovery measures to support the tourism sector in OECD countries. Global Health and Covid-19. Task force 11 COVID-19: Multidisciplinary approaches to complex problems.
Espiner, N. (2020). A road less-travelled: Exploring management perspectives on camping movement and representation in the Waitaki and Mackenzie Districts, New Zealand: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science (Doctoral dissertation, Lincoln University).
Espiner, S., Orchiston, C., & Higham, J. (2017). Resilience and sustainability: A complementary relationship? Towards a practical conceptual model for the sustainability–resilience nexus in tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(10), 1385–1400.
Fitt, H. M., & Espiner, N. T. (2021). Looking beyond limitations: Electric vehicle use in New Zealand holidays. LEaP Research Report, 67, New Zealand, 1–17 https://researcharchive.lincoln.ac.nz/handle/10182/14501
Florentina, V. C., Gabriela, Ț. (2022). Resilience and Recovery: The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Global Cruise Tourism. In: A. M. Dima, M. Kelemen (Eds.), Digitalization and Big Data for Resilience and Economic Intelligence (pp. 203–212). Springer.
Freytag, A., & Vietze, C. (2013). Can nature promote development? The role of sustainable tourism for economic growth. Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, 2(1), 16–44.
Gao, S. (2019). Aspiring to be Global: Language and Social Change in a Tourism Village in China. Channel View Publications.
Gardner, H., & Davis, K. (2013). The app generation. Yale University Press.
Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: a rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1–20.
Gretzel, U., & Hardy, A. (2019). VanLife: materiality, makeovers and mobility amongst digital nomads. E-review of Tourism Research, 16(2/3).
Gursoy, D., & Chi, C. G. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on hospitality industry: Review of the current situations and a research agenda. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(5), 527-529.
Hardy, A., & Gretzel, U. (2011). Why we travel this way: an exploration into the motivations of recreational vehicle users. In: B. Prideaux, & D. Carson (Eds.), Drive tourism: Trends and emerging markets (pp. 194–209). Routledge.
Hardy, A., Gretzel, U., & Hanson, D. (2013). Travelling neo-tribes: Conceptualising recreational vehicle users. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 11(1-2), 48–60.
Hardy, A., Hanson, D., & Gretzel, U. (2012). Online representations of RVing neo-tribes in the USA and Australia. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 10(3), 219–232.
Henningsen, L. (2012). Individualism for the masses? Coffee consumption and the Chinese middle class’ search for authenticity. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 13(3), 408–427.
Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2020). Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after COVID-19. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 610–623.
Hillman, W. (2013). Grey nomads travelling in Queensland, Australia: social and health needs. Ageing & Society, 33(4), 579–597.
Hong, Y., Cai, G., Mo, Z., Gao, W., Xu, L., Jiang, Y., & Jiang, J. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on tourist satisfaction with B&B in Zhejiang, China: an importance–performance analysis. International Journal of Environ Res and Public Health, 17(10), 3747.
Hopkins, D. (2020). Sustainable mobility at the interface of transport and tourism: Introduction to the special issue on ‘Innovative approaches to the study and practice of sustainable transport, mobility and tourism’. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(2), 129-143.
Hua, Y., Yoo, J.J.E. (2011). Travel motivations of Mainland Chinese travelers to the United States. Journal of China Tourism Research, 7(4), 355–376.
Huang, Y. (2020). On Sinofuturism: Resisting Techno-Orientalism in Understanding Kuaishou, Douyin, and Chinese AI. Screen Bodies, 5(2), 46–62.
Jeon, C. Y., & Yang, H. W. (2021). The structural changes of a local tourism network: Comparison of before and after COVID-19. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(23), 3324–3338.
Jung, F., Krieger, V., Hufert, F. T., & Küpper, J. H. (2020). Herd immunity or suppression strategy to combat COVID-19. Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation, 75(1), 13–17.
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business horizons, 53(1), 59–68.
Kershaw, J., Berkeley, N., Jarvis, D., & Begley, J. (2018). A feeling for change: Exploring the lived and unlived experiences of drivers to inform a transition to an electric automobility. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 65, 674–686.
Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2015). Kids on board: Methodological challenges, concerns and clarifications when including young children’s voices in tourism research. Current Issues in Tourism, 18(9), 845–858.
Khoo-Lattimore, C., & Yang, M. (2020). The constructions of family holidays in young middle-class Malaysian Chinese children. Journal of China Tourism Research, 16(1), 62–77.
Kim, J., & Tussyadiah, I. P. (2013). Social networking and social support in tourism experience: The moderating role of online self-presentation strategies. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(1-2), 78–92.
Korstanje, M. E. (2021). COVİD-19 and the end of tourism research? New forms of tourism in the state of emergency. Anais Brasileiros de Estudos Turísticos-ABET, 11, 1–10.
Leung, D., Law, R., Hoof, H. V., & Buhalis, D. (2013). Social media in tourism and hospitality: a literature review. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(1), 3–22
Li, M., Zhang, H., Xiao, H., & Chen, Y. (2015). A grid-group analysis of tourism motivation. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17(1), 35–44.
Liu, C. (1999). Self-Drive, Travel around. Modern Elegence, 6(3), 32–35.
Liu, C. (2018). The motivations and experiences of young Chinese self-drive tourists. In: C. Khoo-Lattimore & E. C. L. Yang (Eds.). Asian youth travellers: Insights and implications (pp. 135-152), Springer.
Lou, J., & Xu, A. (2008). A study on the way of traveling and characteristics of the urbanities in Shanghai: Based on the new vacation system. Tourism Science, 22(4), 37–42.
Lu, X., & Lu, Z. (2019). Fifteen seconds of fame: A qualitative study of Douyin, a short video sharing mobile application in China. In: International Conference on human-computer interaction (pp. 233–244). Springer.
Mahadevan, R. (2014). Understanding senior self-drive tourism in Australia using a contingency behavior model. Journal of Travel Research, 53(2), 252-259.
Maguire, J., & Hu, D. (2013). Not a simple coffee shop: Local, global and glocal dimensions of the consumption of Starbucks in China. Social Identities, 19(5), 670–684.
Mair, J., Ritchie, B. W., & Walters, G. (2016). Towards a research agenda for post-disaster and post-crisis recovery strategies for tourist destinations: A narrative review. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(1), 1–26.
Maltseva, Y. A., & Li, H. (2020). Transformation of Chinese Tourist Consumer Behaviour as a consequence of the COVID-19 Pandemic. In: Research Technologies of Pandemic Coronavirus Impact (RTCOV 2020) (pp. 284–288). Atlantis Press.
Maslow, A. (1970). Motivation and personality. Harper and Row.
McCool, S. (2015). Sustainable tourism: Guiding fiction, social trap or path to resilience? In T. V. Singh (Ed.), Challenges in tourism research (pp. 224–234). Channel View Publications.
Mikulic, J., Prebezac, D., Seric, B. & Kresic, D. (2017), Campsite choice and the camping tourism experience: Investigating decisivecampsite attributes using relevance-determinance analysis. Tourism Management, 59, 226–233.
Milohnic, I., & Bonifacic, J. C. (2014). Global trends affecting camping tourism: managerial challenges and solutions. In: Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management in Opatija. Biennial International Congress. Tourism & Hospitality Industry (p. 380). University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism & Hospitality Management.
Ning, W. X. (2015). Woguo fangche hangye fazhan zhuangkuang ji wenti. [The development status and problems of Chinese RV industry]. Zhuanyong qiche, 002.
Orthner, D. K. (1975). Leisure activity patterns and marital satisfaction over the marital career. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 37, 91–102.
Onyx, J., & Leonard, R. (2005). Australian grey nomads and American snowbirds: similarities and differences. Journal of Tourism Studies, 16(1), 61–68.
Pearce, P. L. (2011). Tourist behaviour and the contemporary world. Channel View Publications.
Pearce, P. L., & Caltabiano, M. L. (1983). Inferring travel motivation from travelers’ experiences. Journal of travel research, 22(2), 16–20.
