Abstract
We propose a minimal model in which the flavour anomaly in the b → sμ+μ− transition is connected to the breaking of Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry. The flavour anomaly is explained from new physics contribution by introducing one generation of heavy quark and heavy lepton which are vector-like under the standard model (SM) gauge group but charged under a local U(1)X group. They mix with the SM quarks and leptons, inducing flavour-changing Z′ couplings, which generates the b → sμ+μ− anomaly at tree level. On the other hand the new fermions are chiral under the global Peccei-Quinn(PQ) symmetry. The pseudo-Goldstone boson coming from the spontaneous breaking of the PQ symmetry becomes an axion, solving the strong CP problem and providing a cold dark matter candidate. The same symmetry prevents the right-handed neutrino from having a Majorana mass term. But the introduction of a neutrino-specific Higgs doublet allows neutrino to have Dirac mass term without fine-tuning problem. The model shows an interplay between axion, neutrino, dark matter, and flavour physics.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
S. Baek, Dirac neutrino from the breaking of Peccei-Quinn symmetry, Phys. Lett. B 805 (2020) 135415 [arXiv:1911.04210] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek and T. Nomura, Dark matter physics in neutrino specific two Higgs doublet model, JHEP 03 (2017) 059 [arXiv:1611.09145] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek, A. Das and T. Nomura, Scalar dark matter search from the extended νTHDM, JHEP 05 (2018) 205 [arXiv:1802.08615] [INSPIRE].
G. Buchalla, A.J. Buras and M.E. Lautenbacher, Weak decays beyond leading logarithms, Rev. Mod. Phys. 68 (1996) 1125 [hep-ph/9512380] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek and P. Ko, Probing SUSY induced CP-violations at B factories, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 488 [hep-ph/9812229] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek, T. Goto, Y. Okada and K.-i. Okumura, Neutrino oscillation, SUSY GUT and B decay, Phys. Rev. D 63 (2001) 051701 [hep-ph/0002141] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek, P. Ko and W.Y. Song, Implications on SUSY breaking mediation mechanisms from observing Bs → μ+ μ− and the muon g − 2, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 271801 [hep-ph/0205259] [INSPIRE].
LHCb collaboration, Search for lepton-universality violation in B+ → K +ℓ + ℓ − decays, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 (2019) 191801 [arXiv:1903.09252] [INSPIRE].
LHCb collaboration, Test of lepton universality with B0 → K ∗0 ℓ+ ℓ− decays, JHEP 08 (2017) 055 [arXiv:1705.05802] [INSPIRE].
Belle collaboration, Test of lepton flavor universality in B → K ∗ℓ + ℓ− decays at Belle, arXiv:1904.02440 [INSPIRE].
M. Algueró et al., Emerging patterns of New Physics with and without Lepton Flavour Universal contributions, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 714 [Addendum ibid. 80 (2020) 511] [arXiv:1903.09578] [INSPIRE].
A.K. Alok, A. Dighe, S. Gangal and D. Kumar, Continuing search for new physics in b → sμμ decays: two operators at a time, JHEP 06 (2019) 089 [arXiv:1903.09617] [INSPIRE].
M. Ciuchini et al., New Physics in b → sℓ+ ℓ− confronts new data on Lepton Universality, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 719 [arXiv:1903.09632] [INSPIRE].
A. Datta, J. Kumar and D. London, The B anomalies and new physics in b → se+ e− , Phys. Lett. B 797 (2019) 134858 [arXiv:1903.10086] [INSPIRE].
J. Aebischer, W. Altmannshofer, D. Guadagnoli, M. Reboud, P. Stangl and D.M. Straub, B-decay discrepancies after Moriond 2019, Eur. Phys. J. C 80 (2020) 252 [arXiv:1903.10434] [INSPIRE].
K. Kowalska, D. Kumar and E.M. Sessolo, Implications for new physics in b → sμμ transitions after recent measurements by Belle and LHCb, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 840 [arXiv:1903.10932] [INSPIRE].
A. Arbey, T. Hurth, F. Mahmoudi, D.M. Santos and S. Neshatpour, Update on the b → s anomalies, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 015045 [arXiv:1904.08399] [INSPIRE].
D. Aristizabal Sierra, F. Staub and A. Vicente, Shedding light on the b → s anomalies with a dark sector, Phys. Rev. D 92 (2015) 015001 [arXiv:1503.06077] [INSPIRE].
P. Arnan, L. Hofer, F. Mescia and A. Crivellin, Loop effects of heavy new scalars and fermions in b → sμ+ μ− , JHEP 04 (2017) 043 [arXiv:1608.07832] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline, J.M. Cornell, D. London and R. Watanabe, Hidden sector explanation of B-decay and cosmic ray anomalies, Phys. Rev. D 95 (2017) 095015 [arXiv:1702.00395] [INSPIRE].
