Abstract
In modern electric equipment, especially electric vehicles, inverter control systems can lead to complex shaft voltages and bearing currents. Within an electric motor, many parts have electrical failure problems, and among which bearings are the most sensitive and vulnerable components. In recent years, electrical failures in bearing have been frequently reported in electric vehicles, and the electrical failure of bearings has become a key issue that restricts the lifetime of all-electric motor-based power systems in a broader sense. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the bearing premature failure in the mechanical systems exposed in an electrical environment represented by electric vehicles. The electrical environments in which bearing works including the different components and the origins of the shaft voltages and bearing currents, as well as the typical modes of electrical bearing failure including various topographical damages and lubrication failures, have been discussed. The fundamental influence mechanisms of voltage/current on the friction/lubrication properties have been summarized and analyzed, and corresponding countermeasures have been proposed. Finally, a brief introduction to the key technical flaws in the current researches will be made and the future outlook of frontier directions will be discussed.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51822505 and 51527901), Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program (Grant No. 2019Z08QCX11), and Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 3182010).
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Feng HE. He received his bachelor degree in mechanical engineering in 2016 from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate at the State Key Laboratory of Tribology of Tsinghua University. His research interests include the lubrication under charged conditions, electrically-controlled friction, and nanoscale friction.
Guoxin XIE. He received his Ph.D. degree at Tsinghua University, China, in 2010, majoring in mechanical engineering. After that, he spent two years at State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, China for postdoctoral research. From 2012 to 2014, he worked at Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, for another two-year post-doctoral research. Since 2014, he has worked at Tsinghua University as an associate professor. His research interests include intelligent self-lubrication, electric contact lubrication, etc. He has published more than 50 referred papers in the international journals. He won several important academic awards, such as Chinese Thousands of Young Talents, the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Award of China, and Ragnar Holm Plaque from KTH, Sweden.
Jianbin LUO. He received his BEng degree from Northeastern University in 1982, and got his MEng degree from Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology in 1988. In 1994, he received his Ph.D. degree from Tsinghua University and then joined the faculty of Tsinghua University. Prof. Jianbin Luo is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a Yangtze River Scholar Distinguished Professor of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. He was awarded the STLE International Award (2013), the Chinese National Technology Progress Prize (2008), the Chinese National Natural Science Prize (2001), and the Chinese National Invention Prize (1996). Prof. Luo has been engaged in the research of thin film lubrication and tribology in nanomanufacturing. He has been invited as a keynote or plenary speaker for 20 times on the international conferences.
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He, F., Xie, G. & Luo, J. Electrical bearing failures in electric vehicles. Friction 8, 4–28 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0356-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0356-5