Abstract
Three tiers of experiments in the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project (GMMIP), one of the endorsed model intercomparison projects of phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), are implemented by the First Institute of Oceanography Earth System Model version 2 (FIO-ESM v2.0), following the GMMIP protocols. Evaluation of global mean surface air temperature from 1870 to 2014 and climatological precipitation (1979–2014) in tier-1 shows that the atmosphere model of FIO-ESM v2.0 can reproduce the basic observed atmospheric features. In tier-2, the internal variability is captured by the coupled model, with the SST restoring to the model climatology plus the observed anomalies in the tropical Pacific and North Atlantic. Simulation of the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon circulation is significantly improved by the SST restoration in the North Atlantic. In tier-3, five orographic perturbation experiments are conducted covering the period 1979–2014 by modifying the surface elevation or vertical heating in the prescribed region. In particular, the strength of the South Asian summer monsoon is reduced by removing the topography or thermal forcing above 500 m over the Asian continent. Monthly and daily simulated outputs of FIO-ESM v2.0 are provided through the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) node to contribute to a better understanding of the global monsoon system.
摘要
自然资源部第一海洋研究所地球系统模式FIO-ESM v2.0完成了第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6)试验中的全球季风比较计划(GMMIP)的三个Tier试验。本文简要介绍了模式设置、试验细节及数据输出情况,并对部分试验结果进行了评估。Tier-1是大气模式试验,用观测的海温和海冰强迫,结果表明FIO-ESM v2.0能够合理模拟1870-2014年全球平均表层气温的长期变化,并再现大气的基本观测特征。在Tier-2试验中,通过将热带太平洋和北大西洋海表面温度向观测恢复,模式能够更好地模拟气候内部变率,对北半球夏季风的模拟也有改进。在Tier-3试验中,FIO-ESM v2.0完成了1979-2014年地形和热力扰动的敏感性试验,分别将青藏高原、东非和阿拉伯半岛高原、北美马德雷山脉和南美的安第斯山脉高于500m以上地形移除,或不考虑青藏-伊朗高原及邻近区域500 m以上地表感热加热作用。试验证明地形和热力强迫对季风有关键作用,当不考虑青藏高原的地形强迫作用,南亚夏季风强度明显减弱。目前,相关数据已在Earth System Grid Federation上发布。此数据集提供了月平均、日平均结果,为更好地研究全球季风相关物理过程提供了数据基础。
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Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/projects/cmip6/. All datasets are available to search and download via any one of the following portals:
USA, PCMDI/LLNL (California) -https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/search/cmip6/
France, IPSL — https://esgf-node.ipsl.upmc.fr/search/cmip6-ipsl/
Germany, DKRZ — https://esgf-data.dkrz.de/search/cmip6-dkrz/
UK, CEDA — https://esgf-index1.ceda.ac.uk/search/cmip6-ceda/
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Acknowledgements
This research was jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC1404004), the Project of Indo-Pacific Ocean Environment Variation and Air-sea Interactions (Grant No. GASIIPOVAI-06), the Basic Scientific Fund of the National Public Research Institute of China (Grant No. 2019S06). Ying BAO was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0602200). Zhenya SONG was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41821004), the Basic Scientific Fund of the National Public Research Institute of China (Grant No. 2016S03), and the China-Korea Cooperation Project on Northwestern Pacific Climate Change and its Prediction. All numerical experiments were carried out at the Beijing Super Cloud Computing Center (BSCC).
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Song, Y., Li, X., Bao, Y. et al. FIO-ESM v2.0 Outputs for the CMIP6 Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project Experiments. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 37, 1045–1056 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9288-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9288-2