Abstract
In this paper, first we obtain a new identity for quantum integrals, the result is then used to prove midpoint type inequalities for differentiable coordinated convex mappings. The outcomes provided in this article are an extension of the comparable consequences in the literature on the midpoint inequalities for differentiable coordinated convex mappings.
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1 Introduction
Quantum calculus, which is also named q-calculus, is occasionally mentioned as calculation method without limits. Herewith, one achieves q-analogues of mathematical tools that may be got back as \(q\rightarrow 1\). There are two techniques in q-addition, one of them is the Nalli–Ward–Al-Salam q-addition (NWA) and the other is Jackson–Hahn–Cigler q-addition (JHC). The first one is commutative and associative, at the same time as the second one is neither. Because of this, there are multiple q-analogs from time to time. These operators constitute the base of the method that combine hypergeometric collection with q-hypergeometric collection and gives many formulations of q-calculus a natural shape. The history of quantum calculus may be traced back to Euler (1707–1783), he first added the expression q in the tracks of Newton’s infinite series. Recently, a great number of researchers have shown an eager hobby in studying and investigating quantum calculus and accordingly it emerged as an interdisciplinary subject. The quantum theory has become a cornerstone in theoretical mathematics and applied sciences, due to the fact that quantum analysis is very helpful in several fields and has huge applications in various areas of natural and applied sciences such as computer science and particle physics. Specifically, the theory has been seen as a critical tool for researchers operating with analytic number theory or in theoretical physics. This calculus method is a bridge that provides the connection between mathematics and physics. Owing to a large numbers of applications in quantum group theory, the quantum calculus also has a significant role for physicists. For some recent trends in quantum calculus the reader is referred to [1–6].
In recent decades the idea of convex functions has been drastically studied because of its fantastic significance in numerous fields of pure and applied sciences. Theory of inequalities and concept of convex functions are closely related to each other, thus they resemble inequalities that could be obtained inside the literature which are derived for convex and differentiable convex mappings; see [7–13].
We now consider how the convex functions of two-variables on the coordinates, which may be also called a coordinated convex function, is defined. Dragomir [14] presented the definition of coordinated convexity as follows.
Definition 1
For all \((\varkappa ,\zeta ),(\eta ,\xi )\in \Omega \) and \(u,v\in {}[ 0,1]\), a mapping \(\Psi :\Omega = [ \alpha ,\beta ] \times [ \gamma , \delta ] \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is said to be coordinated convex on Ω, if it satisfies the inequality
The function Ψ is said to be coordinated concave on Ω, if the inequality (1.1) holds in reversed direction for all \(u,v\in {}[ 0,1]\) and \((\varkappa ,\zeta ),(\eta ,\xi )\in \Omega \).
In [14], Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for convex function of two-variable on the coordinates are established by Dragomir as follows.
Theorem 1
If \(\Psi :\Omega \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is coordinated convex, then one has the inequalities
The above inequalities are sharp. The inequalities in (1.2) hold in reverse direction if the mapping Ψ is a concave mapping on the coordinates.
For the some papers on Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for coordinated convex functions, please refer to [15–20].
2 Some important definitions and theorems with regard to quantum calculus
In this section, we review some valuable definitions, notations and inequalities associated to quantum calculus.
Definition 2
([6])
Suppose that \(\Psi : [ \alpha ,\beta ] \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is a continuous function. Then the q-derivative of Ψ at \(\varkappa \in [ \alpha ,\beta ] \) is characterized by the expression
Because \(\Psi : [ \alpha ,\beta ] \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is a continuous function, one has the equation \({}_{\alpha }d_{q}\Psi ( \alpha ) =\lim_{\varkappa \rightarrow \alpha } {}_{\alpha }d_{q}\Psi ( \varkappa )\). The mapping Ψ is q-differentiable on \([ \alpha ,\beta ]\), if \({}_{\alpha }d_{q}\Psi ( t )\) exists for all \(\varkappa \in [ \alpha ,\beta ] \). If \(\alpha =0 \) in (2.1), then the equation \({} _{0}d_{q}\Psi ( \varkappa ) =d_{q}\Psi ( \varkappa ) \) is valid. Here, \(d_{q}\Psi ( \varkappa ) \) is the familiar q-derivative of Ψ at \(\varkappa \in [ \alpha ,\beta ] \) defined by the expression (see [5])
Definition 3
([6])
Assume that \(\Psi : [ \alpha ,\beta ] \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is a continuous function. Then, for \(x\in [ \alpha ,\beta ] \), the \(q_{\alpha }\)-definite integral on \([ \alpha ,\beta ] \) is defined as
We should note that the notation of the quantum numbers (see [5]) which will be used many times in our main results is defined by
Moreover, we need to give the following lemma in order to prove our main results readily.