Pearce, P. L., Lee, U. I. (2005). Developing the travel career approach to tourist motivation. Journal of Travel Research, 43, 226–237.
Pearce, P. L, & Wu, M. Y. (2014). Chinese recreational vehicle users in Australia: a netnographic study of tourist motivation. Tourism Management, 43, 22–35.
Pearce, P. L, & Wu, M. Y. (2017). Understanding Chinese overseas recreational vehicle tourists: a netnographic and comparative approach. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism 41(6), 696–718
Ping, L. (2019). Demolition of a Distinctive Chinese Habitus: Controversies of Urban Sustainability in Shanghai. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 61(6), 4–17.
Prideaux, B., & Carson, D. (2010). Drive tourism: Trends and emerging markets. Routledge.
Richards, G., & Morrill, W. (2021). The challenge of COVID-19 for youth travel. Anais Brasileiros de Estudos Turísticos-ABET, 11, 1–8.
Schänzel, H. A. (2010). Whole-family research: Towards a methodology in tourism for encompassing generation, gender, and group dynamic perspectives. Tourism Analysis, 15(5), 555–569.
Schänzel, H. A., & Lynch, P. A. (2016). Family perspectives on social hospitality dimensions while on holiday. Tourist Studies, 16(2), 133–150.
Schänzel, H. A., & Smith, K. A. (2014). The socialization of families away from home: Group dynamics and family functioning on holiday. Leisure Sciences, 36(2), 126–143.
Schänzel, H., Yeoman, I., & Backer, E. (2012). Family Tourism: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Channel View Publications.
Şengel, Ü., Çevrimkaya, M., Genç, G., Işkın, M., Zengin, B., & Sarıışık, M. (2020). An assessment on the news about the tourism industry during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 5(1), 15–31.
Shanghailaine (2018). The Yuppies of China: The Xiaozi. http://shanghaiist.com/2010/03/08/the_yuppies_of_china_xiaozi.php
Shen, X. Y. (2018). Qianxi woguo fangche lvyou fazhan zhuangkuang duice. [Analysis on the current situation and policy of the development of RV tourism in China]. Nongjia keji, 006
Shepherd, L. (2011). Enjoy Life You Petty Bourgeoisie. The World of Chinese, 1(2), 56–59.
Sheresheva, M. Y., Polukhina, A. N., & Oborin, M. S. (2020). Marketing issues of sustainable tourism development in Russian regions. Journal of Tourism, Heritage & Services Marketing (JTHSM), 6(1), 33–38.
Sohu News (2018). Fangche yingdi fazhan kongjian juda, guojia shiqi buwei zaichu zhengce guli. [There is huge room for the development of RV camps, which are encouraged by the policies of 17 ministries and commissions]. https://www.sohu.com/a/284185555_716974
Su, L. J., & Wang, L. (2007). On the characteristics of rural tourism market in the periphery of cities: A case study of Changsha. Tourism Tribune, 22(2), 67–71.
Tiwari, S., Rosak-Szyrocka, J., & Żywiołek, J. (2022). Internet of Things as a Sustainable Energy Management Solution at Tourism Destinations in India. Energies, 15(7), 2433.
Travel Weekly China. (2021). Aomen anxin jiating lvyou, dazao zuiyou yiyi qingzi shiguang. [Macao’s reassuring family tour creates the most meaningful parent-child time]. https://www.travelweekly-china.com/84384?utm_source=enews&utm_medium=edaily&utm_campaign=TWCedaily
Tsai, C. H., Wu, T. C., Wall, G., & Linliu, S. C. (2016). Perceptions of tourism impacts and community resilience to natural disasters. Tourism Geographies, 18(2), 152–173.
Tsai, I. C., & Chiang, S. H. (2019). Exuberance and spillovers in housing markets: Evidence from first-and second-tier cities in China. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 77, 75–86.
