Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) with a layered structure has been used gradually as a lubrication additive in the tribological area. In this study, BP powders are produced via an easy method of high-energy ball milling using red phosphorus as a raw material. Subsequently, BP nanosheets are prepared via liquid exfoliation in N-methyl pyrolidone solvent. The tribological behavior of BP nanosheets as water-based lubrication additives (BP-WL) is evaluated under Ti6Al4V (TC4)/GCr15 contact. The results suggest that the 70 mg/L BP-WL sample exhibits excellent lubrication performance, whose coefficient of friction (COF) and ball wear rate reduced by 32.4% and 61.1%, respectively, compared with those of pure water. However, as the load increased, the tribological properties of BP-WL reduced gradually because of the agglomeration of BP nanosheets. Based on tribological experiments and worn surface analysis, boundary lubrication mechanisms are proposed. The friction reduced, which is primarily attributed to the low interlaminar shear and adsorption of BP nanosheets. In addition, a tribochemical reaction film comprising TiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 effectively protects the surface of titanium alloy/steel from wear. This new water-based lubrication additive can be used to process titanium alloys.
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The authors gratefully thank the financial support from the Research Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51975450 and 51705277).
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Qingjuan WANG. She received her Ph.D. degree from Xi’an Jiaotong University, China, in 2009, majoring in materials processing engineering. She has published more than 70 academic papers, including more than 40 SCI/EI indexed papers. Her major research areas include rare metal material processing and the preparation of metal ultrafine material.
Tingli HOU. She received her bachelor degree from Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology in 2018. From 2018, she continued to earn a graduate degree at Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, majoring in materials processing engineering. She published one academic paper indexed by SCI and obtained two national invention patents in 2019–2020.
Wei WANG. He received his Ph.D. degree in materials processing engineering from Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China, in 2015. After a two-year post-doctoral work at State Key Laboratory of Tribology of Tsinghua University, his current position is an associate professor from Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology. He has published more than 30 papers indexed by SCI as the first author, worn “Tianjin Innovation Talent Promotion Program” in Tianjin in 2019, and “Outstanding Young Talents” of Shanxi Universities in 2020. His major research areas include lubrication in material processing and nanolubrication.
Guoliang ZHANG. He received his Ph.D. degree in chemical engineering and technology from China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China, in 2016. After a two-year post-doctoral work at the State Key Laboratory of Tribology of Tsinghua University, he is currently an associate professor from Tianjin University of Technology and Education. He has published more than 10 papers indexed by SCI as the first author and worn “Youth Reserve Talent Support Plan” in Tianjin in 2019. His main research areas are intelligent lubrication systems, material design and development and control of friction, and wear performance of composite materials.
Yuan GAO. He got his bachelor and Ph.D. degrees from Tsinghua University, China, in 2011 and 2016, respectively, majoring in mechanical engineering. After that, he has been working at Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology University as an associate professor. His main research interests include material processing tribology and self-lubricating composite coating.
Kuaishe WANG. He received his Ph.D. degree in materials science and engineering from Xi’an Jiaotong University, China, in 2009. He is a professor at Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology. He has published 250 academic papers, more than 130 of which are indexed by SCI. More than 70 national invention patents have been authorized. He has edited five teaching materials and published one monograph. His major research areas include processing and theory of rare metal materials and advanced materials welding and joining technology.
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Wang, Q., Hou, T., Wang, W. et al. Tribological behavior of black phosphorus nanosheets as water-based lubrication additives. Friction 10, 374–387 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0465-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-020-0465-1