Abstract
We analyse hypercharge flux GUT breaking in F-theory/Type IIB GUT models with regards to its implications for anomaly cancellation and gauge coupling unification. To this aim we exploit the Type IIB limit and consider 7-brane configurations that for the first time are guaranteed to exhibit net hypercharge flux restriction to matter curves. We show that local F-theory models with anomalies of type U(1)Y−U(1)2 in the massless spectrum can be consistent only if such additional U(1)s are globally geometrically massive (in the sense that they arise from non-Kähler deformations of the Calabi-Yau four-fold). Further, in such cases of geometrically massive U(1)s hypercharge flux can induce new anomalies of type \( \mathrm{U}(1)_Y^2-\mathrm{U}(1) \) in the massless spectrum, violating constraints in local models forbidding such anomalies. In particular this implies that it is possible to construct models exhibiting a U(1) PQ global symmetry which have hypercharge flux doublet-triplet splitting and no further exotics. We also show that the known hypercharge flux induced splitting of the gauge couplings in IIB models at tree-level can be reduced by a factor of 5 by employing a more F-theoretic twisting of U(1) flux by hypercharge flux bringing it to well within MSSM 2-loop results. In the case of net restriction of hypercharge flux to matter curves this tree-level splitting becomes more involved, is tied to the vacuum expectation values of certain closed-string fields, and therefore gauge coupling unification becomes tied to the question of moduli stabilisation.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
C. Beasley, J.J. Heckman and C. Vafa, GUTs and exceptional branes in F-theory — II: experimental predictions, JHEP 01 (2009) 059 [arXiv:0806.0102] [INSPIRE].
R. Donagi and M. Wijnholt, Breaking GUT groups in F-theory, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 15 (2011) 1523 [arXiv:0808.2223] [INSPIRE].
E. Witten, New issues in manifolds of SU(3) holonomy, Nucl. Phys. B 268 (1986) 79 [INSPIRE].
I. Antoniadis, E. Kiritsis and T. Tomaras, A D-brane alternative to unification, Phys. Lett. B 486 (2000) 186 [hep-ph/0004214] [INSPIRE].
R. Tatar and T. Watari, Proton decay, Yukawa couplings and underlying gauge symmetry in string theory, Nucl. Phys. B 747 (2006) 212 [hep-th/0602238] [INSPIRE].
R. Blumenhagen, S. Moster and T. Weigand, Heterotic GUT and standard model vacua from simply connected Calabi-Yau manifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 751 (2006) 186 [hep-th/0603015] [INSPIRE].
M. Buican, D. Malyshev, D.R. Morrison, H. Verlinde and M. Wijnholt, D-branes at singularities, compactification and hypercharge, JHEP 01 (2007) 107 [hep-th/0610007] [INSPIRE].
T. Weigand, Lectures on F-theory compactifications and model building, Class. Quant. Grav. 27 (2010) 214004 [arXiv:1009.3497] [INSPIRE].
G.K. Leontaris, Aspects of F-theory GUTs, PoS (CORFU2011) 095 [arXiv:1203.6277] [INSPIRE].
A. Maharana and E. Palti, Models of Particle Physics from Type IIB String Theory and F-theory: A Review, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 28 (2013) 1330005 [arXiv:1212.0555] [INSPIRE].
E. Palti, A note on hypercharge flux, anomalies and U(1)s in F-theory GUTs, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 085036 [arXiv:1209.4421] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm and T. Weigand, On Abelian Gauge Symmetries and Proton Decay in Global F-theory GUTs, Phys. Rev. D 82 (2010) 086009 [arXiv:1006.0226] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm, M. Kerstan, E. Palti and T. Weigand, Massive Abelian gauge symmetries and fluxes in F-theory, JHEP 12 (2011) 004 [arXiv:1107.3842] [INSPIRE].
S. Krause, C. Mayrhofer and T. Weigand, Gauge fluxes in F-theory and type IIB orientifolds, JHEP 08 (2012) 119 [arXiv:1202.3138] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm and T.G. Pugh, Gauged supergravities and their symmetry-breaking vacua in F-theory, JHEP 06 (2013) 012 [arXiv:1302.3223] [INSPIRE].
S. Katz, D.R. Morrison, S. Schäfer-Nameki and J. Sully, Tate’s algorithm and F-theory, JHEP 08 (2011) 094 [arXiv:1106.3854] [INSPIRE].
B. Andreas and G. Curio, From Local to Global in F-theory Model Building, J. Geom. Phys. 60 (2010) 1089 [arXiv:0902.4143] [INSPIRE].
R. Donagi and M. Wijnholt, Higgs Bundles and UV Completion in F-theory, arXiv:0904.1218 [INSPIRE].
J. Marsano, N. Saulina and S. Schäfer-Nameki, Monodromies, fluxes and compact three-generation F-theory GUTs, JHEP 08 (2009) 046 [arXiv:0906.4672] [INSPIRE].
C. Mayrhofer, E. Palti and T. Weigand, U(1) symmetries in F-theory GUTs with multiple sections, JHEP 03 (2013) 098 [arXiv:1211.6742] [INSPIRE].
