Abstract
The Standard Model of particle physics fails to explain the important pieces in the standard cosmology, such as inflation, baryogenesis, and dark matter of the Universe. We consider the possibility that the sector to generate small neutrino masses is responsible for all of them; the inflation is driven by the Higgs field to break B − L gauge symmetry which provides the Majorana masses to the right-handed neutrinos, and the reheating process by the decay of the B − L Higgs boson supplies the second lightest right-handed neutrinos whose CP violating decays produce B − L asymmetry, à la, leptogenesis. The lightest right-handed neutrinos are also produced by the reheating process, and remain today as the dark matter of the Universe. In the minimal model of the inflaton potential, one can set the parameter of the potential by the data from CMB observations including the BICEP2 and the Planck experiments. In such a scenario, the mass of the dark matter particle is predicted to be of the order of PeV. We find that the decay of the PeV right-handed neutrinos can explain the high-energy neutrino flux observed at the IceCube experiments if the lifetime is of the order of 1028 s.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
A.H. Guth, The Inflationary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Horizon and Flatness Problems, Phys. Rev. D 23 (1981) 347 [INSPIRE].
A.A. Starobinsky, A New Type of Isotropic Cosmological Models Without Singularity, Phys. Lett. B 91 (1980) 99 [INSPIRE].
K. Sato, First Order Phase Transition of a Vacuum and Expansion of the Universe, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 195 (1981) 467 [INSPIRE].
N. Okada and Q. Shafi, Observable Gravity Waves From U(1) B−L Higgs and Coleman-Weinberg Inflation, arXiv:1311.0921 [INSPIRE].
N. Okada, V.N. Senohuz and Q. Shafi, Simple Inflationary Models in Light of BICEP2: an Update, arXiv:1403.6403 [INSPIRE].
A.D. Linde, Chaotic Inflation, Phys. Lett. B 129 (1983) 177 [INSPIRE].
P. Minkowski, μ → eγ at a Rate of One Out of 1-Billion Muon Decays?, Phys. Lett. B 67 (1977) 421 [INSPIRE].
T. Yanagida, Horizontal gauge symmetry and masses of neutrinos, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Unified Theory and Baryon Number of the Universe, eds. O. Sawada and A. Sugamoto (KEK, 1979) p.95
M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond and R. Slansky, Complex spinors and unified theories, in Supergravity, ed. by D. Freedman and P. Van Nieuwenhuizen, North Holland, Amsterdam (1979), pp. 315-321
S. Glashow, The Future of Elementary Particle Physics, in Quarks and Leptons, Cargèse 1979, eds. M. Lévy et al., Plenum, New York (1980).
R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanović, Neutrino Mass and Spontaneous Parity Violation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 (1980) 912 [INSPIRE].
J. Schechter and J.W.F. Valle, Neutrino Masses in SU(2) × U(1) Theories, Phys. Rev. D 22 (1980) 2227 [INSPIRE].
M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Baryogenesis Without Grand Unification, Phys. Lett. B 174 (1986) 45 [INSPIRE].
H. Davoudiasl, R. Kitano, T. Li and H. Murayama, The New minimal standard model, Phys. Lett. B 609 (2005) 117 [hep-ph/0405097] [INSPIRE].
Q. Shafi and A. Vilenkin, Inflation with SU(5), Phys. Rev. Lett. 52 (1984) 691 [INSPIRE].
Q. Shafi and V.N. Senoguz, Coleman-Weinberg potential in good agreement with wmap, Phys. Rev. D 73 (2006) 127301 [astro-ph/0603830] [INSPIRE].
C. Destri, H.J. de Vega and N.G. Sanchez, MCMC analysis of WMAP3 and SDSS data points to broken symmetry inflaton potentials and provides a lower bound on the tensor to scalar ratio, Phys. Rev. D 77 (2008) 043509 [astro-ph/0703417] [INSPIRE].
R. Kallosh and A.D. Linde, Testing String Theory with CMB, JCAP 04 (2007) 017 [arXiv:0704.0647] [INSPIRE].
T.L. Smith, M. Kamionkowski and A. Cooray, The inflationary gravitational-wave background and measurements of the scalar spectral index, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 083525 [arXiv:0802.1530] [INSPIRE].
