Abstract
The posttranscriptional addition of nontemplated nucleotides to the 3′ ends of RNA molecules can have a significant impact on their stability and biological function. It has been recently discovered that nontemplated addition of uridine or adenosine to the 3′ ends of RNAs occurs in different organisms ranging from algae to humans, and on different kinds of RNAs, such as histone mRNAs, mRNA fragments, U6 snRNA, mature small RNAs and their precursors etc. These modifications may lead to different outcomes, such as increasing RNA decay, promoting or inhibiting RNA processing, or changing RNA activity. Growing pieces of evidence have revealed that such modifications can be RNA sequence-specific and subjected to temporal or spatial regulation in development. RNA tailing and its outcomes have been associated with human diseases such as cancer. Here, we review recent developments in RNA uridylation and adenylation and discuss the future prospects in this research area.
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Chen XueMei grew up in Harbin and graduated with her B.S. degree in Biology from Peking University in 1988. At Peking University, she was selected to participate in the CUSBEA (China-US Biology Examinations and Admissions) program that provided opportunities for Chinese students to pursue Ph.D. studies in US institutions. She received a Ph.D. degree in Biochemistry from Cornell University in 1995. After postdoctoral training from 1995 to 1998 at California Institute of Technology, she started her Assistant Professor position in 1999 at the Waksman Institute at Rutgers University. She was promoted to Associate Professor in 2005 and won the Board of Trustees Research Fellowship for Scholarly Excellence at Rutgers University. She moved to University of California, Riverside in 2005 as an Associate Professor and was promoted to Professor in 2009 and Distinguished Professor in 2013. In 2006, she won the Charles Albert Shull award from American Society of Plant Biologists. In 2011, she was selected to be a Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation investigator. In the same year, she was elected an AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Fellow. In 2013, she was elected to the US National Academy of Sciences. Her major scientific contributions include the discovery of microRNAs from plants and the dissection of their biogenesis, modification, degradation, mode of action, and developmental functions.
Mo BeiXin got her B.S. Degree in biology from Peking University in 1988, and her Ph.D. in plant molecular biology from University of Guelph in 2003. From April 2003 to September 2004, she worked in the Chinese University of Hong Kong as a postdoctoral fellow. After that, she joined the College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University (SZU), where she is now a professor and Vice Dean of the college. During the years that she works in SZU, her efforts have been distributed between teaching, research and public service. She completed several national and provincial education reform projects, and won many awards. For example, the Plant Physiology course that she has been teaching was awarded the National Bilingual Teaching Demonstration course. Her current research is largely focused on the mechanisms of small RNA biogenesis, and stability, trying to understand the biological significance of the post-transcriptional addition of nontemplated nucleotides to the 3′ ends of RNA molecules on their stability and biological function. She is also undertaking efforts to identify new players that are involved in the cell-to-cell movement of small RNAs in plants.
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Song, J., Song, J., Mo, B. et al. Uridylation and adenylation of RNAs. Sci. China Life Sci. 58, 1057–1066 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-015-4954-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-015-4954-9