J. Kawamura, S. Okawa and Y. Omura, Interplay between the b→ sℓℓ anomalies and dark matter physics, Phys. Rev. D 96 (2017) 075041 [arXiv:1706.04344] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek, Dark matter contribution to b → sμ+ μ− anomaly in local U(1)Lμ - L𝜏 model, Phys. Lett. B 781 (2018) 376 [arXiv:1707.04573] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline, B decay anomalies and dark matter from vectorlike confinement, Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 015013 [arXiv:1710.02140] [INSPIRE].
C.-W. Chiang and H. Okada, A simple model for explaining muon-related anomalies and dark matter, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 34 (2019) 1950106 [arXiv:1711.07365] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline and J.M. Cornell, R(K (∗) ) from dark matter exchange, Phys. Lett. B 782 (2018) 232 [arXiv:1711.10770] [INSPIRE].
A. Vicente, Anomalies in b → s transitions and dark matter, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2018 (2018) 3905848 [arXiv:1803.04703] [INSPIRE].
A. Falkowski, S.F. King, E. Perdomo and M. Pierre, Flavourful Z′ portal for vector-like neutrino Dark Matter and RK (∗) , JHEP 08 (2018) 061 [arXiv:1803.04430] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek and C. Yu, Dark matter for b → sμ+ μ− anomaly in a gauged U(1)X model, JHEP 11 (2018) 054 [arXiv:1806.05967] [INSPIRE].
L. Darmé, K. Kowalska, L. Roszkowski and E.M. Sessolo, Flavor anomalies and dark matter in SUSY with an extra U(1), JHEP 10 (2018) 052 [arXiv:1806.06036] [INSPIRE].
B. Barman, D. Borah, L. Mukherjee and S. Nandi, Correlating the anomalous results in b → s decays with inert Higgs doublet dark matter and muon (g − 2), Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 115010 [arXiv:1808.06639] [INSPIRE].
S. Singirala, S. Sahoo and R. Mohanta, Exploring dark matter, neutrino mass and RK (∗) ,𝜙 anomalies in Lμ − Lτ model, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 035042 [arXiv:1809.03213] [INSPIRE].
A. Vicente, Flavor and Dark Matter connection, Springer Proc. Phys. 234 (2019) 393 [arXiv:1812.03028] [INSPIRE].
S. Baek, Scalar dark matter behind b → sμμ anomaly, JHEP 05 (2019) 104 [arXiv:1901.04761] [INSPIRE].
D.G. Cerdeño, A. Cheek, P. Martín-Ramiro and J.M. Moreno, B anomalies and dark matter: a complex connection, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 517 [arXiv:1902.01789] [INSPIRE].
P. Ko, T. Nomura and C. Yu, b → sμ+ μ− anomalies and related phenomenology in U(1)B3 −xμ Lμ −xτ Lτ flavor gauge models, JHEP 04 (2019) 102 [arXiv:1902.06107] [INSPIRE].
A. Biswas and A. Shaw, Reconciling dark matter, RK (∗) anomalies and (g − 2)μ in an Lμ − Lτ scenario, JHEP 05 (2019) 165 [arXiv:1903.08745] [INSPIRE].
P. Arnan, A. Crivellin, M. Fedele and F. Mescia, Generic loop effects of new scalars and fermions in b → sℓ+ ℓ− and a vector-like 4th generation, JHEP 06 (2019) 118 [arXiv:1904.05890] [INSPIRE].
S. Trifinopoulos, B-physics anomalies: The bridge between R-parity violating supersymmetry and flavored dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 115022 [arXiv:1904.12940] [INSPIRE].
Z.-L. Han, R. Ding, S.-J. Lin and B. Zhu, Gauged U(1)Lμ −Lτ scotogenic model in light of RK (∗) anomaly and AMS-02 positron excess, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 1007 [arXiv:1908.07192] [INSPIRE].
L. Darmé, M. Fedele, K. Kowalska and E.M. Sessolo, Flavour anomalies from a split dark sector, JHEP 08 (2020) 148 [arXiv:2002.11150] [INSPIRE].
J.E. Kim, Weak Interaction Singlet and Strong CP Invariance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 (1979) 103 [INSPIRE].
M.A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein and V.I. Zakharov, Can Confinement Ensure Natural CP Invariance of Strong Interactions?, Nucl. Phys. B 166 (1980) 493 [INSPIRE].
R. Foot, A. Kobakhidze, K.L. McDonald and R.R. Volkas, Poincaré protection for a natural electroweak scale, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 115018 [arXiv:1310.0223] [INSPIRE].
M. Srednicki, Axion Couplings to Matter. 1. CP Conserving Parts, Nucl. Phys. B 260 (1985) 689 [INSPIRE].
R.D. Peccei, The Strong CP problem and axions, in Axions, Lecture Notes in Physics 741, Springer (2008), pp. 3–17 [hep-ph/0607268] [INSPIRE].
M. Dine, W. Fischler and M. Srednicki, A Simple Solution to the Strong CP Problem with a Harmless Axion, Phys. Lett. B 104 (1981) 199 [INSPIRE].