V.N. Senoguz and Q. Shafi, Chaotic inflation, radiative corrections and precision cosmology, Phys. Lett. B 668 (2008) 6 [arXiv:0806.2798] [INSPIRE].
M.U. Rehman, Q. Shafi and J.R. Wickman, GUT Inflation and Proton Decay after WMAP5, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 123516 [arXiv:0810.3625] [INSPIRE].
M.U. Rehman and Q. Shafi, Higgs Inflation, Quantum Smearing and the Tensor to Scalar Ratio, Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 123525 [arXiv:1003.5915] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama and F. Takahashi, Higgs Chaotic Inflation in Standard Model and NMSSM, JCAP 02 (2011) 010 [arXiv:1008.4457] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama and F. Takahashi, Higgs Chaotic Inflation and the Primordial B-mode Polarization Discovered by BICEP2, Phys. Lett. B 734 (2014) 96 [arXiv:1403.4132] [INSPIRE].
K. Nakayama and F. Takahashi, Running Kinetic Inflation, JCAP 11 (2010) 009 [arXiv:1008.2956] [INSPIRE].
Y. Hamada, H. Kawai, K.-y. Oda and S.C. Park, Higgs inflation still alive, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 241301 [arXiv:1403.5043] [INSPIRE].
F. Bezrukov and M. Shaposhnikov, Higgs inflation at the critical point, arXiv:1403.6078 [INSPIRE].
J.L. Cook, L.M. Krauss, A.J. Long and S. Sabharwal, Is Higgs Inflation Dead?, arXiv:1403.4971 [INSPIRE].
F.L. Bezrukov and M. Shaposhnikov, The Standard Model Higgs boson as the inflaton, Phys. Lett. B 659 (2008) 703 [arXiv:0710.3755] [INSPIRE].
P.J.E. Peebles, Primeval Adiabatic Perturbations: Effect of Massive Neutrinos, Astrophys. J. 258 (1982) 415 [INSPIRE].
K.A. Olive and M.S. Turner, Cosmological Bounds on the Masses of Stable, Right-handed Neutrinos, Phys. Rev. D 25 (1982) 213 [INSPIRE].
S. Dodelson and L.M. Widrow, Sterile-neutrinos as dark matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 17 [hep-ph/9303287] [INSPIRE].
X.-D. Shi and G.M. Fuller, A New dark matter candidate: Nonthermal sterile neutrinos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 2832 [astro-ph/9810076] [INSPIRE].
A.D. Dolgov and S.H. Hansen, Massive sterile neutrinos as warm dark matter, Astropart. Phys. 16 (2002) 339 [hep-ph/0009083] [INSPIRE].
K. Abazajian, G.M. Fuller and M. Patel, Sterile neutrino hot, warm and cold dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 64 (2001) 023501 [astro-ph/0101524] [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, S. Blanchet and M. Shaposhnikov, The νMSM, dark matter and neutrino masses, Phys. Lett. B 631 (2005) 151 [hep-ph/0503065] [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, M. Laine and M. Shaposhnikov, Lightest sterile neutrino abundance within the nuMSM, JHEP 01 (2007) 091 [hep-ph/0612182] [INSPIRE].
A. Kusenko, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, Dark Matter from Split Seesaw, Phys. Lett. B 693 (2010) 144 [arXiv:1006.1731] [INSPIRE].
H. Ishida, K.S. Jeong and F. Takahashi, Longevity Problem of Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter, Phys. Lett. B 731 (2014) 242 [arXiv:1309.3069] [INSPIRE].
IceCube collaboration, M.G. Aartsen et al., First observation of PeV-energy neutrinos with IceCube, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 021103 [arXiv:1304.5356] [INSPIRE].
IceCube collaboration, M.G. Aartsen et al., Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector, Science 342 (2013) 1242856 [arXiv:1311.5238] [INSPIRE].
B. Feldstein, A. Kusenko, S. Matsumoto and T.T. Yanagida, Neutrinos at IceCube from Heavy Decaying Dark Matter, Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 015004 [arXiv:1303.7320] [INSPIRE].
A. Esmaili and P.D. Serpico, Are IceCube neutrinos unveiling PeV-scale decaying dark matter?, JCAP 11 (2013) 054 [arXiv:1308.1105] [INSPIRE].