S. Krause, C. Mayrhofer and T. Weigand, G 4 flux, chiral matter and singularity resolution in F-theory compactifications, Nucl. Phys. B 858 (2012) 1 [arXiv:1109.3454] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm and H. Hayashi, F-theory fluxes, chirality and Chern-Simons theories, JHEP 03 (2012) 027 [arXiv:1111.1232] [INSPIRE].
D.R. Morrison and D.S. Park, F-theory and the Mordell-Weil group of elliptically-fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds, JHEP 10 (2012) 128 [arXiv:1208.2695] [INSPIRE].
V. Braun, T.W. Grimm and J. Keitel, New Global F-theory GUTs with U(1) symmetries, arXiv:1302.1854 [INSPIRE].
J. Marsano, N. Saulina and S. Schäfer-Nameki, Compact F-theory GUTs with U(1) (PQ), JHEP 04 (2010) 095 [arXiv:0912.0272] [INSPIRE].
E. Dudas and E. Palti, Froggatt-Nielsen models from E 8 in F-theory GUTs, JHEP 01 (2010) 127 [arXiv:0912.0853] [INSPIRE].
E. Palti, Wavefunctions and the point of E 8 in F-theory, JHEP 07 (2012) 065 [arXiv:1203.4490] [INSPIRE].
E. Dudas and E. Palti, On hypercharge flux and exotics in F-theory GUTs, JHEP 09 (2010) 013 [arXiv:1007.1297] [INSPIRE].
M.J. Dolan, J. Marsano, N. Saulina and S. Schäfer-Nameki, F-theory GUTs with U(1) symmetries: generalities and survey, Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 066008 [arXiv:1102.0290] [INSPIRE].
J. Marsano, Hypercharge flux, exotics and anomaly cancellation in F-theory GUTs, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) 081601 [arXiv:1011.2212] [INSPIRE].
R. Blumenhagen, V. Braun, T.W. Grimm and T. Weigand, GUTs in Type IIB orientifold compactifications, Nucl. Phys. B 815 (2009) 1 [arXiv:0811.2936] [INSPIRE].
E. Plauschinn, The generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism for Type IIB orientifolds with D3- and D7-branes, JHEP 05 (2009) 062 [arXiv:0811.2804] [INSPIRE].
M. Cvetič, T.W. Grimm and D. Klevers, Anomaly cancellation and Abelian gauge symmetries in F-theory, JHEP 02 (2013) 101 [arXiv:1210.6034] [INSPIRE].
A.P. Braun, A. Collinucci and R. Valandro, G-flux in F-theory and algebraic cycles, Nucl. Phys. B 856 (2012) 129 [arXiv:1107.5337] [INSPIRE].
J. Marsano and S. Schäfer-Nameki, Yukawas, G-flux and spectral covers from resolved Calabi-Yau’s, JHEP 11 (2011) 098 [arXiv:1108.1794] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm, The N = 1 effective action of F-theory compactifications, Nucl. Phys. B 845 (2011) 48 [arXiv:1008.4133] [INSPIRE].
R. Blumenhagen, Gauge Coupling Unification in F-theory Grand Unified Theories, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 071601 [arXiv:0812.0248] [INSPIRE].
M. Goodsell, J. Jaeckel, J. Redondo and A. Ringwald, Naturally light hidden photons in LARGE volume string compactifications, JHEP 11 (2009) 027 [arXiv:0909.0515] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm, D. Klevers and M. Poretschkin, Fluxes and warping for gauge couplings in F-theory, JHEP 01 (2013) 023 [arXiv:1202.0285] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm, M. Kerstan, E. Palti and T. Weigand, On fluxed instantons and moduli stabilisation in IIB orientifolds and F-theory, Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 066001 [arXiv:1105.3193] [INSPIRE].
T.W. Grimm and J. Louis, The effective action of N = 1 Calabi-Yau orientifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 699 (2004) 387 [hep-th/0403067] [INSPIRE].
H. Jockers and J. Louis, The effective action of D7-branes in N = 1 Calabi-Yau orientifolds, Nucl. Phys. B 705 (2005) 167 [hep-th/0409098] [INSPIRE].
J.P. Conlon and E. Palti, Gauge threshold corrections for local orientifolds, JHEP 09 (2009) 019 [arXiv:0906.1920] [INSPIRE].
J.P. Conlon and E. Palti, On Gauge Threshold Corrections for Local IIB/F-theory GUTs, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 106004 [arXiv:0907.1362] [INSPIRE].
M. Billó et al., Stringy instanton corrections to N = 2 gauge couplings, JHEP 05 (2010) 107 [arXiv:1002.4322] [INSPIRE].
M. Esole and S.-T. Yau, Small resolutions of SU(5)-models in F-theory, arXiv:1107.0733 [INSPIRE].
E. Witten, On flux quantization in M-theory and the effective action, J. Geom. Phys. 22 (1997) 1 [hep-th/9609122] [INSPIRE].
M.J. Dolan, J. Marsano and S. Schäfer-Nameki, Unification and phenomenology of F-theory GUTs with U(1) PQ , JHEP 12 (2011) 032 [arXiv:1109.4958] [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1303.3589
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
About this article
Cite this article
Mayrhofer, C., Palti, E. & Weigand, T. Hypercharge flux in IIB and F-theory: anomalies and gauge coupling unification. J. High Energ. Phys. 2013, 82 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2013)082
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2013)082