Lemma 1
([21])
One has the identity
for \(\mu \in \mathbb{R} \backslash \{ -1 \} \).
In [7], Alp et al. established the following \(q_{\alpha }\)-Hermite–Hadamard inequalities by using convex functions and quantum integral.
Theorem 2
If \(\Psi : [ \alpha ,\beta ] \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a convex differentiable function on \([ \alpha ,\beta ] \) and \(0< q<1\). Then we have the q-Hermite–Hadamard inequalities
On the other side, a new definition of quantum integrals and connected Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities are introduced by Bermudo et al.
Definition 4
([8])
Suppose that \(\Psi : [ \alpha ,\beta ] \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is a continuous function. Then, for \(\varkappa \in [ \alpha ,\beta ] \), the \(q^{\beta }\)-definite integral on \([ \alpha ,\beta ] \) is defined by
Theorem 3
([8])
If \(\Psi : [ \alpha ,\beta ] \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is a convex differentiable mapping on \([ \alpha ,\beta ] \) and \(0< q<1\). Then, one has the q-Hermite–Hadamard inequalities
Now, we mention some definitions and inequalities related to our main results involving double quantum integrals.
\(q_{\alpha \gamma }\)-integral and partial q-derivatives for two variables functions are defined by Latif in [22].
Definition 5
Let \(\Psi :\Omega \subset \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a continuous function. Then, for \(( \varkappa ,\eta ) \in \Omega \), the definite \(q_{\alpha \gamma }\)-integral on Ω is defined by
Definition 6
([22])
Assume that \(\Psi :\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is a continuous function of two variables. Then the partial \(q_{1}\)-derivatives, \(q_{2}\)-derivatives and \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivatives at \(( \varkappa ,\eta ) \in \Omega \) can be given as follows:
For more details related to q-derivatives and integrals for the mappings of two variables, one can refer to [22].
In addition to all these definitions, definitions of \(q_{\alpha }^{\delta }\), \(q_{\gamma }^{\beta }\) and \(q^{\beta \delta }\) integrals and related inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard type are presented by Budak et al. in [23].
Definition 7
([23])
Let \(\Psi :\Omega \subset \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a continuous function. Then, for \(( \varkappa ,\eta ) \in \Omega \), the \(q_{\alpha }^{\delta }\), \(q_{\gamma }^{\beta }\) and \(q^{\beta \delta }\) integrals on Ω are defined by
and
respectively.
Theorem 4
([23])
Let \(\Psi :\Omega \subset \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be coordinated on Ω. Then we have the inequalities
for all \(q_{1},q_{2}\in ( 0,1 ) \).
Budak et al. gave two similar inequalities in addition to the above result. Also, Latif introduced a quantum version of Hölder’s inequality for double integrals in [22].
Theorem 5
(\(q_{1}q_{2}\)-Hölder’s inequality for two variables functions, [22])
Let \(x,y>0\), \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\), \(p_{1}>1\) such that \(\frac{1}{p_{1}}+\frac{1}{r_{1}}=1\). Then
Inspired by these ongoing studies, we establish some new quantum analogues of midpoint type inequalities for q-differentiable coordinated convex functions. Integral inequalities form a crucial branch of analysis and were combined with various types of quantum integrals but we had never seen these before with the integrals that we use here. For this reason, we studied the midpoint type inequalities in quantum calculus.
3 q-Derivatives for the functions of two variables
In this section, we recall partial q-derivatives for mappings of two variables offered by Ali et al. in [24].
Definition 8
Suppose that \(\Psi :\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) is a continuous function of two variables. Then the partial \(q_{1}\)-derivative, \(q_{2}\)-derivative and \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivatives at \(( \varkappa ,\eta ) \in \Omega \) are defined by
respectively.