T. Banks and N. Seiberg, Symmetries and Strings in Field Theory and Gravity, Phys. Rev. D 83 (2011) 084019 [arXiv:1011.5120] [INSPIRE].
M. Berasaluce-Gonzalez, L.E. Ibáñez, P. Soler and A.M. Uranga, Discrete gauge symmetries in D-brane models, JHEP 12 (2011) 113 [arXiv:1106.4169] [INSPIRE].
M. Berasaluce-Gonzalez, P.G. Camara, F. Marchesano, D. Regalado and A.M. Uranga, Non-Abelian discrete gauge symmetries in 4d string models, JHEP 09 (2012) 059 [arXiv:1206.2383] [INSPIRE].
R. Blumenhagen, M. Cvetic, S. Kachru and T. Weigand, D-Brane Instantons in Type II Orientifolds, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 59 (2009) 269 [arXiv:0902.3251] [INSPIRE].
G. ’t Hooft, Computation of the Quantum Effects Due to a Four-Dimensional Pseudoparticle, Phys. Rev. D 14 (1976) 3432 [Erratum ibid. D 18 (1978) 2199] [INSPIRE].
G. ’t Hooft, How Instantons Solve the U(1) Problem, Phys. Rept. 142 (1986) 357 [INSPIRE].
P.H. Frampton, S.L. Glashow and T. Yanagida, Cosmological sign of neutrino CP-violation, Phys. Lett. B 548 (2002) 119 [hep-ph/0208157] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya, M. Ibe and T.T. Yanagida, Seesaw Mechanism with Occam’s Razor, Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 013002 [arXiv:1205.2198] [INSPIRE].
B. Pontecorvo, Inverse beta processes and nonconservation of lepton charge, Sov. Phys. JETP 7 (1958) 172 [INSPIRE].
Z. Maki, M. Nakagawa and S. Sakata, Remarks on the unified model of elementary particles, Prog. Theor. Phys. 28 (1962) 870 [INSPIRE].
J.A. Casas and A. Ibarra, Oscillating neutrinos and μtoe, γ, Nucl. Phys. B 618 (2001) 171 [hep-ph/0103065] [INSPIRE].
A. Ibarra and G.G. Ross, Neutrino phenomenology: The Case of two right-handed neutrinos, Phys. Lett. B 591 (2004) 285 [hep-ph/0312138] [INSPIRE].
A.R. Liddle and D.H. Lyth, Cosmological inflation and large scale structure, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge U.K. (2000).
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2013 results. XXII. Constraints on inflation, arXiv:1303.5082 [INSPIRE].
BICEP2 collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Detection of B-Mode Polarization at Degree Angular Scales by BICEP2, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 241101 [arXiv:1403.3985] [INSPIRE].
E. Giusarma, E. Di Valentino, M. Lattanzi, A. Melchiorri and O. Mena, Relic Neutrinos, thermal axions and cosmology in early 2014, arXiv:1403.4852 [INSPIRE].
C.R. Contaldi, M. Peloso and L. Sorbo, Suppressing the impact of a high tensor-to-scalar ratio on the temperature anisotropies, arXiv:1403.4596 [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki and S. Yokoyama, Compensation for large tensor modes with iso-curvature perturbations in CMB anisotropies, JCAP 05 (2014) 046 [arXiv:1403.5823] [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki, T. Sekiguchi, T. Takahashi and S. Yokoyama, Isocurvature perturbations and tensor mode in light of Planck and BICEP2, arXiv:1404.2175 [INSPIRE].
V. Miranda, W. Hu and P. Adshead, Steps to Reconcile Inflationary Tensor and Scalar Spectra, arXiv:1403.5231 [INSPIRE].
B. Feng and X. Zhang, Double inflation and the low CMB quadrupole, Phys. Lett. B 570 (2003) 145 [astro-ph/0305020] [INSPIRE].
M. Kawasaki and F. Takahashi, Inflation model with lower multipoles of the CMB suppressed, Phys. Lett. B 570 (2003) 151 [hep-ph/0305319] [INSPIRE].
B. Freivogel, M. Kleban, M.R. Martinez and L. Susskind, Observational Consequences of a Landscape: Epilogue, arXiv:1404.2274 [INSPIRE].
R. Bousso, D. Harlow and L. Senatore, Inflation After False Vacuum Decay: New Evidence from BICEP2, arXiv:1404.2278 [INSPIRE].