A.R. Zhitnitsky, On Possible Suppression of the Axion Hadron Interactions (in Russian), Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 31 (1980) 260 [Yad. Fiz. 31 (1980) 497] [INSPIRE].
G.-Y. Huang and N. Nath, Neutrinophilic Axion-Like Dark Matter, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 922 [arXiv:1809.01111] [INSPIRE].
Z.G. Berezhiani and M.Y. Khlopov, Cosmology of Spontaneously Broken Gauge Family Symmetry, Z. Phys. C 49 (1991) 73 [INSPIRE].
P.-H. Gu and H.-J. He, Neutrino Mass and Baryon Asymmetry from Dirac Seesaw, JCAP 12 (2006) 010 [hep-ph/0610275] [INSPIRE].
C.-S. Chen and L.-H. Tsai, Peccei-Quinn symmetry as the origin of Dirac Neutrino Masses, Phys. Rev. D 88 (2013) 055015 [arXiv:1210.6264] [INSPIRE].
B. Dasgupta, E. Ma and K. Tsumura, Weakly interacting massive particle dark matter and radiative neutrino mass from Peccei-Quinn symmetry, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 041702 [arXiv:1308.4138] [INSPIRE].
S. Bertolini, L. Di Luzio, H. Kolešová and M. Malinský, Massive neutrinos and invisible axion minimally connected, Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 055014 [arXiv:1412.7105] [INSPIRE].
Y.H. Ahn and E.J. Chun, Minimal Models for Axion and Neutrino, Phys. Lett. B 752 (2016) 333 [arXiv:1510.01015] [INSPIRE].
P.-H. Gu, Peccei-Quinn symmetry for Dirac seesaw and leptogenesis, JCAP 07 (2016) 004 [arXiv:1603.05070] [INSPIRE].
E. Ma, D. Restrepo and Ó. Zapata, Anomalous leptonic U(1) symmetry: Syndetic origin of the QCD axion, weak-scale dark matter, and radiative neutrino mass, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 33 (2018) 1850024 [arXiv:1706.08240] [INSPIRE].
D. Suematsu, Dark matter stability and one-loop neutrino mass generation based on Peccei-Quinn symmetry, Eur. Phys. J. C 78 (2018) 33 [arXiv:1709.02886] [INSPIRE].
Y.H. Ahn, Compact model for Quarks and Leptons via flavored-Axions, Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 035047 [arXiv:1804.06988] [INSPIRE].
M. Reig and R. Srivastava, Spontaneous proton decay and the origin of Peccei-Quinn symmetry, Phys. Lett. B 790 (2019) 134 [arXiv:1809.02093] [INSPIRE].
C.D.R. Carvajal and Ó. Zapata, One-loop Dirac neutrino mass and mixed axion-WIMP dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 075009 [arXiv:1812.06364] [INSPIRE].
Y.H. Ahn and X. Bi, QCD axion and Neutrino induced by Hidden flavor structure, arXiv:1912.09038 [INSPIRE].
L.M.G. de la Vega, N. Nath and E. Peinado, Dirac neutrinos from Peccei-Quinn symmetry: two examples, Nucl. Phys. B 957 (2020) 115099 [arXiv:2001.01846] [INSPIRE].
S. Centelles Chuliá, C. Döring, W. Rodejohann and U.J. Saldaña Salazar, Natural axion model from flavour, JHEP 09 (2020) 137 [arXiv:2005.13541] [INSPIRE].
W. Altmannshofer, S. Gori, M. Pospelov and I. Yavin, Quark flavor transitions in Lμ – Lτ models, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 095033 [arXiv:1403.1269] [INSPIRE].
L. Di Luzio, M. Kirk and A. Lenz, Updated Bs -mixing constraints on new physics models for b → sℓ+ ℓ− anomalies, Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 095035 [arXiv:1712.06572] [INSPIRE].
HFLAV collaboration, Averages of b-hadron, c-hadron, and τ -lepton properties as of summer 2016, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 895 [arXiv:1612.07233] [INSPIRE].
A. Greljo and D. Marzocca, High-pT dilepton tails and flavor physics, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 548 [arXiv:1704.09015] [INSPIRE].
W. Altmannshofer and D.M. Straub, New physics in b → s transitions after LHC run 1, Eur. Phys. J. C 75 (2015) 382 [arXiv:1411.3161] [INSPIRE].
A. Falkowski, D.M. Straub and A. Vicente, Vector-like leptons: Higgs decays and collider phenomenology, JHEP 05 (2014) 092 [arXiv:1312.5329] [INSPIRE].
P.N. Bhattiprolu and S.P. Martin, Prospects for vectorlike leptons at future proton-proton colliders, Phys. Rev. D 100 (2019) 015033 [arXiv:1905.00498] [INSPIRE].
T. Cheng and L. Li, Gauge Theory of Elementary Particle Physics, in Oxford Science Publications, Clarendon Press, Oxford U.K. (1984) [INSPIRE].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2006.02050
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Baek, S. A connection between flavour anomaly, neutrino mass, and axion. J. High Energ. Phys. 2020, 111 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2020)111
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2020)111