4 Essential lemmas
In this section, we address three new identities, which are necessary to obtain our crucial results.
Let us start with the following lemma.
Lemma 2
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\). If partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). Then the following identity holds for \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals:
where
and \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
From Definition 8, we have
Also, it is easily observed that
Now by the definition of definite \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals and properties of \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals, we obtain
By using the similar operations, one can obtain
Using the calculated integrals \((I_{1})\)–\((I_{9})\) in (4.2), then we obtain the desired identity (4.1) which ends the proof. □
Remark 1
Under the given conditions of Lemma 2 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then we have the following identity:
where
which is proved by Latif and Dragomir in [25, Lemma 1].
Lemma 3
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\). If the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}_{a}^{d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\), then the following identity holds for \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals:
where \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\) and Λ is defined as in Lemma 2.
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Lemma 2 are applied by taking into account the definition of \(\frac{{}_{a}^{d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\), the desired inequality (4.4) can be obtained. □
Remark 2
If we choose \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\) and replace \(tb+ ( 1-t ) a\) with \(ta+ ( 1-t ) a\) in Lemma 3, then identity (4.4) reduces to identity (4.3).
Lemma 4
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\). If the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\), then the following identity holds for \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals:
where \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\) and Λ is defined as in Lemma 2.
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Lemma 2 is applied by taking into account the definition of \(\frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\), the desired inequality (4.5) can be obtained. □
Remark 3
If we choose \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\) and replace \(sd+ ( 1-s ) c\) with \(sc+ ( 1-s ) d\) in Lemma 4, then identity (4.5) reduces to identity (4.3).
5 Some new \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-Hermite–Hadamard like inequalities
For brevity, we give some calculated integrals before giving new estimates:
Now we give some new quantum estimates by using the identities given in last section.
Let us start to find some new quantum estimates by using Lemma 2. We first examine a new result for functions whose partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivatives in modulus are convex in the following theorem.
Theorem 6
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). Then we have the following inequality provided that \(\vert \frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert \) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ]\):
where
and \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
On taking the modulus of the identity of Lemma (4.1), because of the properties of the modulus, we find that
Now using the convexity of \(\vert \frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert \), then (5.19) becomes
This completes the proof. □
Example 1
Define a function \(f: [ 0,1 ] \times [ 0,1 ] \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) by \(f ( x,y ) =x^{2}y^{2}\). Then \(f ( x,y ) \) is a convex differentiable function of two variables on \([ 0,1 ] \times [ 0,1 ] \). For \(q_{1}=q_{2}=\frac{1}{2}\), we have
Thus,
Now, we can observe that
and
Finally, using the above calculated values in inequality (5.18), we have
which shows that the proved inequality is valid for convex functions.
Remark 4
Under the given conditions of Theorem 6 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then we obtain the following inequality:
which is given by Latif and Dragomir in [25, Theorem 2].
Theorem 7
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). If \(\vert \frac{^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \) for some \(p_{1}>1\) and \(\frac{1}{r_{1}}+\frac{1}{p_{1}}=1\), then we have the following inequality:
where \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
Applying the well-known Hölder inequality for \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals to the integrals on the right side of (5.19), it is found that
By applying convexity of \(\vert \frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\), then (5.23) becomes
Now, if we apply the concept of Lemma 1 for \(a=0\) to the above quantum integrals, we obtain
By substituting the calculated integrals (5.25)–(5.28) in (5.24), then we obtain the desired inequality (5.22) which finishes the proof. □
Remark 5
Under the given conditions of Theorem 7 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then we obtain the following inequality:
which is given by Latif and Dragomir in [25, Theorem 3].
Theorem 8
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). If \(\vert \frac{^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \) for some \(p_{1} > 1\), then we have the following inequality:
where A, B, C, E are defined in Theorem 6and \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
Applying the well-known power mean inequality for \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals to the integrals on the right side of (5.19), it is found that
By applying the convexity of \(\vert \frac{{}^{b, d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\), then (5.31) becomes
By substituting the calculated integral (5.1) in (5.32), then we obtain required inequality (5.30), which ends the proof. □
Remark 6
Under the given conditions of Theorem 8 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then the inequality (5.30) reduces to the following one:
which is given by Latif and Dragomir in [25, Theorem 4].