H. Murayama, K. Nakayama, F. Takahashi and T.T. Yanagida, Sneutrino Chaotic Inflation and Landscape, arXiv:1404.3857 [INSPIRE].
T. Higaki and F. Takahashi, Natural and Multi-Natural Inflation in Axion Landscape, arXiv:1404.6923 [INSPIRE].
K. Mukaida and K. Nakayama, Dynamics of oscillating scalar field in thermal environment, JCAP 01 (2013) 017 [arXiv:1208.3399] [INSPIRE].
K. Mukaida and K. Nakayama, Dissipative Effects on Reheating after Inflation, JCAP 03 (2013) 002 [arXiv:1212.4985] [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, K. Hamaguchi, M. Kawasaki and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis in inflaton decay, Phys. Lett. B 464 (1999) 12 [hep-ph/9906366] [INSPIRE].
T. Asaka, K. Hamaguchi, M. Kawasaki and T. Yanagida, Leptogenesis in inflationary universe, Phys. Rev. D 61 (2000) 083512 [hep-ph/9907559] [INSPIRE].
L. Covi, E. Roulet and F. Vissani, CP violating decays in leptogenesis scenarios, Phys. Lett. B 384 (1996) 169 [hep-ph/9605319] [INSPIRE].
S. Davidson and A. Ibarra, A Lower bound on the right-handed neutrino mass from leptogenesis, Phys. Lett. B 535 (2002) 25 [hep-ph/0202239] [INSPIRE].
Particle Data Group collaboration, J. Beringer et al., Review of Particle Physics (RPP), Phys. Rev. D 86 (2012) 010001 [INSPIRE].
Planck collaboration, P.A.R. Ade et al., Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters, arXiv:1303.5076 [INSPIRE].
W. Buchmüller, P. Di Bari and M. Plümacher, Cosmic microwave background, matter - antimatter asymmetry and neutrino masses, Nucl. Phys. B 643 (2002) 367 [Erratum ibid. B 793 (2008) 362] [hep-ph/0205349] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cornwall, D.N. Levin and G. Tiktopoulos, Derivation of Gauge Invariance from High-Energy Unitarity Bounds on the s Matrix, Phys. Rev. D 10 (1974) 1145 [Erratum ibid. D 11 (1975) 972] [INSPIRE].
C.E. Vayonakis, Born Helicity Amplitudes and Cross-Sections in Nonabelian Gauge Theories, Lett. Nuovo Cim. 17 (1976) 383 [INSPIRE].
B.W. Lee, C. Quigg and H.B. Thacker, Weak Interactions at Very High-Energies: The Role of the Higgs Boson Mass, Phys. Rev. D 16 (1977) 1519 [INSPIRE].
G.J. Gounaris, R. Kogerler and H. Neufeld, Relationship Between Longitudinally Polarized Vector Bosons and their Unphysical Scalar Partners, Phys. Rev. D 34 (1986) 3257 [INSPIRE].
T. Sjöstrand, S. Mrenna and P.Z. Skands, A Brief Introduction to PYTHIA 8.1, Comput. Phys. Commun. 178 (2008) 852 [arXiv:0710.3820] [INSPIRE].
M. Grefe, Neutrino signals from gravitino dark matter with broken R-parity, arXiv:1111.6041 [INSPIRE].
S. Gillessen et al., Monitoring stellar orbits around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center, Astrophys. J. 692 (2009) 1075 [arXiv:0810.4674] [INSPIRE].
J.F. Navarro, C.S. Frenk and S.D.M. White, A Universal density profile from hierarchical clustering, Astrophys. J. 490 (1997) 493 [astro-ph/9611107] [INSPIRE].
F. Iocco, M. Pato, G. Bertone and P. Jetzer, Dark Matter distribution in the Milky Way: microlensing and dynamical constraints, JCAP 11 (2011) 029 [arXiv:1107.5810] [INSPIRE].
A. Esmaili, A. Ibarra and O.L.G. Peres, Probing the stability of superheavy dark matter particles with high-energy neutrinos, JCAP 11 (2012) 034 [arXiv:1205.5281] [INSPIRE].
Open Access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1405.0013
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Higaki, T., Kitano, R. & Sato, R. Neutrinoful universe. J. High Energ. Phys. 2014, 44 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2014)044
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2014)044