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A 21-year-old, previously healthy, female presented with complaints of palpitations. The physical examination, ECG and a 24-hour Holter investigation were unremarkable.
A transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated a double orifice mitral valve (DOMV) (Fig. 1). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed in order to exclude other congenital heart problems (Fig. 2). There was no evidence of mitral valve stenosis, regurgitation or other cardiac morphological abnormalities.
First described in 1876 by Greenfield [1], DOMV is an uncommon anomaly which, as its name indicates, has a single mitral annulus and opens into the left ventricle through two orifices. Depending on the relative size and location of the two orifices, DOMV can be classified into an eccentric type (found in 85% of cases) and a central or bridge type (as in our patient’s case) [2]. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation and other congenital malformations such as atrioventricular or ventricular septal defects may be associated with DOMV [3, 4].
References
Greenfield WS. Double mitral valve. Trans Pathol Soc. 1876;27:128–9.
Anwar AM, McGhie JS, Meijboom FJ, Ten Cate FJ. Double orifice mitral valve by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2008;9(5):731–2.
Bano-Rodrigo A, Van Praagh S, Trowitzsch E, Van Praagh R. Double-orifice mitral valve: a study of 27 postmortem cases with developmental, diagnostic and surgical considerations. Am J Cardiol. 1988;61(1):152–60.
Das BB, Pauliks LB, Knudson OA, et al. Double-orifice mitral valve with intact atrioventricular septum: an echocardiographic study with anatomic and functional considerations. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2005;18(3):231–6.
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Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
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Marcu, C.B., Beek, A.M., Ionescu, C.N. et al. Double orifice mitral valve visualized on echocardiography and MRI. Neth Heart J 20, 380–381 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-011-0149-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-011-0149-6