United Nations World Tourism Organization. (2020). UNWTO world tourism barometer. 18(2). https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/abs/10.18111/wtobarometereng.2020.18.1.2
United Nations World Tourism Organization. (2021). UNWTO global rural tourism startup comoetition. https://www.unwto.org/unwto-global-rural-tourismstartup-competition
Weaver, P. A., McCleary, K. W., Han, J., & Blosser, P. E. (2009). Identifying leisure travel market segments based on preference for novelty. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 26(5-6), 568–584.
Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S., & Liu, F. (2020). COVID-19: potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review, 70(1), 74–87.
Williams, C., & Buswell, J. (2003). Service quality in leisure and tourism. CABl.
Wolff, K., Larsen, S., & Øgaard, T. (2019). How to define and measure risk perceptions. Annals of Tourism Research, 79, 1–9.
Wu, M. Y., Pearce, P. L., & Li, Q. (2018). Chinese behind the wheel: Factors affecting their satisfaction with international self-drive holidays. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, 12–19.
Wu, M. Y., Wall, G., Zu, Y., & Ying, T. (2019). Chinese children’s family tourism experiences. Tourism Management Perspectives, 29, 166–175.
Wu, Y., & Wall, G. (2016). Chinese research on family tourism: Review and research implications. Journal of China Tourism Research, 12 (3-4), 274–290.
Yoo, K. H., & Gretzel, U. (2011). Influence of personality on travel-related consumer-generated media creation. Computers in human behaviour, 27(2), 609–621.
Yin, J. A., Brown, G., & Huang, S. S. (2020). Social media and Chinese tourist behaviour. In: S. Huang, G. Chen (Eds.) Handbook on Tourism and China (pp. 91–105). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Yung, R., & Khoo-Lattimore, C. (2018). Same, same, but different: The influence of children in Asian family travel. In: E.C.L. Yang, J.S. H. Lee, & C. Khoo-Lattimore (Eds.). Asian cultures and contemporary tourism (pp. 61–78). Springer.
Zeng, B., & Geritsen, R. (2014). What do we know about social media in tourism? Tourism Management Perspectives, 10, 27–36.
Zenker, S., & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic – A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism management, 81, 1–4.
Zhang, Y., Hu, Q., Gu, J. (2012). Study on family tourists’ perception and behaviour attitude in the International Tourism Festival. Soft Science, 26(11), 135–140.
Zhao, Y., & Wu, Y. (2022). Meanings of traditional Chinese leisure: Perspectives from etymology, Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. Journal of Leisure Research, 1–18.
Zhong, Z. Y., Pan, J. Y., Lu, Y. L., & Xu. G. (2020). Qianxi woguo fangche lvyou fazhan xianzhang yu qianjing – tongguo yinzi fenxi yanjiu yingxiang yinsu. [A brief analysis of the development status and prospects of RV tourism in my country—Research on influencing factors through factor analysis]. Fujian zhiliang guali, 000(002), 42–43.
Zhu, H., & Deng, F. (2020). How to influence rural tourism intention by risk knowledge during COVID-19 containment in China: mediating role of risk perception and attitude. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(10), 3514.
Zorn, S., & Suni, J. (2019). An Investigation of Sustainable Self-Drive Tourism in Florida. Journal of Florida Studies, 1(8), 1–21.
Zimmermann, F. M. (2018). Does sustainability (still) matter in tourism (geography). Tourism Geographies, 20(2), 333–336.
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Open Access. Creative Commons-Lizenz 4.0 (BY-NC-ND).
Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Copyright information
© 2023 Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dong, Y., Schänzel, H., Liu, C. (2023). Chinese Family Dynamics within RV Drive Tourism in Quaran-cation: Development of a Conceptual Framework in/post COVID-19 Tourism. In: Köchling, A., Seeler, S., van der Merwe, P., Postma, A. (eds) Towards Sustainable and Resilient Tourism Futures. Schriftenreihe des Deutschen Instituts für Tourismusforschung, vol 1. Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.37307/b.978-3-503-21195-1.12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37307/b.978-3-503-21195-1.12
Publisher Name: Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin
Online ISBN: 978-3-503-21195-1
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)