Now we use Lemma 3 to find some new quantum estimates. We first examine a new result for functions whose partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivatives in modulus are convex in the following theorem.
Theorem 9
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}_{a}^{d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). Then we have the following inequality provided that \(\vert \frac{{}_{a}^{d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert \) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ]\):
where A, B, C, E are defined in Theorem 6and \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Theorem 6 is applied by taking into account Lemma 3, the desired inequality (5.34) can be obtained. □
Remark 7
Under the assumptions of Theorem 9 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then inequality (5.34) reduces to inequality (5.21).
Theorem 10
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{_{a}^{ d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). If \(\vert \frac{{}_{a}^{ d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \) for some \(p_{1}>1\) and \(\frac{1}{r_{1}}+\frac{1}{p_{1}}=1\). Then we have the following inequality:
where \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Theorem 7 is applied by taking into account Lemma 3, the desired inequality (5.35) can be obtained. □
Remark 8
Under the assumptions of Theorem 10 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then inequality (5.35) reduces to inequality (5.29).
Theorem 11
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{_{a}^{ d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). If \(\vert \frac{{}_{a}^{ d}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{_{a}\partial _{q_{1}}t\, {}^{d}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \) for some \(p_{1} > 1 \), then we have the following inequality:
where A, B, C, E are defined in Theorem 6and \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Theorem 8 is applied by taking into account Lemma 3, the desired inequality (5.36) can be obtained. □
Remark 9
Under the assumptions of Theorem 11 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then inequality (5.36) reduces to inequality (5.33)
Now we use Lemma 4 to find some new quantum estimates. We first examine a new result for functions whose partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivatives in modulus are convex in the following theorem.
Theorem 12
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b} \partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). Then we have the following inequality provided that \(\vert \frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert \) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ]\):
where A, B, C, E are defined in Theorem 6and \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Theorem 6 are applied by taking into account Lemma 4, the desired inequality (5.37) can be obtained. □
Remark 10
Under the assumptions of Theorem 12 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then inequality (5.37) reduces to inequality (5.21).
Theorem 13
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b} \partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). If \(\vert \frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \) for some \(p_{1}>1\) and \(\frac{1}{r_{1}}+\frac{1}{p_{1}}=1\), then we have following inequality:
where \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Theorem 7 is applied by taking into account Lemma 4, the desired inequality (5.38) can be obtained. □
Remark 11
Under the assumptions of Theorem 13 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then inequality (5.38) reduces to inequality (5.29).
Theorem 14
Let \(F:\Delta \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R} \) be a twice partially \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-differentiable function on \(\Delta ^{\circ }\) such that the partial \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-derivative \(\frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s}\) is continuous and integrable on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \subseteq \Delta ^{ \circ }\). If \(\vert \frac{{}_{c}^{b}\partial _{q_{1},q_{2}}^{2}F ( t,s ) }{{}^{b}\partial _{q_{1}}t\,{}_{c}\partial _{q_{2}}s} \vert ^{p_{1}}\) is convex on \([ a,b ] \times [ c,d ] \) for some \(p_{1} > 1\), then we have the following inequality:
where A, B, CE are defined in Theorem 6and \(0< q_{1}\), \(q_{2}<1\).
Proof
If the strategy which was used in the proof of Theorem 8 is applied by taking into account Lemma 4, the desired inequality (5.39) can be obtained. □
Remark 12
Under the assumptions of Theorem 14 with \(q_{1},q_{2}\rightarrow 1^{-}\), then inequality (5.39) reduces to inequality (5.33).
6 Conclusion
In this paper, midpoint type inequalities for coordinated convex functions by applying the notion of \(q_{1}q_{2}\)-integrals are obtained. It is also shown that the results proved in this paper are the potential generalization of the existing comparable results in the literature. It is an interesting and new problem that the upcoming mathematicians can derive similar inequalities for different kinds of convexities in their future work.
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The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.
Funding
The work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61673169, 11301127, 11701176, 11626101, 11601485, 11971241).
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You, X., Ali, M.A., Erden, S. et al. On some new midpoint inequalities for the functions of two variables via quantum calculus. J Inequal Appl 2021, 142 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13660-021-02678-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13660-021-02678-9